The carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) is a model of Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which is metabolized to DMBA-trans-3,4-diol, an intermediate inductive of DNA mutations through alteration of DNA base pairs, initiation of chronic inflammation and excessive production of Reactive Oxygen Species which is very toxic substances in tissue. This study was aimed to investigate the preventive effects of Melatonin. DNA damage was induced by topical treatment of DMBA to the shaven part of mice skin. Animals injected with melatonin (10 mg/kg ) intraperitoneally. mice bone marrow cells were used for the determination of chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei and the percentage of mitotic index. DMBA induced significant elevat

This research was conducted in order to study the effect of explant type and some plant growth regulators on culture initiation of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni in vitro. The experiments included surface sterilization and test two types of explants (shoot tips and stem nodes) and the impact of KIN and BA and IAA and IBA in the cultures initiation. Results revealed the efficiency of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for disinfestation of explant at 0.050% concentration giving less contamination for shoot tips and stem nods (10% and 20% respectively). Results showed that shoot tips inoculated in MS medium plus KIN at 0.3 mg. L^-1

    A survey of fish species in the Iraqi marine waters was carried out for the period from November 2014 to March 2018. The list included 214 species representing 75 families.

     The family Carangidae dominated the marine fishes in Iraq, which was represented by 24 species, followed by Haemulidae with 11 species, and then Serranidae and Sparidae with nine species for each, while 34 families contained a single species only.

 A total of 250 fecal samples were collected from 1->30 days old calves,

تهدف هذه الدراسة للتعرف على السياسات اإلاسرائيلية المتبعة على الارض والمتمثلة في االاستيطان
الاستعماري والطرق التفافية، ومصادرة الاراضي وجدار الضم والتوسع العنصري، بالاضافة إلى التصنيف
الاداري للمناطق في الضفة الغربية حسب ما جاء في اتفاقية أوسلو، والتي من شأنها التأثير على تلك
المناطق، وال سيما قطاع اإلسكان الذي يعد من أهم القطاعات التي تتر كب وبالتحديد في منطقة الدراسة،
وسوف تحاول هذه الدراسة تس

Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and prayers and peace be upon our master Muhammad and upon his family and companions.
And after:
      The research dealt with an important and critical era in the history of the Seljuk State of the Romans in Asia Minor, as that country, after the assumption of Sultan Ghiath al-Din Kehsaru II in the year 634 AH / 1236 CE, was subjected to the constant Mongol threat, so the research came marked with (the Seljuk State of Rome in Asia Minor and the Mongol invasion 634 - 708 AH / 1236 - 1308 AD) The research showed the succession of the Seljuk Sultans to the rulers whose rule after the death of Sultan Alaeddin Kikbad was weak and subject to the authority of the Mongols

The aim of the current research is to find out the extent to which algebraic thinking skills are included in the mathematics textbook for the third intermediate grade for the academic year (2020-2021) by answering the main research question:What algebraic thinking skills are included in the mathematics textbook for middle third grade?The descriptive and analytical approach was used, and to achieve the goal of the research, a list of the main algebraic thinking skills and the sub-skills were prepared, and after analyzing the content of the mathematics textbook, the stability of the analysis was verified through the analysis over time and across individuals using the Holsti equation, and

     When an electron moves from one atom or molecule to another, a charge-transfer complex is formed. The other objects must be able to accept these electrons, and one entity must have free electrons or a tendency to donate them. This resembles an internal oxidation-reduction reaction more. This research aims to shed light on charge transfer complexes formed by polyenes and carotenes, which act as electron-donating molecules due to their alternating double and single bonds. This allows them to create such complexes when interacting with organic molecules that lack electrons. These complexes exhibited distinctive optical and physicochemical properties, enabling them to be adapted for a wide range of applications. In addition, the res

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic disease manifested by a decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) that leads to the progression of kidney failure and increased incidence of mortality and cardiovascular complications. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder that affects multiple organs, including the pancreas, as well as the kidneys, liver, brain, and eyes. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a component of the renin-angiotensin system, which is highly expressed in renal tubular epithelial cells. This study aims to measure ACE2 and the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) as early detection markers for DN among T2DM patients. The sample size consisted of 135 individuals, who were divided into three groups

One of the most significant environmental issues facing the planet today is air pollution. Due to development in industry and population density, air pollution has lately gotten worse. Like many developing nations, Iraq suffers from air pollution, particularly in its urban areas with heavy industry. Our research was carried out in Baghdad's Al-Nahrawan neighbourhood. Recently, ground surveys and remote sensing were used to study the monitoring of air pollution. In order to extract different gaseous and particle data, Earth Data source, Google Earth Engine (GEE), and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software were all employed. The findings demonstrated that there is a significant positive connection between data collected by ground-ba

    The main focus of research is on the nature of applications in the fields of science and technology, particularly nanotechnology. In this paper, a simple, non-toxic, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly green method was used to synthesize TiO₂ nanoparticles using the extraction of portulacaria afra plant leaves and TiCl₄ as a precursor. The synthesized titanium dioxide nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction patterns, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. The SEM image of TiO₂ nanoparticles showed a few spherical, non-agglomerated particles. The average diameter of the nanoparticles, ac

Narcissus tazetta, a member of the Amaryllidaceae family, is known to be rich in bioactive metabolites such as alkaloids, phenolics and flavonoids, which have been found in nearly every species in this family. N. tazetta cultivated in Iraq, had not previously been studied for its active components; thus, the current study used phytochemical screening and phenolic compounds estimation, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Results showed that the plant alcoholic extract was rich in alkaloids, polyphenols and flavonoids besides tannins, polysaccharides and saponins. Qualitatively; TLC and HPLC chromatogram for total phenolics and flavonoids compounds revealed the presence of Gallic acid (GA), Caffeic acid (CA), Paracumar

Background: Sinusitis is an inflammatory condition that affects the mucous membrane lining the airways. Chronic rhinosinusitis and acute rhinosinusitis are the two types. Rhinosinusitis is characterized by facial pain, congestion, and headache. Due to the widespread prevalence of sinusitis, there must be an evaluation of the case because the diagnoses are more serious in the advanced stages of the disease and impact the outcome of care. Objectives: The objective of this study was to conduct a literature evaluation of chronic and acute rhinosinusitis, risk factors, symptoms and signs of sinusitis, diagnostic, sinusitis treatment, and antibiotic treatment, as well as new databases. Conclusion:

One of the most important methodologies in operations research (OR) is the linear programming problem (LPP). Many real-world problems can be turned into linear programming models (LPM), making this model an essential tool for today's financial, hotel, and industrial applications, among others. Fuzzy linear programming (FLP) issues are important in fuzzy modeling because they can express uncertainty in the real world. There are several ways to tackle fuzzy linear programming problems now available. An efficient method for FLP has been proposed in this research to find the best answer. This method is simple in structure and is based on crisp linear programming. To solve the fuzzy linear programming problem (FLPP), a new ranking function (R

In this paper, we introduce a new complex integral transform namely ”Complex Sadik Transform”. The
properties of this transformation are investigated. This complex integral transformation is used to reduce
the core problem to a simple algebraic equation. The answer to this primary problem can than be obtained
by solving this algebraic equation and applying the inverse of complex Sadik transformation. Finally,
the complex Sadik integral transformation is applied and used to find the solution of linear higher order
ordinary differential equations. As well as, we present and discuss, some important real life problems
such as: pharmacokinetics problem ,nuclear physics problem and Beams Probem

      In this work we discuss the concept of pure-maximal denoted by (Pr-maximal) submodules as a generalization to the type of R- maximal submodule, where a proper submodule  of an R-module  is called Pr- maximal if  ,for any submodule  of W is a pure submodule of W, We offer some properties of a Pr-maximal submodules, and we give Definition of the concept, near-maximal, a proper submodule  

 of an R-module  is named near (N-maximal) whensoever  is pure submodule of  such that  then K=.Al so we offer the concept Pr-module, An R-module W is named Pr-module, if every proper submodule of  is Pr-maximal. A ring  is named Pr-ring if whole proper ideal of  is a Pr-maximal ideal, we offer the concept pure local (Pr-loc

This study was conducted to detect the concentration of lead and cadmium in baby foods, (18) samples were examined, which are the most available from various local markets in the city of Baghdad (at a rate of (9) samples of baby food consisting of cereals and (9) samples of baby foods consisting of vegetables). All samples were examined using an atomic flame absorptiometry (AAS-7000), all results showed the presence of lead and cadmium and the highest concentration value of lead in baby foods consisting of cereals (1.0986) and cadmium in baby foods consisting of vegetables (0.0015) ppm. Lead exceeded 100% limitations and cadmium did not exceed that. The results reported on the risks of contamination, as the mean daily intake (g/kg/d) for

It has been hypothesized that infection with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) may play a role in the development of autoimmune illnesses, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to investigate whether or not a history of infection with the virus is more common in RA patients compared to controls. Ninety samples ranging from 20 to 70 years old were obtained (45 patients plus 45 controls) between October 2022 and March 2023; each group included 37 females and 8 males. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients who were chosen for this study were sent with a physician report for RA regular tests at Baghdad Teaching Hospital in Baghdad Province. The apparently healthy individuals were obtained (from family, friends, and other acquaintances

Many letters and theses written on the subject of consensus, as well as in measurement,
But we tried to address a topic of consensus

Building a blind measuring guide.
 We have tried to explain the meaning of convening, then the statement of consensus in language and terminology and then the statement of measurement
Also, we have shown the types of consensus mentioned by the jurists, and this is how much was in the first topic, either
The second section included the statement of the doctrines of the blind in the matter, and then the evidence of each doctrine and discussed.
We followed it with the most correct opinion statement and concluded the research with some of the conclusions we reached through
search.

A  new  test  system  for  detecting  environment  carcinogenes and/or  mutagenes  and  their  adversary  It  has  been  induced.  One hundred and fifty   mutants   were isolated from   the basidiomycete fungus Coprinus cinereus   which were   resistant to guanine analogue S- az.aguanine .All the spontaneous and induced with UV light origin mutants were isolated from the wild type strains Bc9/6.6 and  Hd5.5

.These mutants were te ted on selective medium containing  different

concentrations of the analogue and also to their ability to usc purine bases and their degredated &nbs

تناول البحث اعداد تمرينات باسلوب الكرة الشاملة وتأثيرها في تطوير مستوى الاعداد البدني والمهاري والخططي للاعبي اندية الدرجة الممتازة بكرة القدم  حيث سنتعرف على هذه التمرينات التنافسية المصغرة باسلوب الكرة الشاملة   الهجومية والدفاعية في رفع وتطوير المستوى لاندية الدرجة الممتازة بكرة القدم. اما مشكلة البحثلاحظ الباحث هناك تفاوت في مستوى الاداء الخططي في حالتي الدفاع والهجوم عند تطبيق الواجبات

تبرزت أهمية البحث بإعداد تمرينات نفسية تعتمد على التنفس والاسترخاء لتطوير مستوى الاطمئنان النفسي للاعبي العاب القوى في المسافات الطويلة وعلى وجه الخصوص فعالية ركض 5000 متر، لان لاعيبها يقضون اوقات طويلة في التدريب الشاق  مما تكون الحاجة الى التفكير في امور بعيدة عن التدريب نوعا ما كي يستطيعون نسيان الام ومتاعب التدريب، ومن ثم يؤدي هذا المنهج الى رفع مستوى الطموح وفقاً لمنظومة فيينا الرياضية (VTS-SPORT) وتنحصر

The objective of the work was to study the changes in height and stem diameter of sunflower plants during growth stages under hardening conditions to drought tolerance. Field experiments were carried out during the spring season of 2000 and2001. Agricultural practices were made according to recommendations.Asplit-split plots design was used with three replications.The main plots included irrigation treatments:irrigation to100%(full irrigation),75and50%of available water.The sub plots were the cultivars Euroflor and Flame.The sub-sub plots represented four seed soaking treatments:Control(unsoaking), soaking in water ,Paclobutrazol solution(250ppm),and Pix solution(500ppm). The soaking continued for 24 hours then seeds were dried at room

ارتكز هدف البحث على أعداد تمرينات مركبة بأستخدام وسائل مساعدة لمهارة الدحرجة و التهديف من الجانب للاعبي كرة القدم للصالات فئة الناشئين(14-16) سنة , وقام الباحثان باستخدام المنهج التجريبي , اما مجتمع البحث فتمثل بلاعبي نادي الحرية الرياضي ممن هم بأعمار (14-16)سنة وبالغ عددهم (20) لاعباً , وتم استخراج المعاملات الاحصائية باستخدام الحقيبة الاحصائية الجاهزة (SPSS.Ver14), وبعد ذلك استنتج الباحثان إن التمرينات المركبة بوسائل

.الغرض من هذه الدراسة التعرف على العلاقات الارتباطية بين عزوم مرحلة الهبوط في قسم الرفع الى الصدر ومتغيرات الوزن على كل رجل ومساحة تمفصل الركبة لدى رباعات المنتخب العراقي للمتقدمات برفع الاثقال. وتتحقق الفائدة العلمية من التعرف على العلاقات الارتباطية بين العزوم المسلطة ومساحة التمفصل من خلال بيان المناطق ذات العزوم العالية والتي يكون فيها الرياضي اكثر عرضة للإصابة ويمكن تقليل الإصابة في المفصل من خلال ت

Free Space Optical (FSO) technology offers highly directional, high bandwidth communication channels. This technology can provide fiber-like data rate over short distances. In order to improve security associated with data transmission in FSO networks, a secure communication method based on chaotic technique is presented. In this paper, we have turned our focus on a specific class of piece wise linear one-dimensional chaotic maps. Simulation results indicate that this approach has the advantage of possessing excellent correlation property. In this paper we examine the security vulnerabilities of single FSO links and propose a solution to this problem by implementing the chaotic signal generator “reconfigurable tent map”. As synchronizat

The research problem can be summarized through focusing on the environment that surrounds students and class congestion, how these factors affect directly or indirectly the academic achievement of students, how these factors affect understanding the scientific material that the student receives in this physical environment, how classroom’s components such as seats, space With which the student can move, the number of students in the same class,  the lighting, whether natural or artificial, and is this lighting sufficient or not enough, the nature of the wall paint old or modern, is it comfortable for sight, the blackboard if it is Good or exhausted,  In addition to air-conditioning sets in summer and winter, this is on the on

مشكلة البحث تحددت في السؤال الاتي  ما تأثير استراتيجية البيت الدائري في تحصيل مادة طرائق التدريس والاحتفاظ بها وتنمية الاتجاه نحوها لدى طلاب كلية التربية الرياضية، هدف البحث هو الكشف عن تاثير استراتيجية البيت الدائري في التحصيل المعرفي والاحتفاظ بها وتنمية الاتجاه نحوها لدى طلاب كلية التربية الرياضية، منهج البحث وعينته وادواته استخدم الباحث المنهج التجريبي، فيما مثلت عينة البحث (60) طالبا موزعين على مج

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of omental flap on healing of unfixed fractured ribs in dogs. Sixteen adult local breed dogs were used, which they were divided into two equal groups (Control and Treated group). The experimental animals were pre-medicated with atropine sulfate 0.04 mg/kg BW intramuscularly, and after 10 minute anesthetized with a mixture of Ketamine hydrochloride (15 mg/kg BW)
and Xylazine hydrochloride (5 mg/kg BW) intramuscularly. In control group, the rib was fractured by wire saw and left unfixed then the muscles and skin was closed routinely. While in treated group, the rib was fractured by wire saw and a flap of omentum was put around the fractured rib, then muscles and skin were closed. Animals

Cantilever beams are used in many crucial applications in machinery and construction. For example, the airplane wing, the microscopic probe for atomic force measurement, the tower crane overhang and twin overhang folding bridge are typical examples of cantilever beams. The current research aims to develop an analytical solution for the free vibration problem of cantilever beams. The dynamic response of AISI 304 beam represented by the natural frequencies was determined under different working surrounding temperatures ((-100 ℃ to 400 ℃)). A Matlab code was developed to achieve the analytical solution results, considering the effect of some beam geometrical dimensions. The developed analytical solution has been verified successfully wi