تنتمي إمارة الكنوز الى قبيلة ربيعة العربية ، التي استوطنت في ارجاء شبه الجزيرة العربية في تهامة والحجاز ونجد واليمامة ، وجاءت تسميتهم بالكنوز للقب (كنز الدولة) الذي لقبه الخليفة الحاكم بأمر الله لأميرهم أبي المكارم هبة الله .

   يعود تأسيس إمارتهم الى أحد زعماء ربيعة ويدعى أبو مروان بشر بن اسحاق سنة 332هـ/ 943م ، وتأثر الكنوز باللهجات المحلية السائدة في بلاد النوبة واشتركوا مع الدناقلة في ذلك ، و

بوغوص بك يوسفيان من بين الشخصيات المهمة التي تركت بصماتها الواضحة في تاريخ مصر وهو ارمني الاصل، كان سنداً لمحمد علي باشا في المسائل المالية والتجارية والخارجية ووثق به محمد علي باشا واعتمد عليه في كل ما يخص شؤون مصر وكان اول مسيحي في مصر منح لقب بك.

The research aims to identify the effect of the strategy of imagination, organization, focus, sharing, and publishing on the scientific attitudes of fifth-grade science students. To achieve the research objective, the researcher adopted the experimental approach. A sample of 61 students from Al-Shatra Preparatory School for Boys was chosen. The sample was split into two groups: 30 students were selected as the experimental group, taught by adopting the strategy of imagines, organize, focus, share, and publish; 31 students were the control group who followed the traditional method in learning. The researcher developed a scale to measure the scientific attitudes of the research sample, in addition to an achievement test. The results showed

The current research aims to investigate the effect of teaching using Posner and colleagues' model on the conceptual change of misconceptions among female basic ninth-grade students in biology, specifically the human digestive system. The research used a quasi-experimental approach. The research sample consisted of 37 female students divided into two groups: an experimental group with 18 female students, who were taught using Posner and his colleagues' model of conceptual change. a control group with 19 female students who were taught using the traditional method. To achieve the objectives of the research, an achievement test for the unit was developed. The result showed that students have misconceptions about this unit, ranging between

هدف البحث الحالي التعرف الى مستوى التنور الكيميائي عند طالبات المرحلة المتوسطة في المدارس الحكومية النهارية التابعة الى مديرية تربية الرصافة الثالثة للعام الدراسي (2024ـ 2025)م، وتحقيقا لهدف البحث قامت الباحثتان بإعداد مقياس التنور الكيميائي الذي يتكون من (54) عبارة موزعة على ثلاثة مجالات (المعرفي، المهاري، الوجداني)، وتم تطبيقه على عينة البحث البالغة (200) طالبة، وتم التأكد من صدقه وثباته وخصائصه السايكومترية و

   يُعَدُّ الجانب العماري والفني ركناً مهما في الدراسات الإثارية ، بل ويُسهم بشكل كبير وفعَّال في التوصل إلى حقائق الدراسات الاثارية وتزداد الحاجة الى التوثيق في الدراسات الاثارية عندما تكون هناك ظروف قد تأثر على هوية هذه الاثار وبيان اهميتها والتنويه الى دراسة كل ما يتعلق بها لأنها قد تكون عرضة للسقوط بسبب الظروف المناخية او للتهديم والتخريب المتعمد كما حدث في النماذج التي سنقوم بدراستها.

فكان لز

Abstract
The use of electronic valves is commonly available. yet, the most
common is the techniques of communications as prod casting transmitter that
are used by these valves in addition to their use in communication tools as far
distance telephone, electronic measuring techniques , and others.
In this study, an attempt is endeavored for improving the efficiency of the
vacuum micro- valves(GI-19b) through activating their internal surfaces by the
use of ionic pumping which is used for treating valves which are out of order
(because of sedimentation some materials and oxide on its poles). The
existence of these materials and oxide increase the sum of current leakage
moving in between. The use of ionic pumpin

نبعت الحياة الاجتماعية والدينية في مدينة شيراز في بيئة وواقع مهم، والشيء المهم فيها تغلغل العلماء فيها، ودورهم  في الحياة العامة، فقد كانت بلاد فارس قبل الفتح العربي الاسلامي تعاني كثير من قبضة الذل والقهر والقوة التي فرضها النظام السياسي والواقع الاجتماعي والاقتصادي الذي ترك آثار سلبية على عوائد واحوال اهل تلك البلاد. وعندما فتح العرب المسلمون تلك البلاد، و انتشر فيها الاسلام بدأت تتغير احوال اهلها فص

Four genotypes of faba bean Vicia faba L. (Aknadcge, FlIP-17-078FB, FLIP-17-072FB and Fiedo were carried out during 2020-2021 winter season in year under four levels of phosphorus (0.0 18,36 and 54 Kg ha^-1) at the farm of field crops department, college of Agricultural Engineering science, University of Duhok, the experiment unit ranged in factorial within randomized complete block design with three replications. The result show significant effect of faba bean genotypes for all studies traits except plant height and main branches per plant and number of seed per plant, while the phosphorus level exhibited highly significant effect on all studies traits except plant Height and main branches the interaction betw

The aim of this experiment was studying the efficacy dietary dried powders’ of ecofriendly natural antioxidants of beetroot (Br), grape pomace (Gp) and willow (W) in two concentrations 0.5 and 1 % as an anti-heat-stressor and their impacts on performance and thermo-tolerance state on broiler’s housed under thermal-stress averaged (33◦C). 630 Ross-308day-old-chicks were used. The treatments were applied after 2 weeks of starter feeding as beginning grower feed then finisher diet until 42d marketing age. The treatments were as follow: T1:Control (basal diet BD); T2 (1% Br+BD); T3 (0.5% Br+BD); T4 (1%GP+BD); T5 (0.5%GP+BD); T6 (1%W+BD); T7 (0.5%W+BD). Complete Random Design (CRD) used on three replicates/treatment; thirty bird

Mature leaves fully expanded, undamaged were used in this study for leaf anatomy (blade, midrib and petiole) for 12 taxa of subgenera Prunus and Cerasus (P. cerasifera Ehrh., P. domestica subsp. domestica L., P. domestica subsp. syriaca (Borkh.) Janchen ex Mansfeld, P. domestica subsp. insititia (L.) C. K. Schneid, P. domestica subsp.  italica (Borkh.) Gams ex Hegi, P. armeniaca var. armeniaca, P. armeniaca cv. Saeede Meraime, P. microcarpa var. pubescens (Bornm.) Meikle, P. micr

The goal of this research is to detect flavonoids in Polygonum multiforum and use these extracts in the phyto-synthesis of (CdO NPs) Nano-particles (CdO, CdO2) and characterize them.  The HPLC examination yielded five compounds: Emodin (29.55%), followed by Aloe-emodin (24.52%), Chrysophanol (19.24%), Rhein (16.61%), and Physcion (10.06%). Two techniques were utilized to synthesize NPs, and the average size (by AFM) was (83.26 and 86.14) nm for the first and second procedures, respectively. SEM analysis revealed that process 1 produced Nano-rod particles with diameters ranging from (20-50) nm, whereas procedure 2 produced hexagonal Nano-plate crystals with a single Nano-scale size (20-100) nm. TEM pictures s

تميزت القصور في بلاد الرافدين عامة والآشورية خاصة ولاسيما في العصر الآشوري الحديث بفخامتها وسعتها واحتوائها على مرافق كثيرة وبروعة بنائها بالحلان والرخام (المرمر)، وقد تم الكشف عن بقايا العديد من القصور في آشور وكلخو(بوتسفيت، 1991 ، ص133) وخورسباد(باقر  و سفر، 1966 ، ص35)، ونينوى(باقر  و سفر، 1966، ص24)، إذ تميزت العمارة في العصر الآشوري الحديث بأنها أغنى مراحل التطور العماري الهندسي في بلاد الرافدين(سعيد، 1985، ص166

          تتمتع الكلاب في حضارتي بلاد الرافدين و وادي النيل بنوع من التقديس وصل حد التأليه نتيجة لأهمية هذا الحيوان في حياة الناس خاصة في عمليات الصيد والرعي التي كان دور الكلب فيها محوريا اذ شكل وجوده مع بني البشر منذ العصور المبكرة عاملا مساعدا في تلك العمليات لغرض الحصول على الطعام ،ثم تطورت أهمية الكلب في كلا الحضارتين و ظهر له نشاط ومهام أخرى في ساحة الفكر الاعتقادي أذ أدخل في الممار

• ان اقتصاد بلاد الرافدين القديمة كان قائما بالدرجة الاساس على الزراعة والصناعة والتجارة لكن تكن الزراعة وحدها الي أسهمت في انعاش الوضع الاقتصادي في بلاد الرافدين, فقد كان للصناعة أثر كبير في استقرار الحياة الاقتصادية, والتي أسهمت برفع المستوى الاقتصادي من خلال تشغيل العديد من الايادي العاملة وتصدير الفائض منه إلى الدول المجاورة.
• عمل ملوك بلاد الرافدين على تأمين المواد الأولية من خلا

This study was aimed to investigate the morphologic, macroscopic, and microscopic description with the paper pulp quality index was determined to facilitate its increased use and to analyze the variation of wood properties. Among different morphological characteristics Q. aegilops registered mean height (13.63 m) and diameter (26.04 cm), while bark thickness represented from 7.2 to 15.6mm. Average bark and wood percent was noticed (8.22%) and (91.78%) of the total volume, with annual ring growth width (3.17mm) that considered a slow-growing species. The highest heartwood proportion of stem volume was 75.32% and the lowest 42.01% with a mean of 61.46%. The sapwood proportion ranged between 23.68 and 57.99% with a mean of

This study aimed to prepare and characterize  a gas sensor based on porous silicon embedded with CdS using the laser-assisted chemical bath deposition method. The structural and optical properties of CdS thin film prepared at deposition time of 30  min were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and  UV-Vis spectrophotometer.  The (XRD) results showed that the deposited CdS film was crystalline and the crystallinity of the film improved after using laser during deposition of the film.  The value of optical energy gap  of the CdS film deposited without and with laser irradiation were found to be  2.5 eV

تعد القبيلة الاساس في تكوين المجتمع اليمني القديم ولقد حافظ هذا النظام على ديمومته حتى الان ...،

أن النظرة الخاصة للقبيلة هي التي حملت أهل الأنساب والأخبار على أطلاق لفظة القبيلة على الحضر ايضا، ولقد كان للزراعة أثراً في استقرار النظام القبلي ...،

من الطبقات الاجتماعية في اليمن القديم :

الطبقة العليا (الملوك) ... والطبقة الدنيا (العبيد والموالي) ... والخدم (الذين يعملون في الأرض ويباعون ويشترون) ...

تعتبر دراسة الأختام الإسلامية من الدراسات المهمة في الفنون الإسلامية، وهي تعد وثيقة مهمة تكشف لنا اسماء وألقاب وكنى وآيات وعبارات قرآنية وغير قرآنية، وقد عملت أغلبها من الأحجار الكريمة وأخيرًا اعتنت المتاحف العالمية بها كونها تمثل أنواع الخطوط العربية وغير العربية، وهذا دليل واضح بأهميتها فقد خصصت لها عروض خاصة بها وكتلوكات توضح الحجر الذي عملت منه وأحجامها وأوزانها وكل ما يتعلق بها.

خلفية : تسمم الدم هو حالة شائعة في الأطفال الذين يعانون أعتلال ناتجة معدلات وفيات عالية. وتعريفا على أنها وجود البكتريا في الدم وغالبا" ما يرتبط التهاب حاد ، وأسماء بديلة (تسمم الدم ، جرثم الدم ، الأنتئان، متلازمة الأستجابة الألتهابية الجهازية).

الهدف: دراسة العوامل المسببة ،حساسية المضادات الحيوية  وتحديد الجنس من تسمم الدم عند الأطفال الداخلين في مستشفى ا

The investigation-included experiments were conducted to investigate the local and average mixed

convection heat transfer coefficient for thermally developing and fully developed hydrodynamically laminar airflow in an inclined annulus. The experimental setup, using an aluminum annulus having a radius ratio of (0.41) and the inner tube with a heated length of (0.85m) with constant wall heat flux boundary conditions. The investigation covered Reynolds number range from (332 to 1128) and heat flux varied from (82w/m² to 545w/m2). The air is developed hydrodynamically by using the entrance section annulus (calming section) having the same inner and outer diameter as a test section but with variable lengths. The entrance sections inc

This study aimed to investigate the specific adsorption of heroin made from morphine that extracted opium. Using acrylamide and n-iso propyiacrylamide as the functional monomers, n,n′-methylenebisacrylamide as the crosslinker, and benzoyl peroxide as the initiator. At bulk heroin concentrations of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 ppm in ethanol solution, this MIP's maximum heroin adsorption capacity of 3.87 mg/g at used 0.2 gm acrylamide as monomer which was among the best capacities documented in the literature to date. The adsorption capacity, selectivity separation, reusability, and chemical stabilities of the molecularly imprinted polymers were confirmed by thermodynamic analysis, experimental characterization, adsorption investigat

The current research aims to identify the impact of the R.E.A.C.T. strategy on the achievement of sixth-grade science students in biology. The research sample consisted of 65 students, divided into 33 students as an experimental group and 32 students as a control group. A partially controlled experimental design was chosen for the experimental and control groups, with a pretest to implement the experiment. To achieve the research objective, the researchers developed a test of 40 items. The results revealed that the experimental group outperformed the control group in achieving biology achievement. In light of the results, it was concluded that the Ministry of Education's Directorate of Preparation and Training must provide specialized tr

An efficient protocol for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of tomato cultivars Sandra and Rocky was conducted to examine the possibility of producing transgenic tomato plants cultivars harbouring the nptII gene, conferring kanamycin resistance. To achieve this aim, tomato cotyledon explants were transformed using EHA105 Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain harboring the binary vectors pBI121 which contains Gus gene, and neomycin phosphotransferase II (nptII) as selectable marker gene under the control of a CaMV35S promoter and nopaline synthase (nos) Terminator. Transformant detection was carried out in three distinct ways. First antibiotic selection, Kanamyc

During the filed survey of   140-160 kilometers region and on both sides of the highway west of Ramadi city in the western desert district of Iraq, and in late spring of 2019, confirmed the recorded of the Ogastemma genus for the first time in Iraq, which was characterized by being a monotypic genus belonging to Boraginaceae family and represented by Ogastemma pusillum. After the identification of the species, which was based on the Flora of the neighboring countries, the species was studied taxonomically. The study worked on describing and photographing all the vegetative and floral parts, anatomy of stem, stomatal complex in leaves, and pollen grains. The plant specimens were preserved under the numb

The study area was chosen in the district of the western Jadwal in Karbala governorate - Iraq, which is located between E44^o05'10'' to  E44^o13'03'' and  N32^o38'30'' to N32^o27'40'', as 100 locations were identified for the depth of 0-30 cm by auger hole  sampling method samples were obtained from each site, and kept laboratory measurements. The results of the study showed that the dominant soil texture is medium clay and silt are the predominant separates in the soil. As for the salinity of the soil represented by electrical conductivity, it was low of the dissolution the salts and the land use for cultivation besides the presence of a drainage network a percentage of the

Three identically designed systems named designate as MFC-CW, CW1,and CW2 were constructed and setup in this study for simultaneous biotreatment of real petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) and bioelectricity generation. The three systems were planted with emergent wetland plant of Canna indica. These systems were operated simultaneously in a single batch mode to identify the dominant mechanism for organics removal from PRW. The operation period for each cycle was 8 days.  Results demonstrated that maximum removal efficiency of the organic content represented as chemical oxygen demand (COD) were 96.5%, 89.3%, and 91%

This study was aimed to identify dermatophytic selective isolate using PCR technique as a rapid molecular assay. The results of this study showed among 60 samples of patients suffering from ringworm  disease. forty isolates (66%) were Trichophyton  mentagrophytes  which diagnosed as dermatophytosis according to morphological and cultural methods. In order to investigate the ability of isolates to keratin analyses using solid medium supplemented with keratin azure , the results revealed that 20 isolates appeared best ability to keratin analysis and nine isolates had best ability for keratinase production in submerged culture.

Females of Colobomatus asiaticus Hayward, 1996 have been collected from prepercular canal of silver sillago Sillago sihama (Forsskål, 1775) from Iraqi marine waters during May 2016 and December 2017. The present work confirmed the original description of the species by possessing combination of characters: Short and rounded thoracic lobes and both third leg and genital segment with one seta. The present report Colobomatus asiaticus considered the new record from Iraq. Detail measurements of different body parts of female were given for the first time.

<span lang="EN-US">The use of bio-signals analysis in human-robot interaction is rapidly increasing. There is an urgent demand for it in various applications, including health care, rehabilitation, research, technology, and manufacturing. Despite several state-of-the-art bio-signals analyses in human-robot interaction (HRI) research, it is unclear which one is the best. In this paper, the following topics will be discussed: robotic systems should be given priority in the rehabilitation and aid of amputees and disabled people; second, domains of feature extraction approaches now in use, which are divided into three main sections (time, frequency, and time-frequency). The various domains will be discussed, then a discussion of e