The infrastructure is one of the basic components of the tourism industry in Iraq in general and in Najaf in particular, in spite of there are obstacles and problems that which are hindered the development of tourism in Iraq, some of them are related to the  tourism industry itself, some are related to the security and political situation, and some are related to poor management of tourism. However, the infrastructure is considered the cornerstone of the success of the tourism industry in Iraq and other countries, if it is available, it can be a potential indicator of success, and on the contrary, it is a hindrance to go forward. The aim of this research is to shed light on the availability of requirements for the s

  With the fast progress of information technology and the computer networks, it becomes very easy to reproduce and share the geospatial data due to its digital styles. Therefore, the usage of geospatial data suffers from various problems such as data authentication, ownership proffering, and illegal copying ,etc. These problems can represent the big challenge to future uses of the geospatial data. This paper introduces a new watermarking scheme to ensure the copyright protection of the digital vector map. The main idea of proposed scheme is based on transforming  the digital map to frequently domain using the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) in order to determine suitable areas to insert the watermark data.

 The present study included experimental effect of Metronidazole drug and Alcoholic extract of Nigella sativa seeds on T. vaginalis that cultivated on  i               i    Results showed that the numbers of parasite began increasing during a period after 24-48 hrs then began decreasing after 72-96 hrs, so that 72 hrs from growth considered logarithmic phase of T. vaginalis growth. Present results showed poisonous effect of N. sativa alcoholic extract that was prepared in laboratory and imported at concentrations (450, 550, 650 and 750) mg/ml on T. vaginalis by observing gradual decrease of trophozoite numbers with concentrate increase of extra

  A new chelating phenolic Schiff base containing phthalate imide pendant group resin was synthesized by three steps. The first step includes synthesis of 2-(4-aminobiphenyl-4-ylcarbamoyl) benzoic acid (1), Via reaction of pthalic anhydride with benzidine. In the second lines, the compound that we obtained in the first step was reacted with o-hydroxybenzaldehyde to obtain phenolic Schiff base 2-(4'-(2-hydroxybenzylideneamino) bephenyl-4-yl carbamoyl) benzoic acid (2) The third step includes prepared resin during intensification Schiff base derived with formaldehyde inan alkaline middle. Thepthale amice acid, Schiff base and resin were characterized by various instrumental techniques like FT-IR, ¹HNMR ,¹³CNMR an

      Entomopathogenic fungi can be ideal for the biocontrol of cockroaches since it is environment-friendly microbial pesticide. Susceptibility of second and fourth instar of nymphs and adults of the brown banded cockroach, Supella longipalpa (F.) (Blattodea: Blattellidae) to the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. at two concentrations 1x 107 and 1x 108 spore/ml was evaluated. Fungus was tested by using two different methods: bait and direct contact. Mortality was monitored after 3, 5 and 7 days’ post exposure. Direct contact of B. bassiana at concentration 1x 107 spore/ml produced mortality on adults 82.76% and for fourth and second instar of nymphs 82.76 and 93.10% after 7 daysâ

World War II has brought suffering for all people; it has led people to have a nostalgic feeling. The war has many faces all of them are ugly, like death, separation, loneliness, violence, crime, betrayal, and disconnection and many other meanings. Michael Ondaatje in his novel The English Patient (1992) portrays a picture of the effect of World War II on four different characters; Hana a Canadian nurse, The English patient who is Hungarian, Caravaggio a Canadian-Italitan thief, and Kip an Indian sapper. They live together in one house, share their secrets and memories about World War II. Ondaatje brings them together to reveal their secrets and to heal their wounds of the war experience.

إن بحثنا الموسوم (أثر القيم الإسلامية في استنباط الحكم الشرعي/ دراسة أصولية تطبيقية)، يساعد على فهم الشريعة الإسلامية وتطبيقياً. فالقيم الإسلامية تعد أساسًا لا غنى عنه في عملية استنباط الأحكام الشرعية وتوجيه السلوك الإسلامي، فالتوحيد (الإيمان بوحدانية الله) مثلاً، هو القيمة الأساسية في الإسلام، وهو أصل الأصول في فهم العلاقة بين الإنسان والله (سبحانه وتعالى). وهذه القيمة العظمى تؤثر بشكل أساسي في توجيه السل

يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على اسباب السرقة لدى تلاميذ المرحلة الابتدائية كما يراها معلموهم ومعلماتهم ، وعن الاساليب المتبعة في معالجة ظاهرة السرقة من قبلهم ، ولقد شملت عينة البحث على ( 200 ) فرداً من معلمي ومعلمات تلاميذ المرحلة الابتدائية في مدينة المكلا للعام الدراسي ( 2004 ـ 2005 ) ، وقد استخدمت الباحثة استبياناً أعدته كأداة للوصول الى اهداف البحث بعد ان تم التأكد من صدقه وثباته ، استخدمت الباحثة معادلة ارتب

تهتم المصارف والمؤسسات المالية الإسلامية في إدارتها للسيولة النقدية بمجالين رئيسين: أولهما بكيفية جذب الأموال وتعبئتها، وثانيهما بكيفية إدارة استخدام الأموال وتوظيفها، ويحتاج كلا المجالين الى أسواق ثانوية تتداول فيها الأوراق المالية، فلا معنى لإدارة السيولة النقدية من دون وجود سوق قادرة على استثمار الفائض من النقود بشراء أوراق مالية فيها، أو الى تسييل وبيع الأوراق المالية للحصول على السيولة النقدية عن

التنافس الروسي -التركي بعد الحرب الباردة

يسعى هذا البحث إلى تسليط الضوء على ظاهرة لغوية امتازت بها لغتنا العربية وهي ظاهرة (منتهى الجموع)؛ إذ إنَّ الغرض من هذا الجمع معرفة الدّلالات التي يحملُها كالمبالغة والتكثير في الضروب المختلفة من ذلك النوع، وقد أشار النحويون إلى هذه الظاهرة قديمًا، وعرضوا لها في اثناء معالجتهم للمسائل الصرفية، لكن يجب الالتفات الى قضية مهمة، هي ان كلاً من القدماء والمحدثين تناولوا هذا النوع من الجموع؛ لكنهم لم يخصصوا له باب

A general mixed finite element formulation (u - w - ) is presented in this paper. This formulation includes the inertia effects and the soil skeleton is considered compressible. The application of this formulation in solving soil dynamic problems of saturated sand is made by governing the boundary conditions concerning the pore fluid pressure. A problem of soil column subjected to an instantly applied surface loal is solved. The solid skeleton and pore fluid pressure are each modelled with ten 4- noded isoparametric elements. The results are compared with those obtained by Zienkiewic z et al. (1988)' It is concluded that the undamped response of displacement and pore pressure oscillates significantly with the increase of time step lenght

An experimental and theoretical study has been done to investigate the thermal performance of different types of air solar collectors, In this work air solar collector with a dimensions of (120 cm x90 cm x12 cm) , was tested under climate condition of  Baghdad city with a (43° tilt angel)  by using  the absorber plate (1.45 mm thickness, 115 cm height x 84 cm width), which was manufactured from iron painted with a black matt.

The experimental test deals with five types of absorber:-

 Conventional smooth flat plate absorber , Finned absorber , Corrugated absorber plate, Iron wire mesh on absorber And matrix of porous media  on absorber .

The hourly and average efficiency of the collectors

Lawful protection of the human gene conceded a moral concern regarding the future of existence human. After the discovery of the human genetic map, scientific experiments and research related to the human gene increased, negative applications of genetic engineering  in particular that violate essential human rights,  the right to human dignity to be specific. These practices represent actual challenges to the existence and diversity of current and future generations. Therefore, the presence of legal rules at the domestic and global levels is an absolute necessity to prohibit these threats and determine civil and criminal accountability for those who infringe any laws related to this issue.

The effects of incoming wakes of upstream rotor on the flow field in a low pressure turbine cascade are investigated. The flow field is studied numerically with and without inlet wake. The rotor effect is represented by moving bars that produce passing wakes at the entrance of the stator. The flow field is analyzed numerically by solving the steady and unsteady forms of the two-dimensional compressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. Steady flow is performed without wake while the unsteady flow is performed with periodic inlet wake for Reynolds number of order 105. A k- turbulence model is used to obtain the eddy viscosity. The Cartesian velocity components and pressure on a collocated (non-staggered) grid are used as depen

Objective(s): To assess the adequacy of mediation program on medical attendants practice toward care of kids with diabetic's ketoacidosis. Methodology: A quasi-experimental design that applied at teaching hospitals for pediatric in AL Ramadi city to establish the Effectiveness of Intervention Program on Nurses` Practices about Care of Children with Diabetic Ketoacidosis from 3th of March 2022 till 20 of March 2023. Non-probability (purposive) sample of (50), likewise was alienated into the study (experimental) group. The study group included (50) nurses non-randomly selected from AL-Ramadi Teaching Hospital.

A preliminary study has conducted in AL-Ramadi Teaching Hospital The whole number of nurse

The state did not witness the emergence of independent bodies because of the nature of the ruling regimes that were characterized by political tyranny represented by the king at the time, as is the case with Greece and the Greeks and Persia and the Romans and others. As for the Islamic state, which emerged later, it saw the emergence of what looks like independent bodies that we see today, There was the so-called Diwan Al-Hesba and the Ombudsman's Office as an independent body from the Islamic State, which operated independently to support the oppressed and the equitable distribution of financial resources, even though it was headed by well-known governors of justice and honesty. A state in the modern era, many countries, especially in E

This preliminary radiographic study was performed with the available instruments to describe the arterial blood supply

The aim of the research is to design educational software based on Web Quests and to measure its effectiveness in developing information search skills of students at the Department of Educational and Psychological Sciences. The research is experimental in nature using pre-post measurement. The research sample consisted of (91) male and female students from the second grade in the Department of Educational and Psychological Sciences, they were divided into two equal groups; the experimental group consisted of (47) students who adopted the educational software as a studying method, and the control group consisted of (44) students who follow the traditional method. The researchers prepared a list of skills for searching information and they

The study aims to explore the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on internet addiction among university students. The experimental method was used. The study population consisted of (100) university students (50 males, 50 females). The Research sample included (13) University students at Baghdad University addicted to the Internet (9 males, 4 females), divided into two groups:  a control group consisting of (6) individuals (4 males, 2 females) and an experimental sample consisting of (6) individuals (4 males, 2 females). The Scale of Internet Addiction by Young (1996), which was translated and modified into the Arabic language by (Moegel and Prism, 2016), was administered to the study sample. The sample was subjected to two sess

A solar cell was manufactured from local materials and was dyed using dyes extracted from different organic plants. The solar cell glass slides were coated with a nano-porous layer of Titanium Oxide and infused with two types of acids, Nitric acid and Acetic acid. The organic dyes were extracted from Pomegranate, Hibiscus, Blackberry and Blue Flowers. They were then tested and a comparison was made for the amount of voltage they generate when exposed to sunlight. Hibiscus sabdariffa extract had the best performance parameters; also Different plants give different levels of voltage.

The concept of poetics has different dimensions, part of which is related to the creative achievement, and part is related to the critical perspective. The task of this research

This study aimed to research the problematic of state and society according to Al-Farabi, or what he called "civil science" or "civil politics", including the subject of political and social philosophy.

In this paper, some commonly used hierarchical cluster techniques have been compared. A comparison was made between the agglomerative hierarchical clustering technique and the k-means technique, which includes the k-mean technique, the variant K-means technique, and the bisecting K-means, although the hierarchical cluster technique is considered to be one of the best clustering methods. It has a limited usage due to the time complexity. The results, which are calculated based on the analysis of the characteristics of the cluster algorithms and the nature of the data, showed that the bisecting K-means technique is the best compared to the rest of the other methods used.

      يتناول البحث دور أرباب الحرف والمهن في مصر خلال الفترة المملوكية (648-923هـ/1250-1517م)، مع التركيز على الفلاحة والتجارة كنموذجين رئيسيين. يستعرض الباحث الأهمية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية لهذه الفئات، مسلطًا الضوء على دور الفلاحين والتجار في دعم الاقتصاد المملوكي وتلبية احتياجات المجتمع. كما يبحث في التنظيمات المهنية وأثرها على المجتمع المملوكي، بما في ذلك النقابات والأنظمة القانونية التي كانت تحك

تهدف الدراسة إلى إبراز أثر التغيرات السياسية والاجتماعية في نشأت المستشار توماس ولزي وتعليمه. المستشار توماس وولزي (1473-1530) كان شخصية بارزة في إنكلترا خلال عصر النهضة، اشتهر بكونه رجل دين وسياسي ذا نفوذ كبير. ولد وولزي في إبسويتش ، إنكلترا، لأسرة متواضعة ، ولكنه ارتقى بسرعة بفضل تعليمه الرفيع في جامعة أكسفورد.

بدأ وولزي مسيرته الكنسية كقس صغير، لكنه اكتسب سمعته بسرعة كبيرة بفضل ذكائه ومهاراته الإدارية. د

مرت الصحافة المصرية بالكثير من المراحل، يرى البعض أن بدايتها كانت مع مجيء الحملة الفرنسية بينما يرى البعض أن الصحافة في مصر بدأت في عهد محمد علي، حيث شهدت مصر منذ توليه عهدًا جديدًا، وبدأت مظاهر التجديد تظهر على الحياة في مصر فأمر بإصدار “جورنال الخديوي” التي تضمنت شؤون البلاد وماليتها إلى جانب بعض القصص مثل ألف ليلة وليلة ثم قام بتوسيع نطاقها عام 1828 باستخدام مطبعة بولاق؛ لتتحول إلى “الوقائع المصرية” تحت

بعد الدراسة المستفيضة المتأنية الموضوعية للبيوع في أحاديث الرسول (r) مثلما أوردها الامام أبو بكر البيهقي في سننه الكبرى أتضحت جملة من الأمور وهي على النحو الآتي .

أظهرت الدراسة أن الإمام أبا بكر البيهقي . بيهقي المولد والمنشأ نيسابوري الوفاة . وقد تحصلت لأبي بكر البيهقي مكانة مرموقة ليس بين علماء خراسان فحسب بل بين علماء المسلمين عامة إذ نشأ وتربى في بيئة علمية هي مدينة بيهق الت

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