The objective of the study was to enhance the survivability of Lactobacillus plantarum (ATCC 29521) and investigate their resistance to some extreme conditions following its microencapsulation with alginate, chitosan, and olibanum gum. The study's findings showed that the use of olibanum gum in the first and second layers with alginate and chitosan protected the bacteria against various forms of pasteurization, as well as against extremely acidic conditions and high bile salt concentrations. After 28 days of storage at 4°C, the bacteria coated with the using of olibanum gum in the first

This study was aimed to prepared new polymeric coverings reinforced by the naturally occurring pigment anthocyanins and investigate their biological efficacy when combined with certain drugs against specific kinds of microbe’s pathogens. FT-IR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS) were used to identify the active groups of the anthocyanin pigment, which were situated the functional groups of anthocyanin in contrast to crystalline compounds, X-ray diffraction (XRD) examination also revealed the production of irregularly constituted compounds. Furthermore, all derivative compounds were had high inhibitory activity against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, as well as against the fungus Candida albicans in different conce

This study was aimed  to investigate the potential of cellulose gum as a substitute for fat in Mozzarella cheese production and evaluate its impact on the cheese's physicochemical, rheological, and sensory properties. Cellulose gum was added in different ratios of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5%, revealing treatments  A₁, A₂, A₃, A_4, and A₅ to skimmed milk, respectively. As well as the positive control treatment C+ manufactured from whole milk, there is a negative control treatment C- made from skimmed milk without cellulose gum. After processing, several tests were conducted to determine the quality of the product. Chemical tests were carried out to measure moisture,

The current study was aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of grape seed extract (GSE) on Alloxan (120mg/kg of body weight) induced diabetes in mice as well as characterize the chemical composition and phytochemical content of grape seeds from three grape cultivars (Ahmer, Halawani, and Kamali) grown in Iraq as well as pomace. Ahmer gave the highest values for crude fat14.84±0.2 and phytochemicals (tannins, saponin, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, and anthocyanin) as compared to other cultivars. phytochemical analysis using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed that the highest concentration of proanthocyanidins polymers (catechine, procyanidin, and epicatechine) was recorde

This study was aimed to compare the performance of flour mills in Baghdad governorate during 2019. A sample of 53 mills were collected, divided into four categories according to their productivity. The technical and economic efficiency were estimated according to the data envelope method with an input oriented. The results showed that the values of the general average of scale efficiency and technical efficiency constant CRS, and variable return to scale VRS for the sample in the first half according to its production capacity of the mills amounted to (0.876, 0.937, 0.937)% respectively. Compared to the results of the second period (0.896, 0.952, 0.941) %, respectively. As for the results of allocative and econom

An experiment was carried out at one of the fields located south of Baghdad during the 2024 agricultural season to study the water requirements of two cultivars of okra, a local cultivar (Batra) and an Egyptian cultivar (Lahloba) under the effect of the previous crop compared with the absence of residues. The factorial experiment included the crop cultivar and the presence or absence of previous crop residues. The characteristics studied for these two factors and their interactions were the water requirement of the okra crop, water productivity, germination speed, plant height, number of leaves, and fresh pod yield. The presence of crop residues led to a decrease in water consumption by the crop (mm) and conseque

This study was aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance, biofilm formation and some type 1 fimbriae adhesion genes. A total of 120 urine specimens were obtained from different patients with UTIs during October 2022 to February 2023 from several Baghdad hospitals. Morphological, biochemical and molecular tests were utilized for identifying E. coli isolates. The results were shown that only 80 (66.7%) of isolates were identified as E. coli. Twelve antimicrobial discs were utilized for evaluate the ability of E. coli isolate to resistant these antimicrobials. The results revealed that 98.8% of isolates were resistant to Ampicillin (AMP), followed by

The phenomenon of drought is one of the most significant environmental and climatic extreme events; it is more complex in terms of measuring, monitoring, and identifying the possible effects and hazards associated. The remote sensing index, which included the Vegetation Health Index (VHI), was used to describe the geographic and temporal distribution of the springtime agricultural drought. VHI can be calculated based on the Temperature Condition Index (TCI), Vegetation Condition Index (VCI), and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from MODIS Terra satellite data. The outcomes showed that the droughts in the years 2001–2002, 2008–2009 were th

Polarization modulation plays an important role in polarization encoding in quantum key distribution. By using polarization modulation, quantum key distribution systems become more compact and more vulnerable as one laser source is used instead of using multiple laser sources that may cause side-channel attacks. Metasurfaces with their exceptional optical properties have led to the development of versatile ultrathin optical devices. They are made up of planar arrays of resonant or nearly resonant subwavelength pieces and provide complete control over reflected and transmitted electromagnetic waves opening several possibilities for the development of innovative optical components. In this work, the Si nanowire metasurface grating polarize

 Finding a path solution in a dynamic environment represents a challenge for the robotics researchers, furthermore, it is the main issue for autonomous robots and manipulators since nowadays the world is looking forward to this challenge. The collision free path for robot in an environment with moving obstacles such as different objects, humans, animals or other robots is considered as an actual problem that needs to be solved.  In addition, the local minima and sharp edges are the most common problems in all path planning algorithms. The main objective of this work is to overcome these problems by demonstrating the robot path planning and obstacle avoidance using D star (D*) algorithm based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)

Advancements and modernizations introduced into the educational and pedagogical systems have significantly impacted teaching processes and how subjects are presented and explained to students. The focus has shifted to how learners interact with the material they need to learn, providing sufficient opportunities for learning and granting them freedom and self-confidence to achieve learning objectives. The research problem stems from the researcher's experience as a lecturer in the College of Physical Education and Sports Science, particularly in teaching basketball. She observed that some instructors were deficient in using the most effective teaching methods. The researcher formulated her research question based on these observations: "What

Objective: to identify the secondary school adolescent's obesity, and to find out the relationship between
adolescents obesity characteristics and their family history.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 537 adolescents (270 boys and 267 girls) aged 12-15
years selected by means of a multistage stratified random sampling technique.
Results: the prevalence of obesity among adolescents was 22.3%. (55.8%) of the obese adolescents were male,
(42.5%) their age is (13) years old, and (79.2%) of them coming from middle level of socio economic status score.
There are a significant relationship between obese adolescents and their family history of obesity which indicated
that obese father, and obese br

Surface water samples from different locations within Tigris River's boundaries in Baghdad city have been analyzed for drinking purposes. Correlation coefficients among different parameters were determined. An attempt has been made to develop linear regression equations to predict the concentration of water quality constituents having significant correlation coefficients with electrical conductivity (EC). This study aims to find five regression models produced and validated using electrical conductivity as a predictor to predict total hardness (TH), calcium (Ca), chloride (Cl), sulfate (SO₄), and total dissolved solids (TDS). The five models showed good/excellent prediction ability of the parameters mentioned

Pluripotent stem cells (PSC) possess unlimited proliferation, self-renewal, and a differentiation capacity spanning all germ layers. Appropriate culture conditions are important for the maintenance of self-renewal, pluripotency, proliferation, differentiation, and epigenetic states. Oxygen concentrations vary across different human tissues depending on precise cell location and proximity to vascularisation. The bulk of PSC culture-based research is performed in a physiologically hyperoxic, air oxygen (21% O2) environment, with numerous reports now detailing the impact of a physiologic normoxia (physoxia), low oxygen culture in the maintenance of stemness, survival, morphology, proliferation, differentiation potential, and epigenetic

Communication has seen a big advancement through ages; concepts, procedures and technologies, it has also seen a similar advancement of language. What unites language and media is the fact that each one of them guides and contributes to the other; media exists and results from language and from the other sign systems, and what strengthens this connection is the symbolic language system, as media helps it by providing knowledge and information. The change that occurred through time must leave a significant trace in the media, for example Diction, which has changed concerning development and growth, also the ways and mediums of media have become manifold and widespread. This change affected the recipient whether it was a reader, listener o

الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على سيد المرسلين محمد وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعين أما بعد .... ان دائرة المحرمات في الشريعة اليهودية أوسع نطاقاً عن غيرها من الشرائع، فاليهود لديهم طقوس قاسية وشديدة التعقيد في مسألة الطعام ، قد لا توجد عند غيرهم من أصحاب الديانات الأخرى ، اذ تشتمل القوانين الغذائية التي تحدد الأطعمة والأشربة المحرمة في الشريعة اليهودية على مواضيع متنوعة جداً ، حددت التوراة جميع هذه القو

 Medicine in the Al-Jahiliya was a primitive medicine confined to experiments inherited among individuals. The Arabs were interested in the work of Greek doctors and ancient Romans, such as Hippocrates, Galenos and Descaridos, whom the Syriacs had transferred to their language in a school. Who fled to escape the persecution of the Byzantine emperors of the Nestorian doctrine which they embraced. With the beginning of the Abbasid period,

دلائل نبوة محمد  rوأسس فهمها

في رسائل النور

                                     ملخّص البحث     

توصل البحث إلى أن دلائل نبوة محمد r في رسائل النور بلغت اثنتي عشر دليلاً، خمسة منها تابع الأستاذ النورسي غيره، وهي: القرآن الكريم. و

هدفت دراسة الى اعداد تمرينات خاصة باستخدام الحبال المطاطية لتطوير بعض القدرات البدنية وانجاز فعالية رمي القرص فئة (F56) للشابات، التعرف على تأثيرها في تطوير بعض القدرات البدنية وانجاز فعالية رمي القرص فئة (F56) للشابات. واستخدم الباحثان المنهج التجريبي بتصميم المجموعة الواحدة، وحددت عينة البحث بالطريقة العمدية من لاعبات منتخب الشباب للمعاقات على الكراسي من الجلوس فئة (F56) لفعالية رمي القرص. تم تطبيق المنهج الت

Wellbore instability and sand production onset modeling are very affected by Sonic Shear Wave Time (SSW). In any field, SSW is not available for all wells due to the high cost of measuring. Many authors developed empirical correlations using information from selected worldwide fields for SSW prediction. Recently, researchers have used different Artificial Intelligence methods for estimating SSW. Three existing empirical correlations of Carroll, Freund, and Brocher are used to estimate SSW in this paper, while a fourth new empirical correlation is established. For comparing with the empirical correlation results, another study's Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used. The same data t

Background: All diseases concerning bone destruction such as osteoporosis and periodontal diseases share common pattern in which the osteoclast cells are absolutely responsible for bone resorption that occurred when osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity. Osteoprotegrin (OPG) considered as novel soluble decoy receptor known as “bone protector” since it prevents extreme bone resorption through inhibition of differentiation and activity of osteoclast by competing for binding site. It binds to receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and prevent its interaction with receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK), thus inhibits osteoclast formation. TNF-α is a pro-inflammatory cytokines having

The security environment for Northeast Asia is extremely important, as it includes most of the international actors (United States of America, China, Russian Federation and Japan), which gives the nature of the interactions of these forces a special importance for the region.

Because of the multiplicity of policies and interests of the active forces in the region, the result has been an unstable regional environment where the interests of the major powers often clash repeatedly on many related issues, which is coupled with the growing efforts of many powers to adopt policies that differ from what they did in the past This resulted in different patterns of relations, which were mainly characterized by competition over regional lea

The Security Council has an active role in addressing international crises and dealing with their causes. The Libyan crisis is one of the most important real tests of the Security Council and its role in maintaining international peace and security, as the Council has proven so far an ineffective role in resolving the crisis and dealing withtheir causes, which has prolonged its duration and increased its complexities and dangerous repercussions, perhaps the most prominent of which is the threat of the recently achieved cease-fire and the formation of a new transitional government led by Abdel Hamid al-Dabaiba, the growing significant obstacles facing the political process, foremost of which is the continued presence of foreign forces , m

The study of the language through the prophetic curriculum in general and the semantics in particular through the books of Professor Abdul Salam Yassin, may God have mercy on him and the most distinctive linguistic phenomena, and then study semantics and the most prominent methods that reveal the emotions dominated by this study to indicate the semantics of religious terms In this research we try to dive into the sea of ​​significance to know the relationship between the words and their connotations, and to monitor aspects of semantic development, although we have left non-essential words in order to avoid lengthening. N or three and sometimes Aguetsarna on one example we thought it was enough to clarify the meaning.

Background: This in vitro study evaluated the fracture resistance of weakened endodontically treated premolars with class II MOD cavities restored with different composite restorations (Low-shrinkage Filtek P90, nanohybrid Filtek Z250 XT and SDR bulk fill). The type and mode of fracture were also assessed for all the experimental groups. Materials and Method: Fifty human adult maxillary premolar teeth were selected for this study. Standardized extensive class II MOD cavities with endodontic treatment were prepared for all teeth, except those that were saved as intact control. The teeth were divided into five groups of ten teeth each (n=10): (Group 1) intact control group, (Group 2) unrestored teeth with endodontic treatment, (Group 3) resto

Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and prayers and peace be upon our master Muhammad and upon his family and companions as a whole.
    The topic of attention was drawn to the attention of the speakers, as it made me ponder it carefully, and my goal in that is to know the reason for the interest of the speakers and their care for it, and to clarify from their books the purpose of making this topic one of the advanced investigations with them.

     The idea of ​​writing a paper on the subject of consideration was not absent from my thinking, because I saw the attention of speakers on this issue, as they made it one of the first issues that they deal with studying in their work

The aim of this study was to compare anatomical and histological of the kidney in three type of birds. The study revealed that, in harrier species the cranial lobe of kidney was the largest with elongated shape. In mallard the cranial lobe was small round-oval, while middle and caudal lobe were lobulated and larger .In chicken the caudal lobe was the largest. Statistically, in harrier the mean length of cranial lobe (20±0.1mm) and the width of the middle lobe (5±0.5mm) were significantly higher than those of mallard (10±0.3mm) (8.0.2mm) and chicken (15±0.2mm) (4±0.4mm) respectively. The mean weight of the kidney in harrier is (5.8±0.20g) this value significantly was higher than those of mallared (8.9±0.11g) and chicken (6.8±0.10g

Background: Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is globally acknowledged as a prominent contributor to both hospital-acquired and community infections. Understanding key virulence factors including coagulase production, hemolysis ability and biofilm formation, is crucial.
Objective: The study aimed to establish a molecular characterisation of mecA gene and virulence factors genes (hla, icaA, and coa) in clinical isolates of MRSA obtained from two hospitals in Baghdad.
Methods: A hundred and five isolates were obtained from clinical sources from November 2022 to March 2023 and their antibiotic sensitivity was assessed u

الخلفية: العنف ضد النساء مشكلة صحية عامة تصيب اكثر من ثلث النساء عالميا. ويتضمن اي ايذاء جسمي، جنسي او انفعالي فرض على النساء في العلاقات الاسرية. أثبتت دراسات متعددة في العراق ان العنف المنزلي في ازدياد خلال العقدين الاخيرين.

الهدف: لتحديد معدل انتشار العنف المنزلي ضد النساء الحوامل والعوامل المرتبطة به.

 الحالات والمنهجية: تضمنت دراسة مستعرضة اجمالي 345 امرأة حامل تم ت

This research aims at identifying problems  that the  Iraqi widow woman suffers from. The research is limited to a Sample of terrorism victims widows which is up to (70) widows from Al-Amal center for widows and orphans care in Baghdad.                                                                                <