Translation is both a social and cultural phenomenon, it can neither exist outside a social community and it is within society, nor it can be viewed as a medium of cross-cultural fertilization. This paper aims to investigate the difficulties that a translator may face when dealing with legal texts such as marriage and divorce contracts. These difficulties can be classified according to the present paper into syntactic, semantic, and cultural. The syntactic difficulties include word order, syntactic arrangement, unusual sentence structure, the use of model verbs in English, and difference in legal system. As to the semantic difficulties, they involve lack of established terminology, finding functional and lexical equivalence, word for word translation, synonymous and antonymous words, wordiness and redundancy, loan words, neologism, and paraphrasing. Concerning the cultural difficulties, they relate to differences in traditions and norms, religion and social terminology as well as faiths and doctrines. This paper falls into two parts: part one is theoretical and tackles the definition and significance of legal translation, characteristics of legal texts, the techniques used in legal translation and types of legal texts; whereas part two is practical and deals with the general difficulties of legal texts with special reference to marriage and divorce contracts. It shows the syntactic, semantic and cultural analysis of different forms of marriage and divorce contracts that are translated from Arabic into English. It has been found that translating such legal documents as marriage and divorce contracts pose great difficulties that are due to the differences in legal systems of the two …
The current study included a review of the registration and description of the Theretra alecto Boi, 1827 (Levant hawk moth), samples were collected from various areas of the Baghdad belt and the provinces of the Middle Euphrates, confirmation in the description was on the most important parts of the body included the head and it's appendages, pronotum, wings as well as male and female genitalia. The morphological characteristics under study were enhanced by illustrations and images. Information on the locations and date of the collection was also confirmed. This study aims to identify the most important characteristics of the diagnosis of the species and the review of appearance variations, especially the analytical style of wings, coupling
... Show MoreThis study aimed to identify the alterations of liver in the quail (Coturnix coturnix) exposed by nanosilver particles.45 quail (females) were collected from agriculture research center in Abu-Ghraib, divided into (6) groups including: T1(12 quails were exposed to 4ppm), T2 (12 quails were exposed to 8ppm) and T3 (12 quails were exposed to 12ppm) of silver nanoparticles solution for 60 days. As well as three groups for control (3 females for each). Birds were dissected to isolate livers for histological preperations after fixation with Bouin's fluid, Routine stains Hematoxyline and eosin were used. Histological study showed that the structure of liver in a control groups consist of hepatocytes arranged radially cords around the central vein
... Show MorePulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) has become an increasingly important technique for metals production and metal oxides nanoparticles (NPs) and others. This technique has its many advantages compared with other conventional techniques (physical and chemical). This work was devoted for production of zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles via PLAL technique from a solid zirconium target immersed in a wet environment in order to study the effect of this environment on the optical properties and structure of ZrO2 nanoparticles. The solutions which used for this purpose is distilled water (D.W). The produces NPs were characterized by mean of many tests such as UV-visible (UV-Vis.), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Z-Potential. The UV-Vis.
... Show MoreBackground: The bond strength of the root canal sealers to dentin seems to be a very important property for maintaining the integrity and the seal of root canal filling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of four different obturation systems using push-out test. Materials and methods: Forty straight palatal roots of the maxillary first molars teeth were used in this study, these roots were instrumented using crown down technique and ProTaper system, instrumentation were done with copious irrigation of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 17% buffered solution of EDTA was used as final irrigant followed by distilled water, roots were randomly divided into four groups according to the obturation system (ten teeth for each g
... Show MoreThe aim of the current research is to find out the extent to which algebraic thinking skills are included in the mathematics textbook for the third intermediate grade for the academic year (2020-2021) by answering the main research question:What algebraic thinking skills are included in the mathematics textbook for middle third grade?The descriptive and analytical approach was used, and to achieve the goal of the research, a list of the main algebraic thinking skills and the sub-skills were prepared, and after analyzing the content of the mathematics textbook, the stability of the analysis was verified through the analysis over time and across individuals using the Holsti equation, and
... Show MoreBackground: Suffering from recurrent boils (furunclosis) is a common problem in our locality as it is noticed by many dermatologists especially in association with increasingly hot weather. The most common causative organisms are staphylococci. Objective: The aim of the study was to shed the light upon this problem and compare two systemic therapeutic agents for the prevention of recurrence, doxycycline and rifampicin. Patient and method: One hundred thirty-five (135) Patients with recurrent boils from Al-Yarmouk teaching hospital dermatology outpatient department were included in this study; age ranged from 10 to 64 years old and out of total patients 32 were males and 103 were females. Patients were assessed by full history and cl
... Show MorePerceptions of deity have practical effects in a person’s life, especially in his attitudes toward natural things since nature was created, in which man has treated it as something sacred. The Greek philosophers before Plato and Aristotle did not find in them the idea of divinity clear. Rather, they all searched for the first substance or the first cause of existence, and then gave it all the attributes of God from eternity and eternity, and considered it a first reason without which the universe would not have existed. knowledg
In this study the simple pullout concrete cylinder specimen reinforced by a single steel bar was analyzed for bond-slip behavior. Three-dimension nonlinear finite element model using ANSYS program was employed to study the behavior of bond between concrete and plain steel reinforcement. The ANSYS model includes eight-noded isoperimetric brick element (SOLID65) to model the concrete cylinder while the steel reinforcing bar was modeled as a truss member (LINK8). Interface element (CONTAC52) was used in this analysis to model the bond between concrete and steel bar. Material nonlinearity due to cracking and/or crushing of concrete, and yielding of the steel reinforcing bar were taken into consideration during the analysis. The accuracy of this
... Show MoreThis paper addresses the new coloring in the concept of dystopian society as represented by the positive role of one of the characters vs. the passive role of the government and its mutual effect on the people of the society. In addition, it describes how all men in the dystopian society victimize and degrade the other through unlawful acts, like: stealing, rape, and fear, which are the lowest points in a moral decay. However, it offers hope by illustrating a positive sense, as exemplified by the doctor's wife out of Saramago's optimistic view that men may be descended from good women. Accordingly, the paper aims to examine the effect of the government’s role in the lives of the people who have later turned into blind in a dystopi
... Show More