The red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier, 1790), which belongs to the family Curculionidae, order Coleoptera, is one of the most important palm pests, which leads to heavy losses in date palms. In the last few years, it has been recorded in Iraq, from Safwan city south of Iraq, where it was detected on date palm trees (Phoenix dactylifera L, Arecales: Arecaceae). In the current study, specimens of adult weevils were collected from infested date palms (Phoenix dactylifera), that showed signs of infection in Safwan district, south of Basra province. The results of the investigation showed the presence of phoretic mites associated with the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier,

In this paper, we define a cubic positive implicative-ideal, a cubic implicative-ideal and a cubic commutative-ideal of a semigroup in KU-algebra as a generalization of a fuzzy (positive implicative-ideal, an implicative-ideal and a commutative-ideal) of a semigroup in KU-algebra. Some relations between these types of cubic ideals are discussed. Also, some important properties of these ideals are studied. Finally, some important theories are discussed. It is proved that every cubic commutative-ideal, cubic positive implicative-ideal, and cubic implicative-ideal are a cubic ideal, but not conversely. Also, we show that if Θ is a cubic positive implicative-ideal and a cubic commutative-ideal then Θ is a cubic implicative-ideal. Some exam

Machine scheduling problems (MSP) are     considered as one of the most important classes of combinatorial optimization problems. In this paper, the problem of job scheduling on a single machine is studied to minimize the multiobjective and multiobjective objective function. This objective function is: total completion time, total lead time and maximum tardiness time, respectively, which are formulated as  are formulated. In this study, a mathematical model is created to solve the research problem. This problem can be divided into several sub-problems and simple algorithms have been found to find the solutions to these sub-problems and compare them with efficient solutions. For this problem, some rules that provide efficient solutio

The main goal of this work is to achieve an acceptable agreement between the obtained results and previously published results of the electrical conductivities of Krypton and Xenon weakly ionized plasma gases, which are strongly affected by the electron number density N_e and electron collision frequency. When the electron energy distribution function (EEDF) is calculated, it shows a decrease with increasing the energy for all reduced electric field values (E/N). The above calculations are done in terms of the Boltzmann transport equation solution by using a numerical technique based on the two-term approximation method, which is represented by the common code "BOLSIG+." Calculated electrical conductivities of each Xenon and Kr

In this paper, we introduce a new one-step iteration process in Banach space and prove the existence of a common random fixed point of three non-expansive multivalued random operators through strong and weak convergences of an iterative process. The necessary and sufficient condition for the convergence of a sequence of measurable functions to a random fixed point of non-expansive multivalued random operators in uniformly convex Banach spaces is also established. Our random iteration scheme includes new random multivalued iterations as special cases. The results obtained in this paper are an extension and refinement of previously known results. A new random iterative scheme for approximating random common fixed points of three random non

This article studies the nonlocal inverse boundary value problem for a rectangular domain, a second-order, elliptic equation and a two-dimensional equation. The main objective of the article is to find the unidentified coefficient and provide a solution to the problem. The two-dimensional second-order, convection equation is solved directly using the finite difference method (FDM). However, the inverse problem was successfully solved the MATLAB subroutine lsqnonlin from the optimization toolbox after reformulating it as a nonlinear regularized least-square optimization problem with a simple bound on the unknown quantity. Considering that the problem under study is often ill-posed and that even a small error in the input data can have a l

In the current research, the properties of even-even nuclei with a mass number (A≥100) for (^100-124₄₈Cd ) isotopes have been studied. This included distortion parameters () derived ,from an Intrinsic, electric, quadrupole, moments (₀ )and deformation ,parameters  originate from a reduced ,

Although not uncommon worldwide, consanguinity has been a part of Arab culture and tradition as a means to strengthen tribal blood relations. However, this type of union has been linked to inherited diseases, particularly those of a recessive nature (e.g., hemoglobinopathies). Furthermore, several recent studies have documented highly significant associations between consanguineous parentage and common multifactorial diseases, including but not limited to hypertension, mental disorders, and several cardiovascular diseases. In Iraq, the prevalence of consanguinity is very high and still on the rise. This has resulted in an increased prevalence of inherited diseases and has significant negative impacts on Iraq’s limited economy. To addre

The set of all (n×n) non-singular matrices over the field F this set forms a group under the operation of matrix multiplication. This group is called the general linear group of dimension  over the field F, denoted by . The determinant of these matrices is a homomorphism from  into F* and the kernel of this homomorphism was the special linear group and denoted by  Thus  is the subgroup of  which contains all matrices of determinant one.

The rational valued characters of the rational representations written as a linear combination of the induced characters for the groups  discuss in this paper and find the Artin indicator for this group after study the rational valued characters of the rational representations and the induce

Eighty eight isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were obtained from Central Child Teaching Hospital, Imamin Al-Kadhimin Medical City, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, National Center for Educational Laboratories, Imam Ali Hospital, Ibn Al-Baladi Hospital, as well as (38) clinical isolation obtained from previous studies and (22) environmental isolation obtained from previous studies and it was studied the effect of the type of cultural medium, temperature and different pH numbers in the production of pigments. The results showed that the isolates of Pseudomonas clinical (Pc18) and (Pc40) had the ability to form green pigments after 24 hours of incubation in the nutrient broth and after 72 hours in the heart infusion broth and

These days, the kidney transplant community widely agrees that BK virus infections are the main driver behind kidney impairment and transplant failures. A total of 110 kidney failure patients were enrolled in this study. Five ml of blood was collected from each patient, the plasma was separated, and then the plasma samples were stored until DNA extraction was performed. Molecular detection of BK was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Urine samples were also obtained for cytological detection and investigation of decoy cell. The results of the PCR technique for the current study revealed that 12 patients were infected with the BK polyoma virus at a prevalence rate of 10.9 %, with 8 infections in males and 4 infections in females, wi

Crime classification and prediction represents a contemporary societal trend aimed at reducing or preventing criminal activities. One such crime is domestic violence, a global phenomenon known as the shadow pandemic or the hidden pandemic. This study aims to analyse data related to domestic violence crimes in Iraq and compare the effectiveness of the Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT) and Naïve Bayes (NB) models using different metrics to develop an accurate model for classifying or predicting the type of domestic violence (physical or non-physical). The research employs a methodological framework that includes several stages. Subsequently, the three classifiers RF, DT, and NB are applied to the dataset to facilitate classification

Shigella is most commonly spread through the fecal-oral route, rather than through contaminated food, water, or swimming pools. A recent study collected 103 fecal samples of Shigella spp. from hospitals and laboratories across Iraq, spanning from July 2022 to June 2023. The samples were sourced from various cities, including Baghdad (65), Nasiriya (14), Babylon (11), Najaf (9), and Kirkuk (4). In this study, we examined Shigella species isolated from diarrhea samples for the presence of penicillin- and tetracycline-resistant genes. Tetracycline resistance genes (tetA and tetB) were detected in 96 (93%) and 84 (82%) isolates, respectively. Both genes (tetA and tetB) were detec

Hyperglycemia is recognized as the primary indicator of diabetes. The occurrence of Hyperglycemia results from a combination of contributing factors, such as dietary habits, exercise routines, and overall lifestyle choices. Accumulating evidence showed the hyperglycemia also causes inflammation, which changes the body's cellular and immune systems. Similarly, the acute hyperglycemia increases the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6. The present study aimed to determine the effect of Muntingia calabura leaves extracts administration toward the immune system in hyperglycemia-induced high-fat diet in mouse model. Five experimental groups were applied in this study, including the control group, hyperglycemic

The results were obtained through a study of three samples of three dust storms that struck the Baghdad Governorate in 2022. The following results were obtained by analyzing the grain sizes, showing that silt and clay are the main parts where the silt portion is occupied. The silt fraction occupies first place with a percentage ranging between 31.8%-51.9% with an average value of 43.22%. The clay fraction comes in second place with a percentage ranging between 31.8%-59.5% with an average value of 48.98%. In contrast, the sand percentage comes Finally, with a relative distribution ranging between 5.6%-11.6 and an average percentage of 7.78%. It was found that the organic matter in the samples of the study area was 1.78 and in the range 1.

The aim of the current study is the stratigraphic detection of clay thickness in the Hasciba Al-Sharqi region, western Iraq, which is suitable for making bricks, according to the recommendation of a previous study of the same area. Three resistivity sequences were created with an interelectrode spacing of 5 m, an n factor of 6a (where the initial spacing a is 5 m), and 120 electrodes of the Wenner-Schlumberger array were used. The quality of the 2D data is excellent as shown by the likeness between the pseudosection of the measured and calculated apparent resistivity. As for the quantitative interpretation, it is an inverse model that shows the thickness of the upper part of the Injana Formation (clay layer), ranging from 8 to 17 m. The

An investigation was conducted to examine the potential for producing bioethanol from lettuce leaves waste through fermentation utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this study three different of pre-treatments methods were applied to the raw materials using H₂SO₄ (2%), HCl (5%) and NaOH (1%), respectively. The goal of these pretreatments was to break down the cellulose, hemicellulose as well as lignin to a mono-sugar that considered a simpler form which can be consumed directly through the fermentation process by S. cerevisiae to produce bioethanol. The results indicate that the NaOH pre-treatment yielded the highest sugar content, followed by the HCL, H₂SO₄ pre-treatment, while the

Six wells were selected in this study for the Mishrif Formation (Late Cenomanian - Early Turonian) in the Zubair oilfield in southern Iraq, which is considered one of the main reservoirs in the field, to study the microfacies and to evaluate the petrophysical properties. This study estimates shale volume, distribution (dispersed, laminar and structural), and formation effective porosity from well log data and cross-plots. The distribution of shale is mainly dispersed,
and an increase in effective porosity values indicates the quality of the reservoir. The microfacies analysis and the Lucia plot demonstrate that the Mishrif Formation consists of four main Microfacies (Lime mudstone, Wackestone, Packstone and Grainstone) in wells Zb-4

Image compression is a suitable technique to reduce the storage space of an image, increase the area of storage in the device, and speed up the transmission process. In this paper, a new idea for image compression is proposed to improve the performance of the Absolute Moment Block Truncation Coding (AMBTC) method depending on Weber's law condition to distinguish uniform blocks (i.e., low and constant details blocks) from non-uniform blocks in original images. Then, all elements in the bitmap of each uniform block are represented by zero. After that, the lossless method, which is Run Length method, is used for compressing the bits more, which represent the bitmap of these uniform blocks. Via this simple idea, the result is improving the c

An arc discharge model for the discharge layers close to the cathode surface is reported. In addition to calculating the degree of plasma ionization and the ionization length to the average free path ratio; the effect of the voltage (U=10 V and 20 V), the temperature of the cathode surface, and mixture concentration (xenon- sodium) on the current density of plasma ( ), of ion ( j_i,), of electrons(  ), and of electrons emitted from the surface cathode (j_em,) , the ion energy density qi and the electron energy q_e was determined. The voltage (U=20V) had a greater effect. At sodium concentrations between (0.1 and 0.5 moles) added to xenon, a shift towards lower temperatures (1500-3000) K after adding sodium

In this study , nanoparticles of the metal oxides CuO, ZnO, and TiO₂ were synthesized using the hydrothermal method. These nanoparticles were then used to dope paraffin wax (as the matrix material) and prepare nanocomposites [TiO₂; CuO/paraffin] and [TiO₂; ZnO/paraffin] through the ultrasound method. The morphology, size, and structures of the synthesized nanocomposite were examined and characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier and transform infrared (FT-IR), in order to confirm the design of nanocomposite based nanostructures and reveal their distinctive features from where distribution on paraffin wax. The results of AFM analysis of the two synthesized nanostruc

Let G be a finite simple connected graph of order p, size q, and block B=B(G). The semifull graph of  G is a graph that has a vertex set V(G)∪E(G)∪B(G). So that any two vertices in the semifull graph of G are adjacent if any two vertices are adjacent in G, or any two edges are adjacent in G, or any two blocks are adjacent in G, or any vertex incident on edge or block. It was found that Hosoya polynomial, Wiener index, and average distance of a semifull graph are for some special graphs such as star, wheel, path, and cycle graphs, in addition to specifying  the diameter for each of the resulting graphs.

In recent decades, the identification of faces with and without masks from visual data, such as video and still images, has become a captivating research subject. This is primarily due to the global spread of the Corona pandemic, which has altered the appearance of the world and necessitated the use of masks as a vital measure for epidemic prevention. Intellectual development based on artificial intelligence and computers plays a decisive role in the issue of epidemic safety, as the topic of facial recognition and identifying individuals who wear masks or not was most prominent in the introduction and in-depth education. This research proposes the creation of an advanced system capable of accurately identifying faces, both with and witho

Analytical studies of finite projective spaces of interest make understanding space objects much easier. In this paper, an analytic study is given of the finite projective space of dimension seven. Formulas of some combinatorial properties and details are found like, number of i-spaces through j-spaces, i>j, spaces resulting from the intersection of two spaces, i-space with j-space i≠j, and the relation between lines and skew lines. Also, the basic conditions to spread the space by lines were also found. All obtained results were implemented on the finite projective space of dimension seven over the finite field of order two as an example.

The Furin cleavage site and fusion peptide are critical regions in the Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. The activation of the spike protein relies on furin cleavage, whereas the fusion peptide is critical for merging the viral envelope with host cell membranes. This study aims to map the mutations in the S1/S2 Furin, S2' cleavages sites, and fusion peptide regions within Iraqi isolates, examining the variability and conservation of these critical sites. Our study includes 14 SARS-CoV-2 Sanger sequenced fragments coupled with data mining of the 1043 genomic dataset of Furin/ S2' cleavage sites and fusion peptide regions extracted from whole genome sequences, representing the entire entry of Iraq to GISAID during the pandemic. The current anal

The research presents a proposed model for the role of using waiting queue models in improving the performance of health institutions in Iraq, Baghdad. The proposed model relies on a set of numerical methods, the most important of which is the quantitative programming method (QM for Windows). The model analyzes the stability of the system and simulations are performed to evaluate its performance. The main goal of this paper is to improve the performance of these government medical institutions in Iraq in a scientifically sound manner, so that the proposed model is applied to reduce crowding and waiting in health centers. This study was applied in one of the health centers in Baghdad, Palestine Street (Al-Idrisi neighborhood) during the p

This paper studies the mixed triple optimal control vector problem (MTOCVP) controlled by nonlinear system of triple elliptic PDEs (or for short TNES) under appropriate hypotheses.  The existence theorem of a unique triple state vector solution (TSVS) for the weak formulation resulting from the TNES is demonstrated by employing the Browder theorem, with fixed mixed triple control vector (MTCV). The Lipshcitz operator between the MTCV and its conforming TSVS is demonstrated continuous. The existence theorem of a mixed triple optimal control vector (MTOCV) controlling by the TNES is stated and demonstrated, under suitable assumptions. 

The Code-Talker Paradox concept is applied to test the ability to achieve differential privacy while maintaining an acceptable level of machine learning accuracy. A real-world dataset for heart failure patients is used to test the accuracy. Four different machine learning algorithms, namely: decision tree, logistic regression, random forest, and Naïve Bayes, are employed. Laplace noise is added to the raw dataset to protect private and sensitive user data. This research aims to: first, find a balanced noise scale where differential privacy is achievable with an acceptable accuracy result. Second, evaluate the four machine learning classifiers and introduce the one that best fits the current heart failure dataset. Hyperparameter tunings