Infectious keratitis may be caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites, and fungi. Noninfectious can be caused by injury to the cornea, dryness of the cornea, allergies, and improper use of contact lenses. Fungi commonly responsible for corneal ulcers are Aspergillus (most common), Candida, and Fusarium. Both Aspergillus and Fusarium account for about one-third of all traumatic infectious keratitis. In the current case series, we submit 4 cases of Fusarium keratitis. A microbiological investigation like KOH mount is an important test that can confirm the presence of the fungal infection in samples. Topical and systemic anti-fungal treatment combinations give better outcomes in fungal keratitis patients. Culture is the gold standard, and fusa

Non thermal argon plasma needle at atmospheric pressure was generated. The experimental set up is based on very simple and low cost electric components that generate electrical field sufficiently high at the electrodes to ionize various gases, which flow at atmospheric pressure. The high d.c power supply is 7.5kV peak to peak, the frequency of the electrical field is 28kHz, and the plasma power less than 15W. The plasma is generated using only one electrode. In the present work the voltage and current discharge waveform are measured. Also the temperature of the working Ar gas at different gas flow and distances from the plasma electrode tip was recorded

 تمهيد: تعد إصابات بكتيريا المتدثرة الحثرية  Chlamydia trachomatisمن الإصابات البكتيرية المنتقلة جنسيا ألأكثر انتشارا في كافة أنحاء العالم. برامج الفحص عن بكتيريا المتدثرة الحثرية  ذات أهمية كبيرة لمنع المضاعفات طويلة المدى.

اهداف الدراسة: كان الهدف من الدراسة، التحري عن الايجابية المصلية للضدات النوعية IgG ،   IgMلبكتيريا المتدثرة الحثرية بين النساء ا

Asphaltene is a component class that may precipitate from petroleum as a highly viscous and sticky material that is likely to cause deposition problems in a reservoir, in production well, transportation, and in process plants. It is more important to locate the asphaltene precipitation conditions (precipitation pressure and temperature) before the occurring problem of asphaltene deposition to prevent it and eliminate the burden of high treatment costs of this problem if it happens. There are different models which are used in this flow assurance problem (asphaltene precipitation and deposition problem) and these models depend on experimental testing of asphaltene properties. In this study, the used model was equation of

Zinc oxide thin films were deposited by chemical spray pyrolysis onto glass substrates which are held at a temperature of 673 K. Some structural, electrical, optical and gas sensing properties of films were studied. The resistance of ZnO thin film exhibits a change of magnitude as the ambient gas is cycled from air to oxygen and nitrogen dioxide

Background: Early detection of subclinical left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction is crucial and could influence patients' prognosis by aiding the clinician to candidate patients for better management.

Objective: To detect early LV systolic dysfunction in asymptomatic patient with chronic aortic regurgitation by two dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography.

 Methods:  Sixty one asymptomatic patients with chronic aortic regurgitation, with no ischemic heart diseases (by coronary angiography) or conductive heart diseases, no diabetes mellitus, no hypertension, and no other valvular heart diseases (group 1) and fifty age and sex-matched healthy subjects (

تكتشف الدراسة كيف يمكن لمبادئ وممارسات الاقتصاد الدائري أن تساعد في تقليل كمية النفايات في البيئة وتحقيق الاستدامة في العراق. وتدرس وعي الناس بالبيئة ومستوى معرفتهم وسلوكهم وتأثير البنية التحتية والسياسات المحلية وتحديد أبرز العوائق والدوافع للتنفيذ. واستعمل البحث منهجية وصفية تحليلية في الاستبيان الذي قدم إلى عينة من 270 شخصًا. وتم إجراء تحليل البيانات على معاملات الارتباط والانحدار. وكشفت النتائج عن وجو

      ادى الكشكول دوراً مهما في حياة المتصوفة عامة ومتصوفة إيران خاصة، فشكله الذى يشبه (القارب او السفينة) له رمزية مؤكدة لدى الصوفية الزهاد، فالسفينة هي قارب النجاة التي يعبر بها المتصوف إلى عالم الوجود اللامتناهي، والكأس عندهم رمز العشق والمعرفة بالذات الإلهية .

       لقد أستعمل المتصوف الكشكول في حفظ ما يجود به المحسنون عليه من طعام او نقود او لحفظ الطعام والشراب،فض

   تعد مدينة سنجار إحدى الحواضر المهمة في إقليم الجزيرة الفراتية، وقد احتلت مكانة اقتصادية وإدارية بارزة بين مدن الإقليم خلال العصر العباسي، إلى جانب مدن كبرى مثل الموصل وأربل. وقد تجسدت هذه المكانة بوضوح في اعتمادها داراً لسك النقود في بعض الفترات، وهو ما يعكس أهميتها الاستراتيجية في إطار الدولة العباسية.

   ويرتبط هذا الدور بأهمية موقع سنجار الجغرافي، إذ تتوسط الطرق الرابطة بين الع

افتتح في داكار عاصمة السنغال مؤتمر وزراء خارجية الدول العربية والافريقية بتاريخ 19-22 نيسان 1976, الذي مهد لعقد اول مؤتمر قمة عربي افريقي مشترك في التاريخ، ولا شك ان اللقاء العربي الافريقي الجديد يأتي في مرحلة متميزة من مراحل النضال العربي الافريقي، من اجل البناء والتقدم، إذ سقط النفوذ الاسرائيلي في القارة الأفريقية، بفضل التطور الذي طرأ على العلاقات العربية الافريقية، والدعم الافريقي المساند للعرب بعد انكشا

This study used the green method to synthesise zinc oxide nanoparticles by microwave irradiation, using plant extracts of tea, coffee, and rosemary separately and Zn(NO₃)₂.6H₂O; this method is considered eco-friendly, rapid, and cost-effective. The structural properties of prepared materials were investigated with an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscope, and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis was used to prove the presence of ZnO NPs. The electrical charge of the surface of nanomaterials was measured by Zeta potential, where 20 mV is adequate for ensuring physical stability. The three green extracts (tea,

Objective: To find out the prevalence of anxiety and depression among Iraqi repatriated prisoners of Iran-Iraq war
(IRPOWs), and the relationship with some variables.
Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out from Oct. 18th, 2009 through Jan. 10th, 2010. A Snowball
sampling as a non-probability sampling technique was used to recruit 92 repatriates who had visited Ministry of
Human Rights. An instrument was constructed for this purpose. The constructed instrument consisted of six
demographic characteristics, and fourteen items to measure the level of anxiety and depression in prisoners of
war (POWs). Data were collected with using the constructed instrument and the process of the interview as means
for data col

الارتفاع الغير طبيعي للحامض البولي  هي حالة مرضية   حاصلة نتيجة الانتاج المتزايد للحامض او قلة في طرح هذا الحامض عن طريق الجسم او بسبب كلتا الحالتين . الحامض البولي هو الناتج النهائي لل purine  الموجود في الجسم .

أثناء سنِ الرشد، يَزِيدُ تركيزَ بلازما الحامضِ البوليِ بشكل  إضافي وهذه الزيادةِ تتفاوت حسب الاختلاف الحاصل  بالطول ، وزن جسمِ، ضغط دمّ، وظيفة الكلى، استخد

خلفيه البحث:الرهاب الاجتماعي هو شعور بالخوف من واحده أو أكثر من المواقف الاجتماعية مصحوبه بأعراض القلق حيث يتجنب المريض هذه المواقف.

أهداف البحث: يهدف البحث الى بيان معدل انتشار اضطراب الرهاب الاجتماعي لدى طلبه كليه الطب ,ودراسة الخصائص الاجتماعيةوالديموغرافية ,مع توضيح مدى تأثير الرهاب الاجتماعي غلى التحصيل الاكاديمي. كذلك يهدف البحث لدر

This study revolves around the rapid changes of science and a comparison of the formal and practical aspects and the reason behind summoning the changes and their types, which are subject to the influence of the recipient. This transformation represents formal and intellectual production cycles and formal functional generation that is subject to the goals of the system of multiple differences at the level of time and place. It meets the needs and the request for change, but access to it comes through multiple systems and portals that are different from the normal and the usual, so this study was called (meta and its dimensions in the designed biological formation (virtual reality environment - a model). The research seeks to find solutio

The current study used satellite data and geographic information systems to detect changes in land use and land cover and also studied climate factors, temperature, and humidity in the city of Amara, which is located in the southeast of Iraq, from 1990 to 2022. The study aimed to calculate the land use land cover (LULC) using satellite images from Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 8 OLI, and Landsat 9 OLI2, also from the Meteorological Service; temperature and humidity data were used to calculate the THI index. Iraq was one of the nations most exposed to the altering climate as a result of global warming and its effects. There was an urgent need to research climate change and land use in Amara city as temperatures rose and the city experienced droug

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

رشيد الدين الوطواط ، أديب كبير ، و شاعر ذو ثقافتين تمثلت بمعرفته وإتقانه للغتين العربية والفارسية ؛ شعراً ونثراً . وقد أبدع  الوطواط في كليهما ، وخلّف لنا نتاجا أدبيا راقيا ، ومن أبرز ذلك كتابه المعروف حدائق السحر في دقائق الشعر فضلا عن أشعاره بالعربية والفارسية .  قد نال الشاعر بذلك منزلة كبيرة بين أهل زمانه ؛ حظوة وعلماً ، فهو المقرب من السلاطين الخوارزميين ، وهو

This study aims to enhance the corrosion resistance of carbon steel (45 alloys) in saline water (3.5% NaCl) by applying a polymer nanocomposite coating. The nanocomposite was synthesized by integrating nickel oxide (NiO) and vanadium oxide (V₂O₅) nanoparticles, produced via a green synthesis method using moringa extract, into a polyacrylonitrile (PA) matrix. The coating's performance was evaluated across a range of temperatures: 293, 303, 313, and 323 K, achieving an inhibition efficiency of up to 89% at 303 K. The created nanocomposites were carefully examined using various testing methods, such as atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray d

The Qur'anic brigades are considered one of the most important architectural elements of the holy shrines, mosques, and Husaynids, and

     The study was conducted to indicate the contamination of the local produced broilers carcasses by Escherichia coli O157:H7, and its effects on public health. Sixty samples of local produced Broilers were collected randomly from five different areas in Baquba center of Diyala governorate, (Iraq). Thirty samples to each were collected in summer, from the beginning of July to end of August, and in winter season from the beginning of December to end of January to investigate their microbial load. All summer samples had significantly (P<0.05) higher microbial count of Coli-form Bacteria, Escherichia coli and E.coli O157:H7 than winter samples, but there were no significant differ

This study evaluated the relationship between the blood glucose level, maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax), and 18F-FDG uptake in tissues at normal and tumour organs with positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) examinations. On the morning of the procedure, finger-stick fasting blood glucose is routinely assessed. The study looked at the SUVmax in the liver and bone of 200 people with F-FDG PET/CT scans for tumors and healthy organs¹⁸. The study formed three groups of patients based on their serum glucose levels. The study retrospectively examined the relationship between glucose levels and standardized uptake values. The mean liver and bone SUV_max gradually decreased as blood glucose levels

Abstract: The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of 940 nm diode laser in comparison to Endoactivator in elimination of smear layer in terms of radicular dentin permeability and ultra-structural changes of root canal walls by SEM evaluation. Twenty-eight single-rooted extracted lower premolars were instrumented up to size X4 (protaper Next, Dentsaply) and divided into two experimental groups according to the irrigation system, G1; activated by EndoActivator and G2; activated by Diode laser 940 nm, CW mode, 1.7 W. Afterward, the roots were made externally impermeable, filled with 2%methylene blue dye, divided horizontally into three segments representing the apical, middle, and coronal thirds then examined under stereo- micr

In this work, the design and implementation of a smart energy metering system has been developed. This system consists of two parts: billing center and a set of distributed smart energy meters. The function of smart energy meter is measuring and calculating the cost of consumed energy according to a multi-tariff scheme. This can be effectively solving the problem of stressing the electrical grid and rising consumer awareness. Moreover, smart energy meter decreases technical losses by improving power factor. The function of the billing center is to issue a consumer bill and contributes in locating the irregularities on the electrical grid (non-technical losses). Moreover, it sends the switch off command in case of the consumer bill is not

تُعدُّ الأبنية السكنية العمودية من العناصر البصرية البارزة التي قد تتحوَّل بفعل موقعها وتصميمها إلى معالم حضرية مميزة تندمج بانسجام ضمن النسيج العمراني القائم أو على العكس قد تساهم في إنتاج تشوه بصري يؤدي إلى انقطاع في الأفق الحضري وفقدان الترابط البصري مع البيئة المحيطة، وقد شهدت مدينة بغداد منذ الألفية تحولاتٍ واضحة في مشهدها الحضري، حيث بدأ الامتداد العمودي يتجلى في مناطق متعدَّدة لا سيما في مركزها ال

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the occupational health hazards that face health care providers in Sulaimani City.

Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted utilizing quantitative data collection methods. It involved 159 respondents including Physicians, Pharmacists, Medical assistants, Laboratory Instructors and Nurses who worked in 8 major health facilities in Sulaimani city, Kurdistan region, Iraq.

Results: Nurses were the most susceptible group to sharp related injuries 13.84%, cuts and wounds 10.69% than the others and they were more experiencing verbal abuse in the workplace 15%. Laboratory instructors represent the most exposed group

تعدّ ظاهرة التصحر من أخطر التحديات البيئية التي تواجه العالم في العصر الحديث، إذ تمثل تهديدًا مباشرًا للموارد الطبيعية، وتؤثر بشكل كبير على التنمية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية في كثير من الدول، وخاصة تلك التي تقع في المناطق الجافة وشبه الجافة. يُعرّف التصحر بأنه تدهور الأراضي في المناطق القاحلة نتيجة لعوامل طبيعية مثل تغيّر المناخ، أو لأسباب بشرية كالاستخدام المفرط للأراضي، وقطع الغابات، والرعي الجائر، وسوء