This work aims to provide a statistical analysis of metal removal during the Magnetic Abrasive Finishing process (MAF) and find out the mathematical model which describes the relationship between the process parameters and metal removal, also estimate the impact of the parameters on metal removal. In this study, the single point incremental forming was used to form the truncated cone made of low carbon steel (1008-AISI) based on the Z-level tool path. Then the finishing was accomplished using a magnetic abrasive process based on the Box-Behnken design of the experiment using Minitab 17 software was used to finish the surface of the formed truncated cone. The influences of different parameters (feed rate, machining step s

Polypropylene (PP) capillary microtubes hold strong potential for use in advanced liquid cooling systems, but their internal flow behavior remains insufficiently understood. Critical factors—such as capillarity, flow regime, and pressure drop—directly influence their thermal performance and practical applicability. Despite their relevance, detailed studies on these parameters in PP hollow fiber microtubes are lacking. This study addresses that gap through a combined mathematical and microscopic investigation of water flow inside PP microtubes with a 0.6 mm inner diameter. Results show that capillary effects are negligible across all tested conditions, contributing only ~0.2% to ~2.7% to the total pressure drop. Moreo

تبحث هذه الدراسة في أداء ركيزة واحدة ومجموعة ركائز (2×2) تقع بالقرب من منحدر طيني مشبع تحت الأحمال الجانبية الدورية باستخدام تحليل العناصر المحدودة (FEA). أجريت عمليات المحاكاة باستخدام Plaxis 3D مع نموذج التربة المتصلبة (HSM)، والذي يسمح بتمثيل أكثر دقة لسلوك التربة، وخاصة في ظروف التحميل الدوري. أخذ النموذج في الاعتبار التربة الطينية ذات المعلمات المستمدة من التقرير الجيوتقني الرسمي الذي أعدته مختبرات مكتب الاستش

In present study, we assessed the role of kaolin [(Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄), an inert clay], for treatment of  common carp, Cyprinus carpio experimentally infected with  Pesudomonas aeruginosa. Fish were experimentally challenged with P. aeruginosa (LD₅₀₌ 2±0.2×10⁹ CFU/ml), in untreated water or water treated with addition of kaolin at levels of 4, 6 and 8g/l (G1, G2 and G3 respectively). Over the 5‐day course of kaolin treatment led to significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved of survival (100%) in treated groups (G2 and G3) as compared to untreated fish (infecte

The bacterial ability to form biofilm had been complicated the infection healing process, due to antibiotic resistance. Urinary tract infection is an optimal example of such infections that caused by bacterial biofilms. So the current study aimed to find an alternative method to inhibit the uropathogenic bacteria using nanotechnology. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) was isolated from 110 clinical samples. These bacterial isolated were tested for their ability to form biofilm by two methods: Microtiter plate and congo red agar. Antibiotic susceptibility was detected to determine the multidrug-resistant isolates. An ecofriendly green method was depended for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using alcoholi

This study was aimed to investigate the genetic variability of 26 rice genotypes and evaluation at two locations in Sulaimani governorate, Gaba and Chawtan which were completely different in their environmental condition during the season of 2019. The performances of the genotypes were analyzed at both locations as well as the average of both. Simple coefficients of correlation were used to assess the grain yield components and their relationships. Path analysis was used to determine the direct and indirect effects of such components on grain yield plant^-1. The genotypes were grouped based on the agro-morphological features using cluster analysis. Almost all of the traits at both locat

تالفت الدراسة من مقدمة واربعة مباحث وخاتمة تتبع المبحث الاول الموسوم( عبد الاله حافظ : نسبه وولادته واسرته)   نسب عبد الاله حافظ وولادته واسرته.

اهتم المبحث الثاني الذي جاء تحت عنوان ( دور عبد الاله حافظ  في طبع العملة).

تطرق المبحث الثالث المعنون (دور لعبد الاله حافظ في تطوير اقسام البنك المركزي العراقي) .  

اما المبحث الرابع المعنون (عبد الاله حافظ والتطور الاقتصادي للبنك المركزي العر

In this study, 25 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were diagnosed in 160 clinical samples collected from patients attending the Tuberculosis Institute/ Medical city and Al-Muhmodia Public Hospital, in addition to a number of private laboratories in Baghdad during the period from September 2020 to February 2021. The bacterial isolates from clinical samples were biochemically diagnosed by API® 20E system then further identified by VITEK 2 system. P. aeruginosa represented the most prevalent bacteria in lower respiratory tract specimens. These isolates showed moderate to high susceptibility towards 11 antimicrobial agents tested in this study except that of ceftazi

With the rapid advancement of construction technologies, the architectural envelope of a building has evolved beyond a mere structural element into an integrated system designed to achieve comprehensive environmental comfort by controlling thermal, lighting, and acoustic factors within architectural spaces. This research focuses on the technological activation of building envelopes through modern innovations such as smart glass, adaptive walls, natural ventilation systems, and advanced insulation technologies, all of which contribute to enhancing building performance and promoting sustainability. The study explores key concepts and strategies related to the performance of building envelopes and examines how artificial in

This research on architecture examines the challenges faced by individuals with visual impairments as they navigate schools and other built environments. It highlights the idea of "architectural visual bias," which favors sight over other sensory experiences. The study promotes architectural designs that go beyond visual considerations to enhance sensory interactions, ultimately aiming to make spaces more accessible to those with visual impairments. The objective is to identify the requirements of visually impaired individuals in the built environment, propose design principles and recommendations for inclusive architecture, and create a design for Pacelli School for the blind and partially sighted that embodies inclusiv

To determine the influence of selection on castor bean (Ricinus communis cv. Hindi 21) grown on a saline sodic soil, two experiments were conducted in 2011 and 2012. The first experiment was applied on the Farm of College of Agric./Univ. of Baghdad. It involved planting castor bean in three methods in saline-sodic soil. The second experiment was applied by planting the original cultivar and the new select. Three levels of irrigation water salinity were used; 1.5, 6, and 12 dS.m¹. However, plants of higher salinity did not grow normal, so they were discarded. The results revealed that the new select outyielded the original when it gave 174.3 g plant seed yield. This select char

In the past years, the use of composite materials in the aircraft industry, among others, has grown immensely Composite systems offer an advantage over traditional aircraft materials (metals) because they tend to exhibit higher strength/weight and stiffness/weight ratios than metals, thus making the aircraft lighter and improving performance. Woven composites are increasingly considered for such applications because they offer ease in manufacturing of complicated geometries, but the mechanical properties for different weave patrons of the material is even less well characterized than that of non-woven (angle-ply) laminates For this reason and because the woven composite mechanical properties is impotent for the theoretical work of the pr

In this work, a novel system is designed to remote monitor / automatic control of the temperature, humidity and soil moisture of the agricultural greenhouses. In the proposed system, the author used the mentioned sensors for monitoring the climatic conditions of the agricultural greenhouses; and the system makes a controlling process to fix the required parameters for plant growth by running / stopping the fan, air exchanger and irrigation devices when any changes happened in these parameters. The presented system is based on XBee protocol in the implemented wireless sensor star topology network (WSN) to monitor the agricultural greenhouses in real time, and used the GSM and Internet technologies to monitor the agricultu

This paper presents numerical and experimental stress analyses to evaluate the contact and bending stresses on the teeth of spiral bevel gear drive. Finite Element Method has been adopted as a numerical technique which accomplished basically by using ANSYS software package. The experimental stress analysis has been achieved by using a gear tooth model made of Castolite material which has photoelastic properties. The main goal of this research is detecting the maximum tooth stresses to avoid the severe areas that caused tooth failure and to increase the working life for this type of gear drives.

Numerous academics have demonstrated the value of immediate communal spaces in residential projects. In contemporary apartment site planning, these places are essential but sometimes ignored and categorized as leftover negative spaces rather than intentional interaction areas, diminishing the conventional forms of interpersonal communication. However, there is no proof of this relationship's causality. This study eliminates this gap and explores whether territoriality function-based building arrangement convex layouts can moderate the link between physical design and social interactions. Since culture and social interaction are closely related, what are the effects of these spaces and their layout on social interaction i

The qualitative concept of training experienced athletes is not limited to strength training alone, but extends to general physical conditioning and, ultimately, to special strength training during the specific phases of athletic preparation, depending on the type of sport practiced. Since athletic training should not follow a single, monotonous pattern, the researchers adopted modern Boot camp exercises to develop special strength and biomechanical variables for female triple jump athletes. The study aimed to design Boot camp exercises specifically to enhance special strength and certain biomechanical indicators in young female triple jump athletes, and to identify the impact of these exercises on their performance. The researchers

يحتاج تحليل المستوى السردي على وفق مدرسة باريس السيميائية إلى تفصيل بالمهام التي تقوم بها الشخصيات الفاعلة لكي تحقق موضوع الرغبة وبيان مدى كفاءتها وقابلياتها في اثناء المواجهة مع الخصم والمعوق الذي يحول دون تحقيق الرغبة. ويكون تحليل الشخصيات الفاعلة والكشف عن الانجاز سلبًا أو إيجابًا، ويتم التحقق من ذلك باستعمال المربع المنطقي لروايات حنا مينه بعد عام 2000.

In this paper, Bayes estimators of the parameter of Maxwell distribution have been derived along with maximum likelihood estimator. The non-informative priors; Jeffreys and the extension of Jeffreys prior information has been considered under two different loss functions, the squared error loss function and the modified squared error loss function for comparison purpose. A simulation study has been developed in order to gain an insight into the performance on small, moderate and large samples. The performance of these estimators has been explored numerically under different conditions. The efficiency for the estimators was compared according to the mean square error MSE. The results of comparison by MSE show that the efficiency of B

Ebastine (EBS) is a non-sedating antihistamine with a long duration of action. This drug has predominantly hydrophobic property causing a low solubility and low bioavailability. Surface solid dispersions (SSD) is an effective technique for improving the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly soluble drugs by using hydrophilic water insoluble carriers.

The present study aims to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of EBS by using surface solid dispersion technique. Avicel® PH101, Avicel® PH 102, croscarmellose sodium(CCS) and sodium starch glycolate(SSG) were used as water insoluble hydrophilic carriers.

The SSD formulations of EBS were prepared by the solvent evaporation method in different drug:  carrier

This study was aimed to produce AuNPs biologically using Klebsiella pneumoniae and study their synergistic effect with some antibiotics.Technologies of nanoparticles are quick and are employed in many applications in biomedicine. The potential of metallic nanoparticle as an anti-microbial agent is greatly investigated which considered as an alternative method to reduce the challenges of multi-drug resistance microbes. The present study discusses the novel approach to synthesize nanoparticles involving eco-friendly synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Klebsiella pneumoniae and study their effect as antimicrobial spectrum .Also study synergism effect of gold nanoparticles with an

In this research, we used a gravity model to investigate whether water scarcity variables influence agricultural trade of cereal crops for Saudi Arabia. We compare the OLS, Fixed effects, Random effects, and Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimators to determine the best model. The AIC, and multicollinearity, heteroskedasticity, and autocorrelation tests assist in determining estimation procedures and the final model. We cluster the errors by distance to improve the specific country effect variables, such as economic mass. We find that water-related variables influence virtual water imports of cereals, millet, corn, barely, and sesame.

A field experiment was conducted at the experimental field of field Crop Dept.- Coll. of Agric.Univ. of Baghdad, during the winter season 2012– 2013 to investigate the effect of tillers removing on some growth traits under two nitrogen levels for two wheat varieties This experiment was carried out by using Randomized Complete Block Design with in  split– split plot arrangement with three replicats. IPA 99 and Abu– Ghraib 3 were assigned in main plots, nitrogen levels (100,200) kg.ha^-1 occupied sub- plot, while tillers reamoving treatment (reamove the main stem, first tiller, second tiller, and third tiller) occupied the sub

Lead selenide PbSe thin films of different thicknesses (300, 500, and 700 nm) were deposited under vacuum using thermal evaporation method on glass substrates. X-ray diffraction measurements showed that increasing of thickness lead to well crystallize the prepared samples, such that the crystallite size increases while the dislocation density decreases with thickness increasing. A.C conductivity, dielectric constants, and loss tangent are studied as function to thickness, frequency (10kHz-10MHz) and temperatures (293K-493K). The conductivity measurements confirm confirmed that hopping is the mechanism responsible for the conduction process. Increasing of thickness decreases the thermal activation energy estimated from Arhinus equation is

Cams are considered as one of the most important mechanical components that depends the contact action to do its job and suffer a lot of with drawbacks to be predicted and overcame in the design process. this work aims to investigate the induced cam contact and the maximum shear stress energy or (von misses) stresses during the course of action analytically using Hertz contact stress equation and the principal stress formulations to find the maximum stress value and its position beneath the contacting surfaces. The experimental investigation adopted two dimensions photoelastic technique to analyze cam stresses under a plane polarized light. The problem has been numerically simulated using Ansys software version 15 as FE

Bodybuilding is a sport that relies on exercises with varying intensity and training loads in order to gain strength and large muscle masses. The external appearance has a special evaluation that we seek to reach through physical training that achieves high physical coordination because it is the key to rising to the first ranks in competitions. From this, the concept of modern training has led to the discovery of many new training methods, techniques and exercises, which have been applied to most sports and have obtained results that should be paid attention to. Among these exercises are modern cardio exercises, which work to develop the circulatory functional systems (cardiac and respiratory systems) and raise endurance physical fitnes

Rheumatoid arthritis (AR) is one of the chronic diseases resulting in many complications such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). Any change in the lipid profiles and myocardial markers indicates cardiovascular disease risk, so this study is designed to monitor the pattern of lipid profiles and myocardial markers in newly diagnosed RA patients. Blood samples were collected from 70 Iraqi patients newly diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (male and female) and 30 healthy served as control. These individuals were aged 35-65 years. The serum samples were obtained to determine myocardial markers; included troponin, creatinine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase GOT; and lipid profiles; such as choleste