Background: Halitosis represents a common dental condition, although sufferers are often not conscious of it. It is common among humans around the world and is usually caused by an accumulation of bacteria in the mouth as a result of gum disease, food, or plaque. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of oral hygiene practices, smoking habits and halitosis among undergraduate dental students and correlate the oral hygiene practices, oral health conditions to the prevalence of self perceived oral malodor. Materials and Methods: Clinical examination of 250 dental students and a self-administered questionnaire were included in this study. A questionnaire was developed to assess the self-reported perception of oral breath, awareness of bad breath, timing of bad breath, oral hygiene practices, caries and bleeding gums, dryness of the mouth, smoking and tongue coating. Results: The results indicated that female students had better oral hygiene practices. Significantly less self-reported oral bad breath (P = 0.000) was found in female dental students (40%) as compared to male (70%). It was found that smoking had statistically highly significant correlation with halitosis (P = 0.000). Presence of other oral conditions such as dental caries and filled carious lesions also showed higher prevalence of halitosis in dental students. Conclusion Oral hygiene practices and oral health conditions are very important factors in halitosis. Females exhibited better oral hygiene practices and less prevalence of halitosis as compared to male students.
The main goal of this paper is to dualize the two concepts St-closed submodule and semi-extending module which were given by Ahmed and Abbas in 2015. These dualizations are called CSt-closed submodule and cosemi-extending mod- ule. Many important properties of these dualizations are investigated, as well as some others useful results which mentioned by those authors are dualized. Furthermore, the relationships of cosemi-extending and other related modules are considered.
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The oil sector in Iraq suffered from several difficulties led to the decline and reduction of oil production and the deterioration of refineries and transport pipeline status in addition to the weakness of the technology side and the prevalence of financial and administrative corruption besides the high costs of rehabilitation of the oil sector and also administrative and institutional problems still ongoing.
In spite of Iraq's possession of vast oil wealth allows him to play an important role in the international energy market، he is still under the level. The production of oil doesn'<
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The electrical properties of CdO/porous Si/c-Si heterojunction prepared by deposition of CdO layer on porous silicon synthesized by electrochemical etching were studied. The structural, optical, and electrical properties of CdO (50:50) thin film prepared by rapid thermal oxidation were examined. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results confirmed formation of nanostructured silicon layer the full width half maximum (FWHM) was increased after etching. The dark J-V characteristics of the heterojunction showed strong dependence on etching current density and etching time. The ideality factor and saturation current of the heterojunction were calculated from J-V under forward bias. C-V measurements confirmed that the prepared heterojunctions are abrupt
... Show MoreSilicon nanowire arrays (SiNWs) are created utilizing the metal-assisted chemical etching method with an Ag metal as a catalyst and different etching time of 15, 30, and 60 minutes using n-Si (100). Physical properties such as structural, surface morphology, and optical properties of the prepared SiNWs are studied. The diameter of prepared SiNWs ranged from 20 to 280 nm, and the reflectance in the visible part of the wavelength spectrum was less than 1% for all prepared samples. The obtained energy gap of prepared SiNWs was around 2 eV, which is higher than the energy gap of bulk silicon. X-ray diffraction (XRD) has diffraction peaks at 68.70o for all prepared samples. The heterojunction solar cell was fabricated based on the
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High performance work systems and general industrial enterprise performance
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Asthma and obesity are both a major public health problems affecting large numbers of individuals across the globe. Link between obesity and asthma is now considered as a recognized fact, and many epidemiological studies, found that overweight and obese people had a higher chance of developing asthma, with more severe symptoms. Assessment of the relationship between body mass index and asthma control. A cross-sectional study, that included 100 patients diagnosed with asthma, attending the respiratory disease consultatory unit at Baghdad teaching hospital. Body mass index was calculated by (BMI= weight in Kg/Height in m2), and Asthma control was assessed using asthma control test questionnaire forma. Statistical analysis done using, Test of
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Abstract The study aimed at reviewing translation theories proposed to address problems in translation studies. To the end, translation theories and their applications were reviewed in different studies with a focus on issues such as critical discourse analysis, cultural specific items and collocation translation.
الخلاصة Bahraini Parliamentary Elections and their Impact on the Popular Uprising) Bahrain has a distinguished constitutional and parliamentary experience, which distinct it from the other Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Its experience in this area is the second after the experience of Kuwait to establish a system of government based on modern constitutional principles. As the government presented the Constitution to the Constituent Assembly elected by people and approved in 09/06/1973. After that, it witnessed the birth of the first parliament elected by the people in 1973, but the experiment did not last long and the parliament dissolved by Prince, and didn’t determine the period of the return of the working with the
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In recent years, the need for Machine Translation (MT) has grown, especially for translating legal contracts between languages like Arabic and English. This study primarily investigates whether Google Translator can adequately replace human translation for legal documents. Utilizing a widely popular free web-based tool, Google Translate, the research method involved translating six segments from various legal contracts into Arabic and assessing the translations for lexical and syntactic accuracy. The findings show that although Google Translate can quickly produce English-Arabic translations, it falls short compared to professional translators, especially with complex legal terms and syntax. Errors can be categorized into: polysemy,
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