This study aimed to examine how including dietary dried rosemary leaves (DRL) of Holstein bulls affects methane production and certain rumen fluid characteristics in vitro. Rumen fluid was obtained from newly slaughtered calves and used in two separate trials: one for gas production and another for digestion. In the trials, two diets were implemented. The first was the standard diet for bulls, consisting of a concentrate diet and alfalfa hay (control group). The second diet included the addition of 250 g DRL to the essential diet. There was a significant decrease (P≤0.01) in methane and N-NH3 production, as well as in the ratio between unsaturated fatty acids (USF) and saturated fatty acids in the rosemary group compar

This study aimed to evaluate the nematicidal effect of three local Bacillus thuringiensis isolates in controlling the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne spp. under laboratory and shade house conditions. We amplified 16S rRNA and performed polymerase chain reaction on the isolates to confirm them as B. thuringiensis. PCR was carried out with a universal primer for the 16S rRNA amplification for confirmation, where all three isolates yielded the predicted amplicon. The isolates were identified as B. thuringiensis and documented using sequencing based on their 16S rRNA genes. Sequencing results were deposited at NCBI. The laboratory experiments revealed that Sa.Sa.Kh.3 isolate outperformed the other two isola

The experiment was carried out in the season 2021-2022 at College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad, For testing the potential for the plant growth-promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) in controlling the Rhizoctonia solani fungus that causes black scurf disease in potatoes. All fungal isolates obtained a very good efficacy in the reduction seed germination percentage (0, 6.7, 15.6 and 17.7%, respectively) in comparison with control (97.7%). The results showed that the Rs1 and Rs4 fungi isolates are the most pathogenic as it recorded 5 and 4.2 respectively. Bl.4 bacterial isolate recorded the highest inhibitory ability of fungus growth (47.6%) with significant differences compared with Bl.5 and Bl.3, while

This study aimed to assess desertification and land degradation in an arid and semi-arid climate (Al-Nasr area, Dhi Qar Governorate). We used the MEDALUS and modified MEDALUS models with three scenarios, in conjunction with GIS mapping techniques, to identify desertification risks in one Iraqi governorate. After creating a desertification database containing 19 criteria, the first steps consisted of mapping four MEDALUS indicators, including soil, vegetation, climate, and land management. The next step involved adding other indicators such as irrigation water. All layers weighted by environmental conditions present in the region were then used according to the same MEDALUS framework to create a desertification map. The results sh

This study was carried out to identify the effect of the quantitative trait loci (QTL) region on some productive and physiological traits of Iraqi chickens. One hundred five and ten-week-old laying hens were used and bred in individual sages from sexual maturity to 100 days of production. Blood samples were collected from the brachial vein for DNA extraction and serum isolation, and then polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done to determine the target region of the QTL. Two groups were obtained: the first had a PCR product with band 294 bp denoted (P) and the second had no PCR product denoted (NP). The P group had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on egg weight at the second stage of the study amounted 48.23 gm. and a significan

Management of date palm is laborious andcostly, thus this work intended to study the two types of frond cutting saws (reciprocating saw andvibrating saw) investigated on three cutting parameters (noise intensity result from frond cutting, surface regularity or flatness of the cut region, andsome mechanical characteristics of the cutting process including longitudinal andradial compressive strength andstress measurement) applied on field grown five date palm varieties (Barhi, Bream, Khestawi, Tebarzal andZahdi).  Nested r&omized complete block design was implemented which included five date palm varieties as the main plot andthe type of saw as a sub-plot. Results indicate

Thi study aimed to assess the physiological effect of foliar silicon on the yield and its components of Bohouth 22cultivar bread wheat under conditions of moisture depletion. A field experiment was conducted at the Research Station E, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad (Al-Jadriyah), during the 2022-2023 and 2023-2024 winter seasons. The nested design with three replicates was used to study three levels of moisture depletion (40%, 60%, and 80%) and four silicon concentrations (0, 150, 200, and 250 mg L^-1).The results showed significant effects of depletion levels and silicon concentrati

The current study aimed to estimate the chemical composition and detect bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols and flavonoids, in the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of olive leaves. The study involved collecting olive leaves from areas in Al Za'franiya, Baghdad, Iraq. According to the chemical composition, olive leaves have a good protein content (9.89%), which may play a major role in alleviating global malnutrition. The results revealed that the leaves contain high total Ash (22.20%), carbohydrates (55.66%), energy (273.52 kcal/100g), and low total fat content (1.28%). Ethanol extract 70% contained the highest concentration of oleuropein (298.0 mg/L),

: zonal are included in phraseological units, form metaphorical names for a person, give him various emotional and evaluative characteristics. This article examines the topic of zoomorphic metaphors that characterize a person in the Russian and Arabic languages in the aspect of their comparative analysis, since the comparative analysis of the metaphorical meanings of animalisms is an important method for studying cultural linguistics, since zoomorphic metaphors are a reflection of culture in a language.

         The accurate extracting, studying, and analyzing of drainage basin morphometric aspects is important for the accurate determination of environmental factors that formed them, such as climate, tectonic activity, region lithology, and land covering vegetation.

This work was divided into three stages; the 1^st stage was delineation of the Al-Abiadh basin borders using a new approach that depends on three-dimensional modeling of the studied region and a drainage network pattern extraction using (Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission) data, the 2^nd was the classification of the Al-Abiadh basin streams according to their shape and widenings, and the 3^rd was ex

Artificial intelligence is what helps in the transition to digitization or digital transformation, which is intended to represent files, images, and objects with separate points, which means the transformation from the traditional system that contains traditional drawbacks to the electronic system, and this transformation requires knowledge of the methods and means that suit this transformation, so the transformation to Digitization has now become a necessary matter for solving all contemporary problems. Most importantly, it is eliminating complex procedures and government red tape by turning to electronic governments, and eliminating everything that is complex, accumulated, and difficult to retrieve. This is what we will address in the sub

The life insurance companies need a sound system to use it in selecting Insurable risks so they can avoid or reduce possible losses that may be insured to a minimum levels , But the application within IRAQI INSURANCE  COMPANY reflects that it still depends on a traditional ways in the procedures used to select that risks .

                 This  research represents an attempt to put acceptable suggestions about developing a system for selecting insurable risks which used now by iraqi insurance company by recognizing the risks of life insurance , determining kinds of risks which can difined as normal and upnormal risks , rectification of the

This research deals with the study of top soil electrical conductive regions located within Baghdad City. The research included measuring the dissolved soil material extraction Electrical Conductivity (EC) with an aqueous solution for the top (0-30 cm) soil layer of the study area. As the electrical conductivity values increase by increasing the amount of dissolved salts in principle, we can consider that the aim of this research is to predict the amount and distribution of (soil contamination with salts) which is represented by the (Salt Index), this factor calculated for each soil representative sample taken from the region with a depth of (30 cm). Laboratory (EC) test values measured by the use of solutions (EC) digital meter for the ex

Systems on Chips (SoCs) architecture complexity is result of integrating a large numbers of cores in a single chip. The approaches should address the systems particular challenges such as reliability, performance, and power constraints. Monitoring became a necessary part for testing, debugging and performance evaluations of SoCs at run time, as On-chip monitoring is employed to provide environmental information, such as temperature, voltage, and error data. Real-time system validation is done by exploiting the monitoring to determine the proper operation of a system within the designed parameters. The paper explains the common monitoring operations in SoCs, showing the functionality of thermal, voltage and soft error monitors. The different

Mefenamic acid was esterified with starchwith[1:1] Molar ratio, as drug substituted with natural polymer, to prolongthe period of hydrolysis of drug polymer with other advantages. The new prodrug starch was characterized by FT-IR and UV-Visible and 1H-NMR spectroscopies. The physical properties were studied and controlled drug release was studied in different pH values at 37oC. The stability of drug was carried out by measuring the absorbance of mefenamic starch which hydrolyzed in HCl solution of pH 1.1 (artificial gastric fluid) and phosphate buffer of pH 7.4 (simulating intestinal fluid SIF) at 37oC for several days. The thermal analysis such as DSC was studied.

Objectives: Assessment of glycodelin (GD) as a marker for unruptured ectopic pregnancy (EP) in the first trimester of pregnancy. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted during June 2016 to May 2017 in the Obstetrics and Gynecological Department of Baghdad University at Baghdad teaching hospital/medical city complex. In this study, 100 pregnant women in their first trimester of pregnancy were included after clinical and ultrasonic findings. Results: Based on the results, GD levels in EP were significantly lower than those with normal intrauterine pregnancy (1.58 ± 1.18 vs. 30.1 ± 11.9). In addition, using receiver operator curve analysis, the cut-off GD level of 9.5 and less had acceptable validity results (100

Summary money-laundering has been one of the most serious crimes affecting the national economy, including the private business sector, and it affects the moral system of society, as the beneficiaries of this process become the owners of the money-launderers that contribute to the investment activity by accumulating their accumulated wealth from Illegal economic activity. The biggest burden of money laundering is on banks, as they are the main channel in which money launderers pour their money, especially under bank secrecy laws, and banks are the first balaka in the fight against money laundering, in order to protect themselves from the risks Financial and legal responsibility for their participation in such operations, and certainly money

In the present study, a pressure drop technique was used to identify the phase inversion point of oil-in-water to water-in-oil flows through a horizontal pipe and to study the effect of additives (nanoparticles, cationic surfactant and blend  nanoparticles-surfactant) on the critical dispersed volume fraction (phase inversion point). The measurements were carried  for mixture velocity ranges from 0.8 m/sec to 2.3 m/sec. The results showed that at low mixture velocity 0.8 and 1 m/sec there is no effect of additives and velocity on phase inversion point, while at high mixture velocities the phase inversion point for nanoparticles and blend (nanoparticles/surfactant) systems was delayed (postponed) to a higher value of the dispers

The study included the description of external body parts and the male genitalia for the male of rusty flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst,1797) and the studied was supported by illustrations

One of the management accounting tools is responsible accounting. In this system, the organisation is divided into responsibility centres that help to connect an individual performance responsible to perform through a combined system of reports according to the implementation of the mechanism of exception tools which gives assistance in planning. The exploitation of the organisation's available resources is achieved through the application of responsible accounting. Also, the best exploitation will lead to the provision of low-cost products through the disposal of all types of waste or loss during the cost centres. By providing products at a lower cost and satisfying the wishes of the needs of customers, the result reflects the competitive

تعد دراسة الفكر السياسي للسيد محمد بحر العلوم، تناولاً لشخصية إسلامية علمية واجتماعية وسياسية معتدلة، ينتمي إلى أسرة علوية حسنية لها من التراث الديني والعلمي والفكري والاجتماعي ما يشهد له التأريخ، فضلاً عن الإسهامات الوطنية والسياسية في تاريخ العراق المعاصر، وبسبب السياسات الخاطئة لتلك الأنظمة الدكتاتورية، وموقف تلك العائلة المناهض لها فقد كانت النتيجة أن قدمت كوكبة من خيرة علمائها وشبابها.

This study was designed to know the effect of Diclofenac sodium (voltaren) drug on the histological composition of kidney in domestic rabbits . Twelve adult males with (1.4) kg weight . The first group of animals administrated orally by 1 ml of Voltaren with 6 mg/kg , while the second group with (1) ml of distal water (as control group ) . the administrated continue for (60) days sequentially. The treatment with voltaren showed pathological cases in tissues and cells of kidney including necrosis, infilteration ,congestion in blood vessels edema.Also epithelial separation in kidney tubules in comparison with control group Conclusion from the above results, revealed that voltaren had negative effects on the kidn

A rapid growth has occurred for the act of plagiarism with the aid of Internet explosive growth wherein a massive volume of information offered with effortless use and access makes plagiarism  the process of taking someone else’s work (represented by ideas, or even words) and representing it as other's own work  easy to be performed. For ensuring originality, detecting plagiarism has been massively necessitated in various areas so that the people who aim to plagiarize ought to offer considerable effort for introducing works centered on their research.

     In this paper, work has been proposed for improving the detection of textual plagiarism through proposing a model for can

In this paper an authentication based finger print biometric system is proposed with personal identity information of name and birthday. A generation of National Identification Number (NIDN) is proposed in merging of finger print features and the personal identity information to generate the Quick Response code (QR) image that used in access system. In this paper two approaches are dependent, traditional authentication and strong identification with QR and NIDN information. The system shows accuracy of 96.153% with threshold value of 50. The accuracy reaches to 100% when the threshold value goes under 50.

The objective of the research is to measure the impact of social responsibility on the financial performance of the Bank of Baghdad for the period from 2014 to 2016 (3 years) through discussing and analyzing the level of practice of the Bank of Baghdad for social responsibility and the impact on their financial performance during the period. To measure the independent variable (CSR), the researcher used the CSR Disclosure Index and relied on the ROA as an indicator to measure the dependent variable (financial performance).The results of the research showed the main hypothesis of the research, which states that the social responsibility of the banks has no significant impact on the financial performance. In relation to the disclosure of s

The laminar fluid flow of water through the annulus duct was investigated numerically by ANSYS fluent version 15.0 with height (2.5, 5, 7.5) cm and constant length (L=60cm). With constant heat flux applied to the outer duct. The heat flux at the range (500,1000,1500,2000) w/m2 and Reynolds number values were ≤ 2300. The problem was 2-D investigated. Results revealed that Nusselt number decrease and the wall temperature increase with the increase of heat flux. Also, the average Nusselt number increase as Re increases. And as the height of the annulus increase, the values of the temperature and the local and average Nusselt number increase.