The search came under the title "The Legal division of the distribution of seats in Iraq under Law No. (45) for the year 2013 and its effects on the value of the seat of Parliament)" as part of the response to the requirements of the current circumstances that are going through Iraq, after the experience of each of the electoral experiments that we are waging every four Nawat to elect a new house of representatives that cries out for amending the distribution systems of parliamentary seats, so that some have imagined that the devil is behind all the darkness of the crises in society, and that it is inevitable to believe that the distribution systems of the parliamentary seats is a legal ploy to confiscate the will of the peo

This is a theatrical overview of the organizational approach regarding the definition of functions of criminal law and the nature of the criminal justice system. The research assumption is the following (organizational approach is the most important and effective instrument to achieve the goal of scientific-oriented law.

The law should be defined by the terms of science, not by the terms of politics and relatively social norms. Through legally organized law social needs can be satisfied at the right time, and legislative intervention becomes more functional.

The conciliatory settlement system in customs crimes as a means of managing the criminal case amicably between the competent authority and the violator, if its conditions are met and it is legally established, the prosecutions of the violator will be stopped, and the criminal case lapses if a conciliatory settlement is concluded before the criminal lawsuit or after its filing During the consideration thereof, but if a conciliatory settlement is concluded with the violator after the issuance of a ruling in the criminal case from the competent customs court before he acquires the final degree, then he shall drop the customs fine (civil compensation), drop the fine penalty, and drop the imprisonment penalty unless the judgment is in its reg

The present paper focuses on the nature of the different interactions between cometary nucleus and tail with solar wind. The dynamics of the comet will impose many features that provide unique behavior of the comet when entering the solar system. These features are reviewed in this paper and few investigations are made. The calculations made in this work represent the analysis and interpretation of the different features of the comet, such as perihelion and eccentricity dependence on the gas production rate, and the dependence of the latter on the composition of the comet nucleus. The dependences of the heliocentric, bow shock, contact surface, and stand-off distances with gas production rate for many types of comets that cover linear and n

The emergence of the central bank was a commercial bank the advantage of the government as if it belonged to him or the privilege of issuing banknotes. There is no comprehensive definition contrary to the concept of the central bank although everyone agrees that the central bank stands at the head of the banking system in the state and takes charge of banking and credit policy in the country.

The central bank is a governmental institution that dominates the monetary and banking system of the state it is responsible for issuing cash and acting as the financial agent of the government in addition to credit central in order to support the economic growth and monetary stability of the country and the central role of the central bank

TRIPS agreement was The first to apply protection by patents. However, this type of protection, which grants exclusive and monopoly rights to patent owners, came at the expense of developing countries which are considered rich in biodiversity and also at the expense of traditional and poor knowledge of modern technologies. The release of new plant varieties has led to the emergence of biopiracy and looting of the rights of developing countries without a license

In this paper, the reliability and scheduling of maintenance of some medical devices were estimated by one variable, the time variable (failure times) on the assumption that the time variable for all devices has the same distribution as (Weibull distribution.

The method of estimating the distribution parameters for each device was the OLS method.

The main objective of this research is to determine the optimal time for preventive maintenance of medical devices. Two methods were adopted to estimate the optimal time of preventive maintenance. The first method depends on the maintenance schedule by relying on information on the cost of maintenance and the cost of stopping work and acc

The prevention of crime is important in the field of public health the side of preventive him an important role as the side of therapeutic role ,the preventive measures in crimes harmful to public health have an important role in addition to the punitive methods has been identified legislator Iraqi a set of preventive measures to fight crime harmful to public health preventive measures to prevent the transmission of in fectious diseases as well as the interest in education, healthcare, environment ,health sound to maintain public health.

We are in turn ,we study the preventive measures in crimes harmful to public health and the importance of its role in the prevention of crime prevention and, we explained the position of each of

In recent years, the need for Machine Translation (MT) has grown, especially for translating legal contracts between languages like Arabic and English. This study primarily investigates whether Google Translator can adequately replace human translation for legal documents. Utilizing a widely popular free web-based tool, Google Translate, the research method involved translating six segments from various legal contracts into Arabic and assessing the translations for lexical and syntactic accuracy. The findings show that although Google Translate can quickly produce English-Arabic translations, it falls short compared to professional translators, especially with complex legal terms and syntax. Errors can be categorized into: polysemy,

Contributing companies consist mainly of two categories of shareholders: the majority and the minority. The first category (majority shareholders) means the controlling shareholders of the companies capital and its board of directors and voting at its general assembly meetings without the second category (minority shareholders), especially the acquisitions and risks to the company. We find that the Egyptian legislator has created legal protection for a minority of these risks, by forcing the acquiring party to make a mandatory purchase offer for the remaining shares in the company, at least the highest rate of acquisition of the capital of the company, Nahina on the application of the principles of corporate governance and its importance