The primary aim of this investigation is to update the taxonomy of the genus Paeonia
L.,1753 (Paeoniaceae) in Iraq based on morphological characteristics, anatomical features,
ecological notes, and geographic distribution using, geographic information systems (GIS).
The results showed that the genus in Iraq contains only one subspecies, P. mascula subsp.
mascula (L.) Mill.,1768 a perennial herbs less than 80 cm tall with ascending, cylindrical,
glabrous stems, showy flowers, and underground carrot-shaped tuber roots. Anatomical
analysis reveals anomocytic stomata with an elliptical or rectangular apparatus, a
hypostomatic leaf, a stomatal index of 26.2%, and a stomatal density of 51 per mm2. A crosssection
of the

This paper focuses firstly on the production of monomers bis (2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) and oligomers by using two different form of MgO light active and Nano Magnesium oxide with different weight ratio (0.15, 0.25 and 0.5) by using chemical recycling glass condenser at 190 ˚C. The second purpose is to study the effect of catalyst ratio, time of reaction and yield of products of the product. Elemental analysis for Carbon –Hydrogen and Nitrogen (CHN), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) have been investigated. Results indicated the catalytic activity was found to correlate with surface area; however, LA MgO has shown an exceptional activity, still it is h

The aim of the current investigation is to study the embryogenesis of the pseudobranchia
(PB) in the Eastern mosquito fish Gambusia holbrooki, Girard, 1859 (Cyprinodontiformes,
Poeciliidae). Histological sections from 2-4 mm long embryos revealed the presumable PB as
a cell mass surrounded by a row of squamous cells in the operculum, as well as the formation
of cartilage and blood vessels, and the beginning of the formation of its lamellae. In 5-7.75
mm long embryos, a prominent rise appeared in the mass of cells and PB lamellae, along with
an increase in melanin deposition around the blood vessels. Moreover, a row of squamous
cells encircled the rise from the front and back. At this stage, the parallel arrangement o

The checklist of Iraqi Crabronid wasps has been updated due to this work. A total of 67
species are listed belonging to 29 genera, across 10 tribes within five subfamilies. The species
distribution is also provided, and an identification key was developed to differentiate the high
taxa.

Leeches are a group of segmented worms that play important roles in aquatic environment
based on diversity, and abundance feeding habits. A total of 144 specimens of the leech were
collected from two sites in Babylon Province on the Euphrates River including S1 in Al-
Musayyib city site and S2 in Shatt Al-Hillah site, during the period from March 2023 to May
2024. Specimens were examined morphologically and by molecular analysis of genomic
DNA, using to amplification of the conserved 18S rRNA encoding gene and universal primers
ITS1 and ITS4, some environmental variables were measured, including water and air
temperature (°C), pH, Electrical conductivity EC (μs ̸ cm), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) and
Turbidity,

Background: To elucidate the possible role of human cytomegalovirus in pregnancy loss through induction of certain pro-inflammatory adhesion molecules.
Methods: Paraffin embedded sections of curate samples were obtained from 34 women had spontaneous abortion, and 5 women had elective termination of pregnancy (as control), and then subjected for immunohistochemistry analysis to detect human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) early protein and VCAM-1 molecule.
Results: Nine out of 34 women with spontaneous abortion were positive for HCMV early protein, with a
significantly higher expression of VCAM-1 in HCMV positive cases as compared with HCMV negative and the control groups (p = 0.05, 0.001 respectively).
Conclusion: HCMV infection may p

backround: job satisfaction greatly determines the productivity and efficiency of human resorces for health job satisfaction in said to be linked with employees work environment 

job resposibilties and time pressure among various health professionals

The study aimed to survey mushroom species from fields among herbs, palm trunks, and
trees in central Iraq and to identify them on the basis of morphological and molecular
characteristics. As a molecular identification result with polymerase chain reaction six
species were recorded (with eight isolates): Agaricus bitorquis (Quéllt) Saccardo. 1887
(SHA14); Candolleomyces candolleanus (Fr.) D. Wächter & Melzer, 2020 (SHA15);
Cyclocybe cylindracea (D.C.) Vizzini & Angelini, 2014 (SHA13); Leucoagaricus hesperius
Vellinga, 2010 (SHA16); Volvariella sp. (SHA17), and Volvopluteus gloiocephalus (D. C.)
Vizzini, Contu & Justo, 2011 (SHA10, SHA101 and SHA12), belonging to four families of
Basidiomycetes: Agari

We examined morphological variations in Carabus granulatus L., 1758 (Coleoptera,
Carabidae) populations across different habitats in the Kaluga Region. Discriminant analysis
revealed subtle but significant morphological differences between populations, with pronotum
length being the key discriminating trait. Morphological variability was primarily driven by
historical microevolutionary processes rather than direct phenotypic adaptation to specific
habitats. Local ecological factors, such as microclimate and resource availability, had a
greater influence on morphometric traits than the general habitat type. Populations in the
eastern part of the Kaluga Region exhibited smaller body sizes due to intensive forest use.

A survey and identification were made of edible mushrooms from Salah Al Din Province,
central of Iraq, were conducted. The species were identified according to macroscopic
characteristics, such as the size, shape, color, and surface texture of the cap; the color of the
gills and their attachment to the stipe, if any, the number of pores per millimeter; and the color,
size , and surface texture of the stipe. Other features noted included the presence or absence
of the annulus and volva; Microscopic characteristics were also examined, including the size
of the basidium and the number of its spores; the color, size, and shape of the spores; the size,
shape, and type of cystidia, and whether cystidia were present or abse

Birds are exposed to infection by various ectoparasites, including chewing lice (Order:
Phthiraptera), which affect nearly all avian species. The present study aimed to diagnose the
species of lice parasitizing poultry using morphological traits, and molecular analysis (PCR).
Additionally, the study included the construction of a phylogenetic tree of the among the
species sequenced on the basis of genetic sequencing by using 18S rRNA. The survey was
conducted during the period from November 2023 to October 2024. A total of 300 chickens
and pigeons were examined from different locations in Basrah Province. In the study, four
species were recorded, and registered in GenBank with the following accession numbers:
PQ63

Babesiosis is a tick-borne disease caused by Babesia microti. We present a case of false positive HIV in the setting of confirmed babesiosis infection. An understanding that patients with babesiosis can have a false positive HIV test result is important in management decisions.

         In the present work, the magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments for some sodium isotopes have been calculated using the shell model, considering the effect of the two-body effective interactions and the single-particle potentials. These isotopes are; ²¹Na (3/2+), ²³Na (3/2+), ²⁵Na (5/2+), ²⁶Na (3+), ²⁷Na (5/2+), ²⁸Na (1+) and, ²⁹Na (3/2+). The one-body transition density matrix elements (OBDM) have been calculated using the (USDA, USDB, HBUMSD and W) two-body effective interactions carried out in the sd-shell model space. The sd shell model space consists of the active 2s_1/2, 1d_5/2,

    The environmental contamination by the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Ni, Cr, and Cd) concentrations in the leaves of plant Eucalyptus camaldulensis were determined at the city of Kirkuk in 15 selected locations using GPS. The pickings up of samples were carried out in two periods October 2010 and March 2011. Compared with results of other studies, the concentration levels of determined heavy metals show values within these studies results. The average total concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the leaves of Plant Eucalyptus camaldulensis indicated 37.1 ppb in October, while in March 165.2 ppb.

    The mode

    The aim of this work is to study the histological and histochemical structure of the Harderian gland in indigenous pigeons. Samples were obtained from 10 males and 10 females of adult healthy pigeons. Hematoxylin and eosin, Alcian blue (pH 2.5), periodic acid-Schiff and promo phenol blue, stains were used for paraffin section examination. The gland was teardrop like in shape, light brown to pink in color, capsulated with thin connective tissue. It was multilobular compound acinotubular in structure and lined by columnar epithelial cells. Lymphocyte, plasma cells and plasma cells with Russell bodies were present underneath the epithelia of central collecting duct and around the secretory unite. Histochemically; the

Back ground: The innervations of the pineal
gland from the superior cervical ganglion have
shown some form of a chromatolysis reaction.
Objective:
1-Tracing the innervations of the pineal gland by
removing the target tissue (the pineal gland in
this study) i.e. (pinealoctomy) and removal of the
superior cervical ganglion i.e. (ganglionectomy).
2- The localization and total number of the
neurons which project into the rat pineal gland
3-The effect of pinealoctomy on the SCG after a
different time interval.
Methods: Twenty five albino rats were used in
this study, Pinealoctomy was done, then after a
different time interval ganglionectomy was done,
in order to study the Chromatolysis in their cel

 Endometriosis is a common women health disorder that occurs when Endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterus. This may lead to irregular bleeding , pelvic pain, infertility and other complications.   Metformin,  because of its activity to improve  insulin sensitivity, it is  used for  the treatment of diabetes; it  also  has a modulatory  effect  on  ovarian  steroid  production and has  anti-inflammatory  properties,  all may  suggest  its possible effect in treatment  of endometriosis. This  study  was  planned  to  determine  the  effect  of  metformin  on serum levels  of&nbs

    The fauna of bees (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) from different regions of Iraq is surveyed in this study; there were 16 species, 13 genera that belong to four families which are collected in this investigation.

    Also, all the species that are recorded for Iraq in previous investigations are revised; totally there are 110 species, 32 genera belonging to  five families: Apidae, Andernidae, Colletidae, Halictidae and Megachilidae were listed.

This research aims to analyze the chaotic behaviour of Iraqi Premier League football players according to the lines of play (defense, midfield, and attack). Chaotic behaviour refers to player actions that may deviate from the expected tactics on the field, affecting team performance. In light of the increasing competition in the Iraqi Premier League, understanding the impact of this behaviour on collective performance is essential to improving the effectiveness of team tactical plans. The research problem lies in the emergence of disorganized behaviour among Iraqi Premier League players, which directly impact team performance. These behaviours vary in their impact depending on the player's position and line of play. The research focuses

The life on earth is driven by energy, supplied by the tiny organelles of the cell called mitochondria and they are usually stated as the powerhouses of the cell.  In population genetics, Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is used extensively to categorize individuals or populations.  The mutation sites observed in human mtDNA by comparing with the reference sequence (rCRS) are termed into definite human mtDNA haplogroups. Previous studies showed that mtDNA specific haplogroups and polymorphisms were established to be linked with various human diseases, including cancer in numerous populations. Furthermore, it is also known that several mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms are implicated in enhanced production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS

     The industrial factory is one of the challenging environments for future wireless communication systems, where the goal is to produce products with low cost in short time. This high level of network performance is achieved by distributing massive MIMO that provides indoor networks with joint beamforming that enhances 5G network capacity and user experience as well. Judging from the importance of this topic, this study introduces a new optimization problem concerning the investigation of multi-beam antenna (MBA) coverage possibilities in 5G network for indoor environments, named Base-station Beams Distribution Problem (BBDP). This problem has an extensive number of parameters and constrains including user’s location, required d

In this paper we introduce the basic of definitions of groups for geometric figures; we describe some of geometric figures by using the properties of groups. The classification of some geometric figures by using the properties of some algebraic structures.

Abstract Background: Women in developed and poor nations more often get breast cancer. BSE involves women frequently checking their breasts for lumps or swelling to seek medical assistance. BSE lets women know how their breasts appear and feel so they can notify their doctors of any changes. Objectives: To determine the knowledge and attitude of breast self-examination among nonmedical female student. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional research was conducted at Diyala University/Governorate-Iraq on fourth-grade non-medical female students. A 700-student online questionnaire was employed. We got official agreements. Fisher's exact or chi-square test was employed. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The mean age of partici

Background: Health professionals have a crucial role in promotion, support and management of breastfeeding. To be effective in this effort, the clinician should focus on the issue from the preconception stage through pregnancy and delivery, and continue in subsequent infant care. Aim of the study: to assess the effectiveness of the UNICEF/WHO 40-hour of breast feeding training through the assess breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes of the health profession staff before and after training course.

فدهي قوس يف ةيداصتقلاا تادحولا ضعب يف نيرمثتسملا تارارق ىلع ءارضخلا ةبساحملا ريثأت ةسارد ىلا ثحبلا نم يلمعلا بناجلا تانايب عمج ىلع دامتعلااب ناثحابلا ماق ثحبلا فده قيقحتلو ، ةيلاملا قارولأل قارعلا نايبتسا ميمصت للاخ ىلا اهميدقتو يف ) نيرمثتسملاو , نييلخادلا نيققدملاو , نيبساحملاو , نييلاملا ءاردملا( ثحبلا ةنيع يف ةلجسملا تاكرشلا ضعب ةيلاملا قارولأل قارعلا قوس متو ثحبلا ناونعب قلعتت يتلا جئاتنلا جارخت

With the development of communication technologies, the use of wireless systems in biomedical implanted devices has become very useful. Bio-implantable devices are electronic devices which are used for treatment and monitoring brain implants, pacemakers, cochlear implants, retinal implants and so on. The inductive coupling link is used to transmit power and data between the primary and secondary sides of the biomedical implanted system, in which efficient power amplifier is very much needed to ensure the best data transmission rates and low power losses. However, the efficiency of the implanted devices depends on the circuit design, controller, load variation, changes of radio frequency coil’s mutual displacement and coupling coef

The paper is concerned with the state and proof of the solvability theorem of unique state vector solution (SVS) of triple nonlinear hyperbolic boundary value problem (TNLHBVP), via utilizing the Galerkin method (GAM) with the Aubin theorem (AUTH), when the boundary control vector (BCV) is known. Solvability theorem of a boundary optimal control vector (BOCV) with equality and inequality state vector constraints (EINESVC) is proved. We studied the solvability theorem of a unique solution for the adjoint triple boundary value problem (ATHBVP) associated with TNLHBVP. The directional derivation (DRD) of the "Hamiltonian"(DRDH) is deduced. Finally, the necessary theorem (necessary conditions "NCOs") and the sufficient theorem (sufficient co

LAS is the basic material in the industry of liquid and solid detergents, the adsorption of LAS achieved in the concentration 50-1000 mg.l-1.
The adsorption efficiency on bentonite was modified using a cationic surfactant which is Cetyl Pyridinium Bromide (CPB), that raised the adsorption percentage Q(%) from 36% for free bentonite to 81% for modified bentonite at 298 K using 250 ppm LAS solution.
The effect of adding three kinds of inorganic salts was studied; the salts were Pb(NO3)2, MgSO4, and CaSO4 in the concentration range (100-400) mg.l-1, The results showed a negative effect on the sorption process.
The effect of pH on the sorption of LAS on clay showed that the highest sorption on bentonite was at pH 9, The thermo

A simple chemical method for producing ZnO/ CuO/ CdS nanoparticles using a chemical route (SILAR) method has been utilized. XRD patterns show hexagonal structures for ZnO, spheres, and cubic-formed CuO/CdS nanoparticles. Nanoparticles showed a blue shift in their UV-VIS energy band edge with (3.7, 3, and 3.2) eV for ZnO, CuO, and CdS. The morphology of ZnO, CuO, and CdS nanoparticles is investigated using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The XRD pattern reveals that the crystallites size are 15–30 nm. Photoluminescence reveals a yellow-green (520 nm) region for ZnO, a blue (380 nm) region for CuO, and a red (440 nm) region for CdS. The CdS wideband gap restricts its application. In this manner, we combined ZnO, CdS, and CuO for th