A geographic information system (GIS) is a very effective management and analysis tool. Geographic locations rely on data. The use of artificial neural networks (ANNs) for the interpretation of natural resource data has been shown to be beneficial. Back-propagation neural networks are one of the most widespread and prevalent designs. The combination of geographic information systems with artificial neural networks provides a method for decreasing the cost of landscape change studies by shortening the time required to evaluate data. Numerous designs and kinds of ANNs have been created; the majority of them are PC-based service domains. Using the ArcGIS Network Analyst add-on, you can locate service regions around any network

In this paper, the penetration of the stone column was investigated in order to get the minimum length of the stone column above which the increase in length has little advantage. The effect of using different materials in column are also studied. The material used is granular of different angle of internal friction (). The results of the investigation indicated that the effect of stone column remains constant when the ratio of the thickness of the soft clay layer to the stone column’s diameter is more than 15. The results also indicated that a pronounced effect is obtained when the angle of internal friction of the stone column material is increased.

Aspartate aminotransferase was purified from urine and serum of patients with type 2 diabetes in a 2 steps procedure involving dialysis bag and sephadex G-25 gel filtration (column chromatography). The enzyme was purified 346.23 fold with 1467% yield and 3.46 fold with 142.85% yield in urine and serum of patients with type 2 diabetes respectively. The purified enzyme showed single peak. The results of this study revealed that AST activity of type 2 diabetes urine and serum increased significantly (p<0.001) compared with control group.

Background: Genetic factors play an important role in susceptibility to Guillain Barre' syndrome. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) as part of immune system has a role in the disease process.Aim of the study: to assess the relationship between HLA-A alleles with Guillain Barre' syndrome (GBS) compared with a healthy control group using PCR-SSOP method.Type of the study: Cross-sectional study.Patients and methods:Patient's group consisted of 30 Iraqi Arab Muslims patients with Guillain Barre' syndrome that consulted the Neurological department in Neurosciences Hospital between January-2013 to January- 2014 were genotyped for HLA-A alleles. A control group consisted of 30 healthy volunteers among the staff of AL-Kindi College of Medicine that

Titanium dioxide TiO2 has been widely utilized in cleaning and sterilizing material for many clinical tools sanitary ware, food tableware and cooking and items for use in hospitals. Titanium dioxide TiO2 non toxicity and long term physical and chemical stability. It has been widely used decomposition of organic compounds and microbial organisms such as cancer cell, viruses and bacteria as well as its potential application in sterilization of medical devices. The aim of the study the effect of titanium dioxide TiO2 on some Gram negative bacteria and study their effects on some virulence factors and chromosomal DNA.In this study, we obtained (E. coli ? Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris ? Pseudomonas aeruginosa ? Klebsiella pneumonia and Ac

Numerical simulations have been carried out on the solar chimney power plant systems. This paper gives the flow field analysis for a solar chimney power generation project located in Baghdad. The continuity, Naver-stockes, energy and radiation transfer equations have been solved and carried out by Fluent software. The governing equations are solved for incompressible, 3-D, steady state, turbulent is approximated by a standard k -  model with Boussiuesq approximation to study and evaluate the performance of solar chimney power plant in Baghdad city of Iraq. The different geometric parameters of project are assumed such as collector diameter and chimney height at different working conditions of solar radiation intensity (300,450,600,750

This study aims to improve the performance of reconfigurable STAR-passive-OIRS in multiple input multiple output-based free-space optical (FSO) communication systems. The study focuses on analysing the influence of two main factors: the number of reflective elements and the location of the smart surface. STAR-RIS technology has shown great potential in improving spectrum efficiency and signal-to-noise and interference ratio (SINR) and in increasing channel gain by providing 360° coverage and reducing interference in environments with line-of-sight constraints. Results reveal that increasing the number of reflective elements enhances signal strength and improves SINR, whilst placing the smart surface closer to the source or receiver achi

Biodiesel is becoming one of the most attractive alternative biofuels for petroleum-based diesel fuels. The castor plant is one of the abundant non-edible oils found in many countries. This paper aims to study Libyan castor oil and its potential for diesel conversion. Experiments were carried out in the laboratories of the Specific Center for Training in the Oil Industries in Al-Zawiya. The oil was extracted using a Soxhlet extractor and n-hexane solvent at 60 °C. Transesterification reactions were conducted in a batch reactor (a three-neck flask was used, where the middle opening carries a reflux condensation unit) at 65 °C. The methanol-to-castor oil molar ratio was 6:1, with a catalyst concentration of 1 wt.% relative to the castor

Colonialism as a movement was very popular in Europe more than two centuries before. It aimed at controlling and exploiting several countries in Africa and Asia in addition to imposing their power and control on uninhabited islands. It received adherence and criticism as well. There also appeared activists and nations who stood against it and its practices. English novels discussed this notion greatly by pointing out the bad practices of the colonizers and how the colonized received them. This paper explores two narrative fictions that tackle the different aspects of the term. While Defoe, in Robinson Crusoe (1719), shows a colonial European figure who expresses his superiority, Wells, in “The Country of the Blind” (1904), deconstructs

This paper deals with one of the most important issues in a foreign language teaching and learning, i.e. speaking test assessment. After giving a survey of literature written on the meaning and definition of a speaking test assessment, two sections have been devoted to tackle the most important issues in this topic. Section one, which is the theoretical part of this paper, sheds light on the basic definitions of the term ‘speaking assessment’ which are, according to the researcher’s point of view, sufficient to cover the area of the study. This section based on applied linguistic theories and researches in order to enhance our understanding of the what is meant by «a speaking test assessment«In addition,it explains the most importan

This study is an attempt to investigate the semantic and syntactic features of English and Arabic verbs of eating. After surveying the literature on the meaning of verbs in both languages, three chapters address the major issues in this subject. The problem to be investigated in this study can be summarized in the following points: 1. The overlapping of semantic and syntactic features within the category of verbs of eating in English and Arabic. 2. Which semantic classification is more accurate and through which method? 3. Which classification, the semantic or the syntactic, is more important? This study hypothesized the following: 1. The semantic features are more influential in analyzing the category of verbs of eating than the syntactic

     An approach to increase the efficiency of the poultry industry is to supplement the feed additives in diets to enhance growth rates, optimize egg production, mitigate disease prevalence, and improve feed utilization. Primary constituents of poultry diets incorporate cereal grains, predominantly corn, along with wheat, barley, sorghum, and other grains. Additionally, a predominant protein source e.g. soybean meal is utilized, although alternative protein sources, both of animal and plant origin, exist. Beyond these components, the feed nutritional quality is influenced by factors such as presentation, microbial contamination, the presence of antinutritional substances, digestibility, palatability, and intestinal

Background: Dental casts come into direct contact with impression materials and other items that are contaminated by saliva and blood from a patient's mouth, leaving the casts susceptible to cross-contamination. The disinfectant solutions of the impression materials cause various adverse reactions. Therefore, disinfection of dental casts may be effective in preventing cross infection. This study was carried out to evaluate the surface hardness, dimensional accuracy, reproduction of details and surface porosity of type III, type IV and type IV extra hard dental stone after immersion in and spray by using SOLO and Sodium hypochlorite disinfectant solutions. Materials and methods: 240 Stone samples were prepared in rubber rings, A total of 60

Background: tooth debonding was one of the major reasons for denture repair. With the use of recently introduced thermoplastic denture base materials the problem of tooth debonding increased due to the nature of the bond between these materials and the acrylic teeth. This study was aimed to assess the bond of the acrylic teeth to conventional heat cure acrylic resin and to thermoplastic resin denture base material and methods to enhance it. Materials and methods: acrylic resin teeth were bonded to heat cure acrylic resin with and without wetting the ridge laps of the teeth with monomer and acrylic teeth with prefabricated retentive holes, unmodified and modified, in their ridge laps were processed with Valplast thermoplastic resin denture b

   Permeability is an essential parameter in reservoir characterization because it is determined hydrocarbon flow patterns and volume, for this reason, the need for accurate and inexpensive methods for predicting permeability is important. Predictive models of permeability become more attractive as a result.

   A Mishrif reservoir in Iraq's southeast has been chosen, and the study is based on data from four wells that penetrate the Mishrif formation. This study discusses some methods for predicting permeability. The conventional method of developing a link between permeability and porosity is one of the strategies. The second technique uses flow units and a flow zone indicator (FZI) to predict the permeability of a rock mass u

يبين هذا البحث مسألة تتعلق بالأوقات التي ورد النهي عن أداء الصلاة فيها، وهل هذا النهي عام في جميع الأمصار؟ وهل يشمل ما يُقضى من الفرائض الفائتة، وما يُؤدّى من النوافل؟ أم إن أحكام النهي عن الصلاة لها حكم خاص ومستثنى في مكّة المكرمة، ونقل أقوال العلماء في المسألة، وبيان الراجح من أقوالهم.

الأهداف: تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تعريف الفجوة الفنية في القصة القرآنية، وتهدف إلى بيان الأغراض الدينية، مع ذكر أمثلة ونماذج كشواهد على هذه الأغراض. المنهجية: تم استخدام المنهج الاستقرائي والوصفي والتحليلي، إذ عمدت الدراسة لسبر الفجوة، وتتبع الحالات التي تنطبق وأغراض الفجوة دينياً، وتحليل النموذج بما يخدم الغرض. النتائج: للفجوة الفنية أغراض دينية متعددة، منها: التناسب مع السياق، وعدم تشتت المستمع، ورعاية مقا

اهتمت الامم المتحضرة بمرحلة الطفولة البكرة ووجهت لها عناية خاصة وذلك لإيمانها بان هؤلاءهم رجال المستقبل وعماد تطورها لذا كان لابد من الاهتمام بتلك المرحلة وايجاد اساليب تعليمية حديثة تروي وتشبع حاجات الطفل الحركية والبدنية، فجاء اسلوب التعلم باللعب كوسيلة تربوية علاجية تستقل فيها انشطة اللعب في اكتساب وتوسع الآفاق المعرفية والجوانب الحركية للطفل، ونظراً لافتقار الدراسات الحالية الى مناهج تعليمية خاصة

هدفت الدراسة الى اعداد مقياس مستوى الطموح لطلبة كلية التربية الرياضية,والتعرف على مستوى الطموح لعينة البحث والفروق في مستوى الطموح بين الطلاب والطالبات,وعلى اكثر مجالات الطموح اهمية بالنسبة للطلاب والطالبات . واستخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي بالاسلوب المسحي.واشتملت عينة البحث على (270) طالب و(90) طالبة,بنسبة (36,62%) من مجتمع البحث المتمثل بطلبة كلية التربية الرياضية في جامعة بغداد.وقام الباحثان بأعداد المقياس ال

الأهداف: تهدف الدراسة إلى تحقيق جملة من الأهداف، من أبرزها: تحديد أهم القضايا المرتبطة بالتراث الأثري العراقي المُهدَّد التي تناولها الموقع خلال الفترة المحددة، والكشف عن الأُطر السردية والمعاني الرمزية المُوظَّفة في تغطية هذه القضايا، وذلك من خلال الإجابة عن التساؤل الرئيس الآتي: ما محتوى التقارير الصحفية الخاصة بتمثيل التراث الأثري العراقي المُهدَّد بالخطر في موقع الجزيرة الإخباري خلال الفتر

Investigating the strength and the relationship between the Self-organized learning strategies and self-competence among talented students was the aim of this study. To do this, the researcher employed the correlation descriptive approach, whereby a sample of (120) male and female student were selected from various Iraqi cities for the academic year 2015-2016.  the researcher setup two scales based on the previous studies: one to measure  the Self-organized learning strategies which consist of (47) item and the other to measure the self-competence that composed of (50) item. Both of these scales were applied on the targeted sample to collect the required data

The eyes of 50 fishes (Mystus pelusius) were located in protective

One of the serious problems in any wireless communication system using multi carrier modulation technique like Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is its Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR).It limits the transmission power due to the limitation of dynamic range of Analog to Digital Converter and Digital to Analog Converter (ADC/DAC) and power amplifiers at the transmitter, which in turn sets the limit over maximum achievable rate.

        This issue is especially important for mobile terminals to sustain longer battery life time. Therefore reducing PAPR can be regarded as an important issue to realize efficient and affordable mobile communication services.

The two quality management concepts of benchmarking and poor quality cost measurement have been developed completely separate from each other and without any interaction between them. Both have also experienced some shortcomings that to some extent has limited their use and results. This paper explores these shortcomings and demonstrates how benchmarking and poor quality cost measurement in some ways is similar and in other ways complement each others’ weaknesses. An integrated framework that combines the two concepts into a powerful approach for assisting an organization’s quality management work is presented. Different points of intersection between the two concepts in this integrated framework are discussed, and it is demo

We need to know the basic facts concerning planning top and bottom limits including any critical levels or the threshold over which the cost would be much higher for land development. Therefore this paper concerned with Baghdad Municipality decision No.2/1004 dated 7/12/2004. The reason behind this decision is the hope to face up at least in the severe housing crisis in the city of Baghdad. This paper attempts to know the attitude of the local community in the general through a field study of people living near such dwelling where third floors are added of. This might indicate any positive or negative effects whether on short or long-term including its effect on the theoretical side including the population growth of Baghdad, the

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of cortisol, and it is related to BMI in the chronic diseases which may increase early cardiovascular disease (CVD) in old Iraqi. The subjects were 116 adults, aged 51-71 years. Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumferences (WC) and Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) were used as a measure of adiposity. Investigation showed highly significant difference between patients in BMI ranges, most of male were in an obese weight range (48.5%), as well in women. There were no significant correlations between serum cortisol concentration and age both gender groups. While there were highly significant correlations between cortisol level and BMI, waist, and WHR (except in female subjects), also there were highly signi