A thin film of AgInSe2 and Ag1-xCuxInSe2 as well as n-Ag1-xCuxInSe2 /p-Si heterojunction with different Cu ratios (0, 0.1, 0.2) has been successfully fabricated by thermal evaporation method as absorbent layer with thickness about 700 nm and ZnTe as window layer with thickness about 100 nm. We made a multi-layer of p-ZnTe/n-AgCuInSe2/p-Si structures, In the present work, the conversion efficiency (η) increased when added the Cu and when used p-ZnTe as a window layer (WL) the bandgap energy of the direct transition decreases from 1.75 eV (Cu=0.0) to 1.48 eV (Cu=0.2 nm) and the bandgap energy for ZnTe=2.35 eV. The measurements of the electrical properties for prepared films showed that the D.C electrical conductivity (σd.c) increase

Promoting the production of industrially important aromatic chloroamines over transition-metal nitrides catalysts has emerged as a prominent theme in catalysis. This contribution provides an insight into the reduction mechanism of p-chloronitrobenzene (p-CNB) to p-chloroaniline (p-CAN) over the γ-Mo2N(111) surface by means of density functional theory calculations. The adsorption energies of various molecularly adsorbed modes of p-CNB were computed. Our findings display that, p-CNB prefers to be adsorbed over two distinct adsorption sites, namely, Mo-hollow face-centered cubic (fcc) and N-hollow hexagonal close-packed (hcp) sites with adsorption energies of −32.1 and −38.5 kcal/mol, respectively. We establish that the activation of nit

The nanocrystalline porous silicon (PS) films are prepared by electrochemical etching ECE of p -type silicon wafer with current density (10mA/cm ) and etching times on the formation nano -sized pore array with a dimension of around different etching time (10 and 20) min. The films were characterized by the measurement of XRD, atomic force microscopy properties (AFM). We have estimated crystallites size from X -Ray diffraction about nanoscale for PS and AFM confirms the nanometric size Chemical fictionalization during the electrochemical etching show on the surface chemical composition of PS. The atomic force microscopy investigation shows the rough silicon surface, with increasing etching process (current density and etching time) porous st

The purpose of this paper is to study a new types of compactness in the dual bitopological spaces. We shall introduce the concepts of L-pre- compactness and L-semi-P- compactness .

L'œuvre de fiction la plus ancienne qui nous soit restée, est aussi bien la première jamais écrite. L'épopée de Gilgamesh a été composée à l'aube de la civilisation mésopotamienne. Gilgamesh était le cinquième souverain après le déluge.

                      Sous son règne, trois millénaires environ avant Jésus-Christ, les Urukiens s’emparèrent des cités voisines, et formèrent ainsi ce que nous appellerions une petite nation. Pendant plus de deux mille ans, les civilisations du Proche-Orient ont fait de Gilgamesh leur héros épique. Il existe des

The compound azobenzen-p,p'-di(2-amine-1,3,4-thiadiazol-5-yl) (A) was formed by reacting 4,4'-(diazene-1,2-diyl)-dibenzoyl chloride with thiosemicarbazide. Ten substituted amino derivatives of azobenzen-p,p'-di(2- amine-1,3,4-thiadiazol-5-yl) were synthesized by reaction of compound (A) with formaldehyde and acetaldehyde to give Schiff base. The compound (A) reaction with sodiumcyanat and potassiumisothiocyanat gave uredo and thiouredo-1,3,4-thiadizol-5-yl. However, its reaction with benzenesulphonyl chloride and 4-methyl benzene sulphonyl chloride gave sulphonamido compounds, while its reaction with acetylchloride and benzoyl chloride gave acetamido and benzamido derivatives. Its reaction with succinic and glutaric acid gave succinamido an

The main objective of this thesis is to study new concepts (up to our knowledge) which are P-rational submodules, P-polyform and fully polyform modules. We studied a special type of rational submodule, called the P-rational submodule. A submodule N of an R-module M is called P-rational (Simply, N≤_prM), if N is pure and Hom_R (M/N,E(M))=0 where E(M) is the injective hull of M. Many properties of the P-rational submodules were investigated, and various characteristics were given and discussed that are analogous to the results which are known in the concept of the rational submodule. We used a P-rational submodule to define a P-polyform module which is contained properly in the polyform module. An R-module M is called P-polyform if every es