تناول البحث دراسة العوامل البشرية المؤثرة في نمو النباتات الطبية في محافظة نينوى، والتي تشغل مساحة تقدر بـ(37323) كم²، وتشكل بذلك نسبة (%8.6) من مجموع مساحة العراق البالغة 052) (435 كم²، إذ يقدر عدد سكانها (3.926.340) البالغة نسبتهم (60.6% حضر- 39.4% ريف) في عام 2022م، إذ ان المجتمع السكاني يتصف بطبيعة ديناميكية متحركة قابلة للزيادة او النقصان في اعداد السكان لاس

يما الاحداث الارهابية (دخول داعش) التي شهدتها المحافظ

      جاء هذا البحث بعنوان (النفي ملمحاً أسلوبياً لِحِجاج ابن الحَجاج) فيما يخص ظاهرة النفي وتأثيرها الحجاجي في اقناع المخاطب، فالنفي ظاهرة لسانية لغوية معناها الاخبار بترك الفعل، وترتبط بأدوات معينة مثل (لا، لن، لم، ما، لما، ليس) وكل أداة من هذه الأدوات لها معنى خاص بها، وينقسم النفي إلى قسمين: النفي الصريح – النفي الضمني.

     وسنقتصر في هذا البحث في تسليط الضوء على الأدوات التي تفيد النفي الص

     الأمر والنهي في اللغات السامية يمثلان عنصرين أساسيين للتواصل، إذ يعبران عن الرغبة في توجيه الآخر للقيام بفعل معين أو الامتناع عنه. وعلى الرغم من التشابهات العامة بين هذه اللغات في صياغة هاتين الجملتين، إلا أن التفاصيل النحوية في تركيب الجملة قد تختلف بشكل طفيف بين لغة وأخرى، مما يعكس التنوع اللغوي والثقافي بين الشعوب السامية عبر التاريخ.

لقد اختص البحث بدراسة بناء الجمل الطلبية التي تدل على الأمر و

يعكس شعر ايان كرايتون سميث تجربة المنفى الداخلي التي عاشها سكان المرتفعات الاسكتلندية في أعقاب الاستعمار البريطاني. تحلل هذه الدراسة شعر سميث من إطار ذهني ما بعد الاستعمار لإلقاء الضوء على استعباد وإعادة توطين سكان المرتفعات في الجزر الشمالية لاسكتلندا من قبل الإمبراطورية البريطانية. تستخدم هذه الدراسة نظرية ما بعد الاستعمار من خلال تطبيق مفاهيم هومي ك. بابا عن المنفى والتهجين والشتات والتي تشكل إطارًا ل

The aim of the research was to prepare Pilates exercises using the barrel ladder apparatus and to identify the effect of Pilates exercises on agility, coordination, and motor sequences of third-year female students in artistic gymnastics. The researcher adopted the experimental method to achieve the objectives of the study and to verify its hypotheses, as it is suitable for the nature and problem of the research. In selecting the research population, the researcher carefully chose the sample using a purposive method, clarifying its elements and constituent units. The research population consisted of third-year female students at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for Women / University of Baghdad, with a total of 20 stud

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of personalized nutrition approach by genotype based on genetic profiling and their effects on the components of energy production and performance in wrestling. The investigation concerns with five wrestlers from Al-Kadhimiyah wrestling Club, for the 74 kg weight category. During 4 weeks, each of these athletes received a diet training intervention tailored to their individual genetic profiling. Aerobic capacity (VO2max), anaerobic power (Wingate Anaerobic Test), RSA, and lower body strength (1RM squat) were assessed at baseline and post-intervention as well. Results In all variables significant improvements were observed with VO2max increasing by 5 ml/kg/min, both peak and mean powe

The Paralympic Games is a major global sporting event and is a special gathering of a group of society who have been psychologically and physically rehabilitated to represent their countries in various sports  The aim of the research  is - Document the historical trajectory of the quantity and diversity of swimming and Paralympic athletics competitions at the Summer Paralympic Games during the period from 1960 to 2024 - Compare and analyze the quantitative evolution of athletes' and countries' participation in both swimming and Paralympic athletics across different cycles. The researchers used the descriptive, comparative analytical approach, the research community consisted of (all competitions, results and participation of athletes a

The modern qualitative idea of ​​training experienced athletes is not only strengths but also extends to general strength training, reaching special strength training in the training stages specific to the different types of sports activities. The aim of sports training is not to be on the relief of what prompted the researcher to practice the special strength of the arms and trunk and the achievement of the players pushing the weight. The study aimed to prepare plank exercises to improve the special strength of the arms and trunk and the achievement. I learned with moral success between the pre- and post-tests with the well-being of the Al Ain players pushing the weight for the youth players, numbering (5), then trying the exercise

Objective This study aimed to identify the level of services provided in sports and recreational events The descriptive method was used on a sample of (657), who were randomly selected from three major cities in Saudi Arabia. Randomly selected from three major cities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire was the data collection tool, and the results of this study found that the level of services The level of services provided at sports and recreational events in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia came at an average level, and the services provided by females Their level is higher than males, as well as those who attend with family and relatives, the services provided better than those who attend alone, and there was no difference in

This study investigates the effect of interactive video analysis on the acquisition of dribbling skills in basketball among first-year students at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Baghdad. A sample of 50 students was divided into an experimental group (n=25) receiving training with interactive video analysis and a control group (n=25) trained using traditional methods. The Johnson Basketball Dribble Test was administered as pre- and post-tests over an 8-week intervention (December 2024 to April 2025). Results showed significant improvements in both groups, with the experimental group demonstrating greater gains in dribbling speed and accuracy (p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.32). The findings highlight t

The research aimed to prepare and apply third zone intensity training for 50-meter freestyle swimmers, examining its impact on the speed strength of the arms, some biochemical indicators, and the completion time for 50 meters freestyle. The researcher hypothesized that there would be statistically significant differences between pre- and post-test results for the experimental and control groups in arm speed strength, biochemical indicators, and completion time. The experimental method involved a design with both experimental and control groups, consisting of 11 swimmers from the Army Club participating in the 2024/2025 sports season, selected intentionally with a 100% comprehensive approach. After determining the tests and preparing the

This research is concerned with the effect of learning on movement activity to develop groundstroke (Forehand and backhand) tennis skills for 14 year age group female players at Diyala specialized Center of Baghdad. The study was conducted with two groups (experimental and control), one of which was taught using motor activity based instructional modules, while the other was taught through traditional teaching techniques. Analysis included before and after for each set of skills. The results showed that the experimental group was able to achieve a significantly better improvement in accuracy and consistency than the control group, thanks to variety of practice including immersion in practical experience. This made them even more

This research aimed to develop two measurement scales (i.e., one for the assessment of Unrealistic Optimism and another of Cognitive Intuition) and investigate the levels in young athletes, specifically from track and field. Furthermore, the study sought to examine whether there was a link between unrealistic optimism and cognitive intuition. The researcher tested the following the hypothesis: there is a significant relationship between both scales. A descriptive correlational approach was used, and the study sample included 198 young track and field athletes from clubs in Baghdad at season (2024 /2025). A purposeful sampling was used with 8 athletes as a pilot sample, 100 athletes for scale construction and 90 for main applica

The purpose of the study is to uncover the reality of women empowerment in leadership positions in Iraqi sport institutions by identifying the most significant inhibitors and contributors driving participation. They employed descriptive survey and sampled 211 female employees at the Ministry of Youth and Sports, Olympic Committee, as well as sports federations. It was discovered that cultural and social constrains are still the greatest obstacle (80%) for women’s empowerment, weak support from institution along with no genderfriendly organizational environments restrained their progress. Additionally, a dearth of Iraqi sports institutions necessitates an all-inclusive process that increases social awareness, develops better ins

This study aimed to identify the effect of group exercises using repetitive training on the speed endurance of under-21 football players. The researcher used a set of group exercises on a sample of 32 under-21 players from the Electrical Industries Club, with a mean age of 20.4. The players were divided into two groups, an experimental group and a control group, each consisting of 14 players. A comparison was then conducted between the two groups to ensure the validity of the starting line. The exercises were then implemented with two training sessions per week, totaling eight training sessions over a month. These exercises were applied to the players during their special preparation phase. After conducting the main experiment

 This research aimed to investigate the impact of Using wearable technology for improving backhand stroke among students of Physical Education and Sports Science, in University of Baghdad. It aimed at assessing better performance with respect to stroke accuracy, feeling and reduction of vibrations, as well as being capable to provide real-time feedback on the student's quality of movement with wearable sensors. An experiment designed conducted with the sample 24 novice students (12 experimental, 12 control) during intervention period of 8 weeks. The experimental group received real-time biomechanical feedback using wearable sensors, whereas the control group underwent conventional training. Accuracy, speed and vibration were evaluated b

Through the researcher's field follow-up and his knowledge of the wrestling game, he noticed that the level of performance of wrestling players is not at the required level. From the researcher's point of view, he sees that one of the reasons for this is due to their distraction as a result of the many variables present during the game. Therefore, the researcher decided to design special exercises in order to develop some mental aspects such as selective attention, which is the most important mental process and skill performance of the player. The aim of the research was to prepare special exercises and know their effect on selective attention and the performance of the lifting skill for wrestling players aged under (16) years. It was as

This research aims to clarify the importance of practicing sports and its role in improving the lifestyle of university students. By understanding how sports contribute to strengthening social relationships within the academic community and enhancing the physical and mental health of university students, sports have become an effective tool in the modern era. They are not limited to entertainment or amusement but also contribute to building the character of university students, enhancing their interactive abilities, and instilling moral values such as cooperation, tolerance, and discipline. The study highlights the historical background of sports, starting from the civilizations of the Mesopotamian Valley, thru the Islamic civilization,

The study is interested in examining the organizational reputation of the Women's Committee at the Iraqi Football Association. Description of Work The descriptive design was conducted on a community sample of 218 Iraqi Football Association population. The researchers utilized a questionnaire as a data collection instrument and included 5 domains including leadership, creativity culture and structure; public relations capability, quality of performance and governance in their instrument. The findings demonstrated an acceptable level of institutional image for the women's committee altogether (firms and organizations) which would suggest that constructive measures have been taken regarding performance enhancement and promotion of s

            this study sport-related anxiety is explored by examining its influence on performance of young goalkeepers (under 20 year) in relation to key skills such as shot-stopping, positioning and reaction speed. The study population will be drawn from youth club teams in the Baghdad Governorate by experience and performance to achieve objectivity and generality. The study includes the 2023–2024 year sports season (preparation, training, competition periods) with measurements at different times to measure the effects of anxiety in various contexts. Information will come from local clubs and training centers that focus on the development of goalkeeper skills. The use of psychological measurements to ascertain anxiet

         The participation in the rehabilitation of injuries among athletes and non-athletes from various sports, as well as the prevention and reduction of sports injuries and the restoration of athletes to their pre-injury condition, represent a fundamental goal in the sports field. Progressive rehabilitative exercises, applied from simple to complex, play a crucial role in restoring function and reducing pain among injured athletes. This study aimed to design and implement rehabilitation sessions composed of targeted exercises to treat partial Achilles’ tendon rupture in football players and to examine the differences between pre- and post-tests in static strength and balance. Using an experimental one-group pre–post desig

The research aimed to use the method of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection as a relatively modern therapeutic approach to improve the range of motion and reduce pain in Muay Thai players suffering from rotator cuff injuries in the shoulder joint. The research sample included (5) Muay Thai players with rotator cuff injuries in the shoulder joint, with an age of (23.43 ±0.64) years, a mass of (87.74 ±8.19) kg, and a height of (181.39 ±4.21) cm. Their injuries were diagnosed by specialized doctors. Platelet-rich plasma injections were administered once, with a prohibition on training and specific use of the injured joint for 3 days post-injection. Training was resumed after 2 weeks with moderate intensity, and they returned to their de

This work concentrates on the effect of a flex-skin trailing edge flap on the aerodynamic characteristics of SD7037 airfoil at low Reynolds numbers, in the range of 2^10 to 5^10 using computational methods. The study used a range of angle of attack (AOA) associated with the take-off phase and different flap angles. The numerical model was set up in Siemens STAR-CCM+ package using the κ-ω shear stress transport turbulence model and the (γ-Reθ) transition model which ensured the approximate solution of Navier-Stokes equations. The verification of the computational solution was done by the comparison with the available experimental data of the plain flap, and it was discovered that the results matched pretty well at lower AoAs. Results in

Background: Gallstone disease (GSD) is a significant global health burden with variable prevalence influenced by metabolic, genetic, and infectious factors. Increasing evidence suggests that Gram-positive bacteria, particularly Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus species, contribute to gallstone pathogenesis through enzymatic activity and biofilm formation. Objectives: To characterize Gram-positive bacteria within gallstones from Iraqi patients, evaluate their biofilm-forming capacity, and analyze the relationship between bacterial colonization, gallstone type, and cholesterol levels. Methods: A total of 100 gallstones were obtained from patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy between October 2024 and March 2025. Stones were

ان حـق التنميـة والتطـور مـن احلقـوق التـي طالبـت هبـا املجتمعـات الدوليـة كافـة السـيام بعـد احلــرب العامليــة الثانيــة، ولكــن العقوبــات االقتصاديــة التــي فرضــت عــى العــراق مل تراعــي حقــه يف التنميــة فبعــد ان كان العــراق يتجــه نحــو التقــدم والتطــور يف منطقــة الــرق االوســط عــاد إىل التدهـور والضعـف بسـبب فـرض العقوبـات االقتصاديـة عليـه مـن قبـل املجتمـع الـدويل ، ونظـرا المهي

المستودع الرقمي العراقي. مركز المعلومات الرقمية التابع لمكتبة العتبة العباسية المقدسة

This article aims to investigate how war contributes to the pollution of water bodies with harmful substances including heavy metals and toxic substances. The paper explains how these pollutants, carelessly dumped by military operations, have severely damaged the water quality of rivers and lakes all across Iraq. Based on the Jassim River as case study, the paper shows a close relationship between military operations and pollution. Shown is the effects of this pollution on local ecosystems like fish and wildlife, and human population, dependent on the river for drinking, irrigation, and other basic needs. The article reveals the problem of military waste in Iraq, focusing on the absence of satisfactory waste disposal techniques and

The study aimed to design resistance training for discus throwers, identify their starting and performance variables, and examine the effect of resistance training on developing these variables. The researchers employed an experimental approach with two equivalent groups using pre- and post-tests, suitable for the research problem. The research population included female athletes participating in the Iraqi Athletics Clubs and Institutions Championship in November 2022, with 13 participants. Eight athletes were selected based on achievement levels and research requirements. They were randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group (4 athletes) training with resistance according to a graduated bumper network, and a control group (4

      The aim of the research is to identify the effect of exercises with blended learning according to the sequential and random exercise and learning the skills of settings and receiving the serve with volleyball for students in the fifth grade of middle school. The importance of the research comes in developing the skills of setting and receiving the serve with volleyball in the physical education lesson for the fifth stage of middle school through blended learning and by scheduling the sequential exercise. random exercise, the research problem revolved around the fact that the performance is not at the required level among students at this stage in learning how to perform volleyball skills. This is due to the fact that most of t