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A traditional model of translation: Critical analysis: Традиционные модели перевода: критический анализ
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 The article critically analyzes traditional translation models. The most influential models of translation in the second half of the 20th century have been mentioned, among which the theory of formal and dynamic equivalence, the theory of regular correspondences, informative, situational-denotative, functional-pragmatic theory of communication levels have been considered. The selected models have been analyzed from the point of view of the universality of their use for different types and types of translation, as well as the ability to comprehend the deep links established between the original and the translation.

Аннотация

 В статье критически проанализированны традиционные модели перевода; названы наиболее влиятельные модели перевода во второй половине ХХ ст., среди которых распространенными считаются теория формальной и динамической эквивалентности, теория закономерных соответствий, информативная, ситуативно-денотативная, функционально-прагматическая теория уровней коммуникации; отобранные модели проанализированы с точки зрения универсальности их использования для различных видов и типов перевода, а также возможности постижения глубинных связей, устанавливаемых между оригиналом и переводом.

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
ניתוח לשוני לספר תהלים (מזמורים א – ב)
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ספר תהילים הוא ספר מספרי המקרא, בתנ"ך היהודי הספר כלול בחלק הכתובים, ובביבליה הנוצרית מכונה הספר Ψαλμός בת

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 12 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The role innovative leadership in administrative empowerment (Study analysis of the views of a sample of decision makers in the General Company for Food Industries(
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 Abstract

The objective of the research is to identify the role of innovative leadership in achieving the dimensions of administrative empowerment in the company for the public of food industries. The various variables have shown the importance of innovative leadership to achieve the dimensions of administrative empowerment in both international and local companies. Administrative Empowerment "In order to answer this question, a virtual model was developed to reflect the relationship and impact between innovative leadership and administrative empowerment. The research was based on the analytical descriptive approach.  the research community, The company represented the general company for food industries, retrie

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 21 2021
Journal Name
Recent Innovations In Chemical Engineering (formerly Recent Patents On Chemical Engineering)
Soap Production Using Vacuum Reactive Distillation: Batch Model
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Introduction: Although soap industry is known from hundreds of years, the development accompanied with this industry was little. The development implied the mechanical equipment and the additive materials necessary to produce soap with the best specifications of shape, physical and chemical properties. Objectives: This research studies the use of vacuum reactive distillation VRD technique for soap production. Methods: Olein and Palmitin in the ratio of 3 to 1 were mixed in a flask with NaOH solution in stoichiometric amount under different vacuum pressures from -0.35 to -0.5 bar. Total conversion was reached by using the VRD technique. The soap produced by the VRD method was compared with soap prepared by the reaction - only method which

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Publication Date
Wed May 28 2025
Journal Name
International Linguistics Research
A Pragmatic Analysis of Modality in English Academic Texts in Nigeria and Iraq تحليل تداولي للتصويغية في النصوص الانكليزية في نيجيريا و العراق
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Despite scholars’ attention on the typology of modality as a linguistic phenomenon, yet the use of modality across varieties of English is not well visible in communication-based researches that take semantics, pragmatics and discourse issues as the objects for their investigation. The paper generates its data from six M. A. dissertations from Nigerian University and equal number of the M. A. dissertations from Iraqi University to qualitatively and quantitatively investigate the contextual use of modality within the pragmatic perspective. The data analysis reveals that modality such as usuality, potentiality, necessity, probability and obligation in the dissertations encapsulates interpersonal and authorial voice in which the mean

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Publication Date
Thu May 18 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Optimal Dimensions of Small Hydraulic Structure Cutoffs Using Coupled Genetic Algorithm and ANN Model
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A genetic algorithm model coupled with artificial neural network model was developed to find the optimal values of upstream, downstream cutoff lengths, length of floor and length of downstream protection required for a hydraulic structure. These were obtained for a given maximum difference head, depth of impervious layer and degree of anisotropy. The objective function to be minimized was the cost function with relative cost coefficients for the different dimensions obtained. Constraints used were those that satisfy a factor of safety of 2 against uplift pressure failure and 3 against piping failure.
Different cases reaching 1200 were modeled and analyzed using geo-studio modeling, with different values of input variables. The soil wa

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2018
Journal Name
مجلة البحوث التربوية والنفسية
تحليل محتوى كتابي الحاسوب للمرحلة المتوسطة وفقاً لنظرية الذكاءات المتعددة
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يهدف هذا البحث إلى تحليل محتوى كتابي الحاسوب للمرحلة المتوسطة في العراق وفقاً لنظرية الذكاءات المتعددة عن طريق الإجابة عن السؤال الآتي: ما نسبة توافر الذكاءات المتعددة في محتوى كتابي الحاسوب المقرران على طلبة المرحلة المتوسطة (الصفين الأول والثاني) للعام الدراسي (2017-2018) م؟ ولتحقيق هدف البحث اتبعت الباحثة منهج البحث الوصفي التحليلي (تحليل المحتوى)، واعتمدت الفكرة الصريحة وحده للتسجيل، أما أداة البحث فهي أداة

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 07 2022
Journal Name
في مجلة الدراسات الللغوية والترجمية
Semantic and cultural analysis of phraseological units with the names of wild animals in Russian and Arabic
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Summary:This article discusses the topic of phraseological units with the names of wild animals in the Russian and Arabic languages in the aspect of their comparative semantic and cultural analysis, since a comparative analysis of the meanings of phraseological units of the Arabic and Russian languages, detection of coincidences and differences in the compared languages, is an important method for studying linguoculturology, since phraseological units represent a reflection of culture in the language

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
New and Existing Approaches Reviewing of Big Data Analysis with Hadoop Tools
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Everybody is connected with social media like (Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Instagram…etc.) that generate a large quantity of data and which traditional applications are inadequate to process. Social media are regarded as an important platform for sharing information, opinion, and knowledge of many subscribers. These basic media attribute Big data also to many issues, such as data collection, storage, moving, updating, reviewing, posting, scanning, visualization, Data protection, etc. To deal with all these problems, this is a need for an adequate system that not just prepares the details, but also provides meaningful analysis to take advantage of the difficult situations, relevant to business, proper decision, Health, social media, sc

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The effectiveness of Barman model in acquiring the historical concepts among fourth-grade literary students
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The researcher attempts to examine Barman model in acquiring the historical concepts among fourth-grade students at literary classrooms. To this end, the researcher held the null hypothesis, there is no significant difference between the experimental groups who was taught based on Barman model and the control group that taught based on the traditional method in acquiring the historical concepts on the post-test. To testify the effectiveness of Barman model, the researcher administered a questionnaire included (60) items on bunch of female-students who were selected from al-khamaeal preparatory school in al-hurriyah district in Baghdad. The author utilized different statistical tools to analyze the collected data.    &

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 27 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Optics
Spectroscopic analysis of zinc plasma produced by alternating and direct current jet
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In this study, a system of nonthermal plasma that was operated under atmospheric pressure and was powered by argon gas was employed. The particular plasma properties are affected by changes in the Ar gas flow ranges from 0.5 to 2.5 l/min, product by stream of the plasma jet that is utilized. By using the aforementioned method generated from AC and DC. After placing Ar gas as the cathode, which represents the negative pole, flows toward the anode, which is represented by a tiny metal plate of Zn measuring 6 × 1 cm2 in size, with a submerged part of 4 cm2 long, with both types of current employed having a high voltage of 13.5 kV and the frequency of AC was 30 kHz, we measured these variable parameters. It has been shown that when argon f

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