Alloys of GaxSb1-x system with different Ga concentration (x=0.4, 0.5, 0.6) have been prepared in evacuated quartz tubes. The structure of the alloys were examined by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and found to be polycrystalline of zincblend structure with strong crystalline orientation (220). Thin films of GaxSb1-x system of about 1.0 μm thickness have been deposited by flash evaporation method on glass substrate at 473K substrate temperature (Ts) and under pressure 10-6 mbar. This study concentrated on the effect of Ga concentration (x) on some physical properties of GaxSb1-x thin films such as structural and optical properties. The structure of prepared films for various values of x was polycrystalline. The X-ray diffraction analy

I

In this study, optical fibers were designed and implemented as a chemical sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to estimate the age of the oil used in electrical transformers. The study depends on the refractive indices of the oil. The sensor was created by embedding the center portion of the optical fiber in a resin block, followed by polishing, and tapering to create the optical fiber sensor. The tapering time was 50 min. The multi-mode optical fiber was coated with 60 nm thickness gold metal. The deposition length was 4 cm. The sensor's resonance wavelength was 415 nm. The primary sensor parameters were calculated, including sensitivity (6.25), signal-to-noise ratio (2.38), figure of merit (4.88), and accuracy (3.2)

A disease of the reproductive system known as "infertility" is characterized by the inability to conceive after twelve months or more of sexual activity. This study was carried out to investigate the level of the DAZ protein in “Azoospermia” Iraqi patients. One hundred and fifty human blood samples were collected from different regions in Baghdad governorate include (private medicals Labs and “high institute for infertility diagnosis” assisted reproductive techniques and Kamal Al- Samara'ay IVF Hospital). The control group (fertile) consists of 50 males with an age range between 22-51 years old, while the patient (infertile group) consists of 100 sample males with ages ranging between 25-51 years old. The correlation of mean age for

   Ketoconazole (KET), an imidazole derivative with well-known antifungal properties, with poor aqueous solubility, therefore its topical clinical use has practical disadvantages. Bilosome plays an important role in topical drug delivery as they can reduce toxicity and modify dermal drug targeting by acting as a drug reservoir that can adjust the drug release rate.

This research aimed to formulate and optimize KET bilosomes to enhance its dissolution and topical antifungal activity. 

Ten KET bilosomes formulas were prepared by probe sonication method using two types of non-ionic surfactants (Span 40 or Span 60) along with cholesterol and sodium deoxycholate (SDC) as lipid strengthen and bil

The aim of this study was to produce flexible films by combining polylactic acid (PLA) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and enhance their strength by reinforcing them with different weight percentages (0.75, 1.5, and 2.25%) of zirconium oxide (ZrO₂) nanoparticles (NPs) using a solvent casting process. The physical and antibacterial properties of the films were analysed to determine their suitability for use in food packaging. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the PLA/PCL films containing 2.25% by weight ZrO₂ nanoparticles have a peak at an angle of 2θ = 17.18°, accompanied by smaller peaks. This confirms that these thin films have a semi-crystalline structure and that the molecules in the thin films are well dis

Effect of copper doping and thermal annealing on the structural and optical properties of Zn0.5Cd0.5S thin films prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis have been studied. Depositions were done at 250°C on glass substrate. The structural properties and surface morphology of deposited films were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and photomicroscope (PHM) techniques. XRD studies reveal that all films are crystalline tetragonal structure. The film crystallinity are increased with 1% Cu-doping concentration and also increased for the films annealed at 300°C than the other studied cases. The lattice constant 'a' and 'c' varies with doping concentrations from 5.487Å to 5.427Å and 10.871Å to 10.757Å respectively. The grain size attained

In this study, the fission track registration technique with the CR-39 detector are using to determination the uranium concentrations for seventeen samples of teeth distributed in four districts in Baghdad City .Five samples taken from both Al-Durra District and Al-Jadiriyia District, Four samples taken from Al-Karrda (Alaatar street) Taken four samples and three samples taken from Al-Zuafrania and by 0.5gm in weight and 1.5 mm in thickness. The uranium concentrations in teeth samples measured by using fission tracks registration in (CR-39) track detector that caused by the bombardment of (U) with thermal neutrons from (²⁴¹ Am-Be) neutron source that has flux of (5 ×10³ n cm^-2 s^-1). The concen

In this work, (CdO)1-x (CoO)x thin films were prepared on glass slides by laser-induced plasma using Nd:YAG laser with (λ=1064 nm) and duration (9 ns) at different laser energies (200-500 mJ) with ratio (x=0.5), The influence of laser energy on structural and optical properties has been studied. XRD patterns show the films have a structure of polycrystalline wurtzite. As for AFM tests results for the topography of the surface of the film, where the results showed that the grain size and the average roughness increase with increasing laser energy. The optical properties of all films were also studied and the results showed that the absorption coefficient for within the wavelength range (280-1100 nm), The value of the optical power gap fo

لخلفية:الجوافة، هو نبات استوائي غني بالعديد من المكونات الكيميائية النباتية وله العديد من الاستطبابات التقليدية التي حددتها الدراسات السابقة. ينتمي نبات الجوافة إلى الفصيلة الآسية، أفادت العديد من الدراسات السابقة عن نشاط دوائي خاص ضد العديد من خطوط الخلايا السرطانية. الأهداف : تركز هذه الدراسة على عزل المركبات الفينولية من أوراق الجوافة المزروعة حديثاً في العراق وتقييم النشاط السام للخلايا لمستخل

أن حكام كرة القدم يواجهون عدداً كبيراً من حالات لعب متعددة واعتراضات كثيرة في المباريات وتتجدد هذه الحالات من مباراة الى أخرى لذلك يتحـتم عليـهم عدم التأثر لها وأتخاذ القرارات والتصرف الصحيح الملائم لجميع المواقف، وأن يكون الطاقم التحكيمي مرناً وذات كفاءة عالية في التعامل مع الأشخاص مع المحافظة والالتزام بضوابط وقوانين اللعبة وأن لايتأثر بالضغوط والتغيرات السلبية والايجابية المحيطة به.

وان مستوى إد

              Cefdinir (CEF) is classified as a third-generation cephalosporin within class IV of the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS). Consequently, it exhibits limited solubility in water, which might diminished oral bioavailability. This study aimed to compare CEF in different engineered product. Specifically, the CEF was physically mixed with co-former and then processed using different methods such as co-amorphous system formation with curcumin, binary solid dispersion with polyvinylpyrrolidone k30 (PVP) and with soluplus and ternary solid dispersion with curcumin and PVP using solvent evaporation method. The products were subjected to characterization usi

Nanoparticles are a special group of materials with unique features and extensive applications in diverse fields. The use of nanoparticles of some metals is a viable solution to stop infectious diseases due to the antimicrobial properties of these nanoparticles. The present work demonstrates the effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the antibacterial activity of four different antibiotics (amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, and penicillin) against eleven Gram-positive and Gram-negative isolates. Disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibacterial activity of various classes of antibiotics in the absence and presence of sub-inhibitory silver nanoparticles of concentration (80 microgram/ml). A synergistic effect was o

Background: The main mechanisms thought to be involved in the pathophysiology of acute renal failure with vancomycin treatment are oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis.  In this study we evaluated the potential effects of sulbutiamine, thiamine, riboflavin and their combinations on vancomycin-induced acute renal failure as well as the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: a model of vancomycin-induced acute renal failure was performed on male rats. Forty-two rats were separated randomly into seven groups:  group 1 (a control group), group 2 (induction vancomycin group) given 200mg/kg at 3^rd week, group 3 (sulbutiamine + vancomycin), group 4 (thiamine + vanc

Meclizine Hydrochloride (MCZ) is an effective antihistamine for the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting, with low oral bioavailability (about 30 to 40%) due to low water solubility. The purpose of the current study was to develop and characterize a thermo-responsive nasal in-situ gel for MCZ. To enhance the solubility of MCZ, an inclusion complex with Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) was prepared and characterized. The prepared complex was utilized in the preparation of thermosensitive in situ gels using the cold method. Twelve formulations were developed by employing various concentrations of Poloxamer 407, either alone or in combination with Poloxamer 188. Additionally, hydroxypropyl methylcellulos

This study aims to show some of Imam Al-Bukhari's criticism of the Hadith from the Metn side, and part of his methodology in dealing with the correct hadiths that are tainted by a bug. This research focuses on what Imam Al-Bukhari summarized in his Sahih illusion of the narrator in his attribution, or uniqueness of the narrator, or to suggest a novel. We find that Bukhari sometimes abbreviates the hadeeth, and does not bring it out completely in his Sahih. He is satisfied with the abbreviated position but has done so because of a bug in it. The Bukhari usually does not declare his intention but knows this through tracking, inspection, and research of the correct hadiths.

Psidium guajava) is a compact tropical tree or shrub belonging to the Myrtaceae family. Originally native to tropical America, The literature survey has unveiled the diverse medicinal properties of guava, which have been documented worldwide through ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological surveys so it is newly cultivated in Iraq, this research is considered the first of its kind to extract essential oil from guava leaves and fatty acid from petroleum ether fraction of guava leaves newly cultivated in Iraq to identify the compounds present and test the cytotoxic activity of petroleum ether fraction on HEPG2 cell line. The extraction of essential oil (EO) from (Guava) leaves was carried out using the hydro distil

تجلت مشكلة البحث بوجود بطأ في سرعة التحرك داخل الملعب و بعض القدرات الحركية عند عينة البحث تطرق الباحث إلى مفهوم الرؤية البصرية وأهميتها بلعبة التنس الارضي وتحسين تركيز الانتباه البصري ودقة اداء مهارة الارسال، وتجسدت مشكلة البحث في ادخال تمرينات الرؤية البصرية الى المناهج التعليمية محاولة من الباحث لمعالجة الضعف لدى طالبات المرحلة الثالثة لتحسين تركيز الانتباه البصري ودقة اداء مهارة الارسال بالتنس الار

         Cardiovascular disorders  are  refer to the class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels (arteries and veins). While the term technically refers to any disease that affects the cardiovascular system. Cholesterol is classified as a sterol (a contraction of steroid and

Using photo electrochemical etching technique (PEC), porous silicon (PS) layers were produced on n-type silicon (Si) wafers to generate porous silicon for n-type with an orientation of (111) The results of etching time were investigated at: (5,10,15 min). X-ray diffraction experiments revealed differences between the surface of the sample sheet and the synthesized porous silicon. The largest crystal size is (30 nm) and the lowest crystal size is (28.6 nm) The analysis of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) were used to research the morphology of porous silicon layer. As etching time increased, AFM findings showed that root mean square (RMS) of roughness and po

هدف البحث الى التعرف على أثر دائرة التعلم السباعية في تعلم بعض مهارات الحركات الأرضية، واستخدمت الباحثة المنهج التجريبي وشارك في هذه الدراسة عينة من تلاميذ الصف الخامس الابتدائي في المدرسة العالمية في زيونة، وشملت المهارات الحركية المدروسة مهارة الوقوف على اليدين ومهارة العجلة البشرية ومهارة القفزة العربية، وبعد تطبيق المنهج التعليمي لمدة ثمانية أسابيع بواقع وحدتين تعليمين في الأسبوع أظهرت النتائج تفو

هدفت الدراسة الى إعداد تمرينات هوائية لطالبات الثانوية المصابات بداء السكري النوع الأول والتعرف على تأثير التمرينات الهوائية في الهيموكلوبين السكري – الكلايكولي (HBA1C)، والتعرف على تأثير التمرينات الهوائية على ضغط الدم فضلا عن التعرف على تأثير التمرينات الهوائية على صور الدهون (اللايبوبروتينات الدهنية) لدى طالبات الثانوية المصابات بداء السكري النوع الأول. واستخدم الباحثان المنهج التجريبي وشملت الدراسة ع

The self-awareness interactions reflects with emotions,assess the child in respect to its relations with the social standards; they are not merely simply reactions , but rather they connect with his moral behavior and other 's thinks. When the self- awareness gets developed with emotions within the child , the latter become highly sensitive, causing him prone to be blamed . AS a result , the children test the self –awareness interactions with emotions and in age 3 years , where the self –awareness interactions with emotion clearly link to the self- assessment. The children in stage of kindergarten could not describe the self-awareness interactions accurately ; they test it under different circumstances in comparison to the youngest o

The aim of this research is to identify the strengths and weaknesses of organizational health in the Iraqi Central Handball Federation from the point of view of those who manage the implementation of the annual curriculum, and adopt a descriptive approach in the method of studying the case. This is based on a sample of administrators of the Iraqi Handball Federation curriculum [trainers, governors, members, president, the 138 members of the Central Federation's Administrative Authority, the President, members of the sub-federations of the sports market (2021/2022) selected deliberately by 100% and then divided into statistical analysis sample (30), reconnaissance sample (10), and application sample (98)]. The regulatory health questionnaire

 Fusobacterium are compulsory anaerobic gram-negative bacteria, long thin with pointed ends, it causes several illnesses to humans like pocket lesion gingivitis and periodontal disease; therefore our study is constructed on molecular identification and detection of the fadA gene which is responsible for bacterial biofilm formation. In this study, 10.2% Fusobacterium spp. were isolated from pocket lesion gingivitis. The isolates underwent identification depending on several tests under anaerobic conditions and biochemical reactions. All isolates were sensitive to Imipenem (IPM₁₀) 42.7mm/disk, Ciprofloxacin (CIP₁₀) 27.2mm/disk and Erythromycin (E₁₅) 25mm/disk, respectively. 100% of

This study examined the effects of water scarcity on rural household economy in El Fashir Rural Council / North Darfur State- western Sudan. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used as to get a deeper understanding of the impact of water scarcity on the rural house economy in the study area. 174 households out of 2017 were selected from 45 villages which were distributed in eight village councils forming the study area. Statistical methods were used to manipulate the data of the study. The obtained results revealed that water scarcity negatively affected the rural household economy in the study area in many features. These include the followings: much family efforts and time were directed to fetch for water consequentl

تُعبّرُ الصُّورةُ الحسَّيةُ في شعرِ ابن دُنَينير الموصليِّ^([i]) في بنيتها عن تجربةِ الشاعرِ الوجدانيةِ والذهنيةِ, وأفكارهِ ومشاعرِهِ؛ فيصوغُ بها مَفهومًا جديدًا للواقعِ الماديِّ والمعنويِّ، الذي يتسمُ بالوضوحِ أولاً، وبالقرْبِ من الذهنِ ثانيًا، للربْطِ بين الحواسِّ الإنسانيةِ والمعاني الذهنيةِ، لِتُقَدِّمَ الصُّورةُ الحسيَّةُ إلى ((المتلقي صُورًا مرئيةً، يُعادُ تشكيلُها سياق

Artificial roughness on the absorber plate of a Solar Air Heater (SAH) is a popular technique for increasing its effective efficiency. The study investigated the effect of geometrical parameters of discrete multi-arc ribs (DMAR) installed below the SAH absorber plate on the effective efficiency. The effects of major roughness factors, such as number of gaps (Ng = 1-4), rib pitch (p/e = 4-16), rib height (e/D = 0.018-0.045), gab width (wg/e = 0.5-2), angle of attack ( = 30-75), and Reynolds number (Re= 2000-20000) on the performance of a SAH are studied. The performance of the SAH is evaluated using a top-down iterative technique. The results show that as Re rises, SAH-effective DMAR's efficiency first ascends to a specified value o

This study wass carried out to investigate the incedence of powdery mildew disease on ornamental plants (Nasturtium) Tropaeolum majus L. caused by Oidiopsis haplophylli in some nurseries of Baghdad area and in fields at college of Agriculture /University of Baghdad. This study was conducted in tow succesive seasons of 2011-2012 (April and May). The survey indicated that the Mildew disease existe in the following nurseries (Al-Adhamiya 97.5% ,Palestine street 93.8%, Zayouna 86.0%, and 100% in two fields at college of Agriculture. It has been found that the disease severity was developed in Agriculture college fields successively from 12-4-2011 to 20-5-2011 and from 12-4-2012 to 20-5-2012 (18.0–98.0 % and 22.7–96.0% )for the two sea