Purpose:  the purpose of study is estimate the Risk premium, Interest rate, Inflation and FDI in the through of Coronavirus in the MENA countries.   Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework included the study of the main variables, which are risk premium, interest rate, inflation, and foreign direct investment during the Corona virus pandemic.   Design/methodology/approach:  Concentrating on “COVID-19”, as an effective factor on the Foreign direct investment (FDI), I employ data of “MENA (Middle East and Northern Africa)” countries from 2000 to 2021 to investigate the impact of COVID-19, financial and macroeconomic indicators on FDI relying on the analytic research approach of Static panel data regression, includ

The principal objective of this study is to demonstrate how green quality management and product life cycle costing may help an organization gain a competitive advantage. Green quality management's influence on increasing product quality and meeting environmental criteria, as well as tracking the activities of product life cycle before, during, and after production, is demonstrated. Orienting these activities toward the production of eco-friendly products that fulfill the needs of customers, hence increasing organization's market share. We found from our study that proposed framework can help organizations improve their competitiveness. Green quality management contributes to environmental protection and the provision of high-qualit

The estimation of the regular regression model requires several assumptions to be satisfied such as "linearity". One problem occurs by partitioning the regression curve into two (or more) parts and then joining them by threshold point(s). This situation is regarded as a linearity violation of regression. Therefore, the multiphase regression model is received increasing attention as an alternative approach which describes the changing of the behavior of the phenomenon through threshold point estimation. Maximum likelihood estimator "MLE" has been used in both model and threshold point estimations. However, MLE is not resistant against violations such as outliers' existence or in case of the heavy-tailed error distribution. The main goal of t

تهدف الدراسة الحالية إلى معرفة أثر استخدام نموذج ويتلي في اكتساب طلاب الصف الثاني الأساسي لمادة قواعد اللغة العربية. وللتحقق من هدف الدراسة فرضت الفرضيات الصفرية الآتية: الفرضية الصفرية الأولى هي (لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0.05) بين متوسط ​​درجات المجموعة التجريبية التي درست مادة قواعد اللغة العربية وفق نموذج ويتلي ومتوسط ​​درجات المجموعة الضابطة التي درست مادة قواعد اللغة العربية وفق الطريق

This study investigates the challenges encountered by first-grade intermediate students in learning the Arabic language. It aims to identify specific obstacles that hinder language acquisition and proficiency among this demographic. Through qualitative and quantitative methods, including surveys and interviews with students, teachers, and parents, the research highlights key issues such as limited vocabulary, difficulties in grammar, lack of engagement with the material, and inadequate teaching resources. The findings reveal a complex interplay between cognitive, social, and educational factors that contribute to these challenges. The study underscores the need for targeted interventions, such as enhanced pedagogical strategies and improved

Abstract

Purpose: The research attempts to Stand on the reality of the effective application of of strategic information systems in telecommunications companies in the Kurdistan Region, and what is the amount of the impact of such systems on promoting of Strategic Intelligence.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The Applied method has been used, In order to achieve the objectives of the research has been the development of a questionnaire prepared for this purpose and then distributed to (11) Company of Iraqi communications operating in Kurdistan Region companies, it has been used questionnaire to collect data in order to develop

Abstract

This Study aimed to investigate the reality of the application of the degree of management practice by Walking Around, namely (discovery of facts, improvement of communication, motivation, development, creativity and feedback) and Its role in achieving organizational justice (procedural justice, distributive justice, Interactional Justice),The availability of the core principles of this system from the point of view of the senior management personnel in the Directorate of Anbar Education, and the importance of research in the philosophical rooting of the nature of the variables as a modern administrative terminology, the research dealt with a problem expressed by a number of intellectual and appl

Purpose – The main purpose of this research is to highlight the main role of strategic leadership skills for top managements in accessing to effective management in accordance with the (VUCA Prime) methodology in (VUCA) environment as Miniature virtual environment, which refers to (Volatility), (Uncertainty), (Complexity), and (Ambiguity).

methodology – To achieve the research objective, this study selected the quantitative approach in research design, Questionnaire was used as the main instrument for data collection, the sample comprised the opinion poll (106) individual who functions as a head department. (Structural equation modelling by (Smart Pls3)

The current study aimed to review previous scholarly efforts to understand the concept of sustainable development, its practices, and its significance for public institutions. The study focuses on the dimensions of sustainable development—environmental, social, and economic—within public institutions. Sustainable development allows these institutions to balance environmental protection, economic growth, and social justice, ensuring the prosperity of both current and future generations. Furthermore, sustainable development is crucial for maintaining organizational performance. The review bridges knowledge gaps related to sustainable development and utilizes an analytical approach, surveying previous studies on the topic. The sele

One of the management accounting tools is responsible accounting. In this system, the organisation is divided into responsibility centres that help to connect an individual performance responsible to perform through a combined system of reports according to the implementation of the mechanism of exception tools which gives assistance in planning. The exploitation of the organisation's available resources is achieved through the application of responsible accounting. Also, the best exploitation will lead to the provision of low-cost products through the disposal of all types of waste or loss during the cost centres. By providing products at a lower cost and satisfying the wishes of the needs of customers, the result reflects the competitive

يهدف البحث تحليل طبيعة علاقات الارتباط والتأثير بين المهارات الفكرية للموارد البشرية والاداء الاستراتيجي، اذ تشكل المهارات الفكرية للموارد البشرية المحرك الاساسي لتنفيذ كافة الواجبات والعمليات التي تقوم بها المنظمة، ونتيجة التغييرات الحادة التي شهدتها البيئة التي تعمل فيها، استوجب الامر قيام هذه المنظمة بتحديد اهم المؤشرات المالية وغير المالية التي يتوجب اعتمادها في تحقيق الاداء الاستراتيجي لضمان

The research (Relationship of Communities of practice in adoption of, Strategic Change choices) aims to diagnose and interpretation of correlation nature between Communities of practice deportation (participation and spreading knowledge, confidence, social capital build) deportation strategic change choices (reengineering business process, business re-structuring, business innovation) in construction companies in the Iraqi Ministry of Construction and Housing, the research tested 4 construction companies working in investing sector in Iraq, the research applied on a sample of 102 persons who participated in Communities of practice distributed in several administrative levels (directors, division directors, projec

يهدف البحث الى بيان حقيقة جوهرية مفادها ان اقليم اسيا الوسطى يحتل اهمية استراتيجية، اذ كانت القوقاز مكاناً للصراعات السياسية والعسكرية والاقتصادية وتنافس القوى الدولية المتمثلة بالولايات المتحدة الامريكية وروسيا الاتحادية فضلاً عن الصين في اقليم اسيا الوسطى لتحقيق مصالحها الدولية، واهم الاستنتاجات التي توصل اليها البحث ان لكل من الاستراتيجيات الدولية ستراتيجيات مختلفة الابعاد السياسية والعسكرية والا

     تعد العقود الإدارية اسلوباً مميزاً ومهماً تمارس الإدارة من خلاله نشاطاً ادارياً مغلقاً بمرفق عام هادفاً الى ضمان استمرارية سير المرفق المذكور بانتظام واضطراد حيث تسلك في ظل هذا الأسلوب منهج الرضا والتفاهم من خلال ابرامها للعقد الاداري وعن طريق الاتفاق مع احد الاشخاص الطبيعيين او الاعتباريين ن وهذا الأسلوب تلجا اليه الادارة اذا لم يسعفها القرار الاداري في ممارسة نشاطها او اذا رأى ان اسلوب الع

Abstract

      health organizations are trying to  introduce  services of high quality and efficiency which requires  applying some standards of nursing career to improve nursing service quality in the hospital, which provides an essential data base key to diagnosis the negative and positive part in nursing services to guarantee the quality of services presented .  The aim of this study is to evaluated the quality of  nursing service through stating the indicators of nursing career standards by comparing the reality of the a hospital with what should standards . In addition , adapting nursing career standards with what is suitable for hos

Survival analysis is one of the types of data analysis that describes the time period until the occurrence of an event of interest such as death or other events of importance in determining what will happen to the phenomenon studied. There may be more than one endpoint for the event, in which case it is called Competing risks. The purpose of this research is to apply the dynamic approach in the analysis of discrete survival time in order to estimate the effect of covariates over time, as well as modeling the nonlinear relationship between the covariates and the discrete hazard function through the use of the multinomial logistic model and the multivariate Cox model. For the purpose of conducting the estimation process for both the discrete

Abstract

  Bivariate time series modeling and forecasting have become a promising field of applied studies in recent times. For this purpose, the Linear Autoregressive Moving Average with exogenous variable ARMAX model is the most widely used technique over the past few years in modeling and forecasting this type of data. The most important assumptions of this model are linearity and homogenous for random error variance of the appropriate model. In practice, these two assumptions are often violated, so the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (ARCH) and (GARCH) with exogenous varia

The research aims to improve the performance of the Directorate of Maysan water by reconciling the objectives of the employees of the directorate with the objectives of the Directorate itself, as well as to identify the strengths and weaknesses in the performance of the Directorate (Leadership - Individuals - Knowledge - Operations - Financial) and presented to experts and arbitrators of specialized, and the researchers have relied on the case study methodology as a descriptive approach is comprehensive analysis, and draws on more than one approach, method and scientific design, has been interviewed a number of experts in the Directorate Maysan's water Identify the weaknesses and strengths of the Directorate, the research has reached a numb

This paper is specifically a detailed review of the Spatial Quantile Autoregressive (SARQR) model that refers to the incorporation of quantile regression models into spatial autoregressive models to facilitate an improved analysis of the characteristics of spatially dependent data. The relevance of SARQR is emphasized in most applications, including but not limited to the fields that might need the study of spatial variation and dependencies. In particular, it looks at literature dated from 1971 and 2024 and shows the extent to which SARQR had already been applied previously in other disciplines such as economics, real estate, environmental science, and epidemiology. Accordingly, evidence indicates SARQR has numerous benefits compar

              The current paper proposes a new estimator for the linear regression model parameters under Big Data circumstances.  From the diversity of Big Data variables comes many challenges that  can be interesting to the  researchers who try their best to find new and novel methods to estimate the parameters of linear regression model. Data has been collected by Central Statistical Organization IRAQ, and the child labor in Iraq has been chosen as data. Child labor is the most vital phenomena that both society and education are suffering from and it affects the future of our next generation. Two methods have been selected to estimate the parameter

ان تحليل السلاسل الزمنية من المواضـيع الهامة في تفسير الظـواهر التي تحدث خلال فترة زمنية معينة ان الهدف من هذا لتحليل هو الحصـول على وصف وبنـاء أنموذج مناسب من اجل اعطاء صورة مستقبلية واضحة للسلاسل الزمنية المدروسة وان السلاسل الزمنية اهم الادوات المستخدمة في بناء وتقدير والتنبؤ بالظواهر المختلفة وان الاستدامة المالية هي الحالة التي تكون فيها الدولة قادرة على الوفاء بالتزاماتها الحالية والمستقبلية من غير

تفضيل السيولة - تضخم جانب الطلب - الاستقرار النقدي - معدل التضخم

كان تأثير كوفيد-19 على الشركات هو الأسوأ من أي وباء سابق. تأثرت من خلالها سلاسل التوريد العالمية وعمليات وأداء الشركات بجائحة كوفيد-19، مما جعل المؤسسات الصغيرة والمتوسطة (SME) أكثر عرضة للتأثر. في الوقت نفسه، تظهر مجموعة كبيرة من الأدبيات القائمة على ابحاث الاثر الضار للاضطرابات على الشركات. هناك نقص حاد في الأدبيات المتعلقة بآثار الاضطرابات على أداء المؤسسات الصغيرة والمتوسطة والعناصر التي يمكن أن تزيد من صم

   يهدف البحث الى دراسة تأثير ذكاء الاعمال بما يمتلكه من مقومات في تحقيق التنمية بهدف تحديد عناصر ذكاء الاعمال الاكثر تأثيرا في مجالات التنمية المستدامة للأقسام والشعب في وزارة العلوم والتكنولوجيا كونها منظمة تعمل على استخدام تكنولوجيا المعلومات وهي الاكثر تأثيرا في تطبيق ذكاء الاعمال. اعتمد ال على المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي للتعرف على مشكلة البحث وإثبات فرضياتها من خلال الربط النظري لمتغيراتها ، وبعد ذل