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Electrochemical harvesting of microalgae꞉ Parametric and cost-effectivity comparative investigation
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The cost of microalgae harvesting constitutes a heavy burden on the commercialization of biofuel production. The present study addressed this problem through economic and parametric comparison of electrochemical harvesting using a sacrificial electrode (aluminum) and a nonsacrificial electrode (graphite). The harvesting efficiency, power consumption, and operation cost were collected as objective variables as a function of applied current and initial pH of the solution. The results indicated that high harvesting efficiency obtained by using aluminum anode is achieved in short electrolysis time. That harvesting efficiency can be enhanced by increasing the applied current or the electrolysis time for both electrode materials, where 98% of harvesting efficiency can be obtained. The results also demonstrated that the power consumption with the graphite anode is higher than that of aluminum. However, at 0.2 A the local cost of operation with graphite (0.036 US$/m3) is distinctly lower than that of aluminum (0.08 US$/m3). Furthermore, the harvesting efficiency reached its higher value at short electrolysis time at an initial pH of 6 for aluminum, and at an initial pH of 4 for graphite. Consequently, the power consumption of the harvesting process could be reduced at acid- nature conditions to around 0.46 kWh/kg for aluminum and 1.12 kWh/kg for graphite.

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 03 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Error Investigation for Free Form Surfaces in Bezier Techniques
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Surface modeling utilizing Bezier technique is one of the more important tool in computer aided geometric design (CAD). The aim of this work is to design and implement multi-patches Bezier free-form surface. The technique has an effective contribution in technology domains and in ships, aircrafts, and cars industry, moreover for its wide utilization in making the molds. This work is includes the synthesis of these patches in a method that is allow the participation of these control point for the merge of the patches, and the confluence of patches at similar degree sides due to degree variation per patch.  The model has been implemented to represent the surface. The interior data of the desired surfaces designed by M

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2015
Journal Name
Kerbala Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Investigation the Factors Affecting on Gatifloxacin Eye Drop Stability
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This research included the study of different factors that may effect on gatifloxacin stability (anew quinolone synthetic antibacterial agent) in its aqueous solution in order to develop and optimize the best delivary of the drug to the eye (as eye drop) with maximum local concentration and minimum systemic absorption and toxicity.Different formulas of gatifloxacin solution for ophthalmic use (0.3%)w/v were prepared in citrate, acetate,citrate/phosphate and phosphate buffers,their tonicity adjusted with suitable quantity of sodium chloride.The effect of different factors that might affectthe stability of gatifloxacin in its prepared ophthalmic solution was studied and determined spectrophotometrically at 287 nm. The results showed t

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 28 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A Comparative Study of the Photostabilization of Polyvinyl Chloride with Nano and Micro Nickel Oxide
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NiO nanoparticle synthesis by chemical method and characterized by XRD with crystal size 11.72
nm and grain size 13 nm from FESEM image also NiO micro used ,two NiO as an additive to evaluate the
possibility of producing photodegradable polymers, the practical application of solid-phase photocatalytic
degradation of polyvinyl chloride (PVC- NiO composite films) was investigated. PVC has a negative impact
on the environment since its polymer degrades slowly, yet it has a wide range of industrial applications and
the amount used shows no evidence of diminishing use. Thus, a synthesis of modified PVC- NiO micro and
nano has been studied with 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 (hours) as irradiation time a

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 25 2020
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
A Comparative Evaluation of Gutta-Percha and Sealer Removal of Rotary Niti File Retreatment Systems
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Forty lower premolars with single root canals prepared with ProtaperNext files to size 25, and obturated with GP/sealer using lateral compaction. Teeth divided randomly into four groups (group n=10). Protaper universal retreatment kit (PUR), D-Race desobturation files (DRD), R-Endo retreatment kit (RE) and Hedstrom (H) files (control) were used to remove GP/sealer in each group. Removal effectiveness assessed by measuring the GP /sealer remnants in the roots after sectioning them into two halves. Stereomicroscope with a digital camera used to capture digital images. Images processed by ImageJ software to measure the percentage of GP/sealer remnants surface area in total, coronal, middle and apical areas of the canal. In the coronal area,

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 02 2020
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
A Comparative Evaluation of Gutta-Percha and Sealer Removal of Rotary Niti File Retreatment Systems
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Publication Date
Wed Dec 12 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Relationship between General and Spinal Anesthesia and Its Impact upon Breast Feeding: Comparative Study
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Objective: To identified the relationship between general and spinal Anesthesia upon breastfeeding and (demographic &reproductive) : Comparative Study. Methodology: The present study employs a descriptive comparative design held at the labor and delivery room , operational room for cesarean section and maternity word in maternity department at Al Emamain Al Kadhamain Medical City in Baghdad city. Data collection was initiated on 2nd January to end of March /2014. Purposive sample consisted of (150) mother and her neonate, The study sample divided into three groups:(50) under general anesthesia , (50) under

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 20 2022
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
A Theoretical Investigation of Charge Transfer Dynamics from Sensitized Molecule D35CPDT Dye to SnO_2 and TiO_2 Semiconductor
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In this research, the dynamics process of charge transfer from the sensitized  D35CPDT dye to tin(iv) oxide( ) or titanium dioxide (  ) semiconductors are carried out by using a quantum model for charge transfer. Different chemical solvents Pyridine, 2-Methoxyethanol. Ethanol, Acetonitrile, and Methanol have been used with both systems as polar media surrounded the systems. The rate for charge transfer from photo-excitation D35CPDTdye and injection into the conduction band of  or  semiconductors vary from a  to  for system and from a   to  for the system, depending on the charge transfer parameters strength coupling, free energy, potential of donor and acceptor in the system. The charge transfer rate in D35CPDT /  the syst

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF LAMINAR NATURAL CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER IN A RECTANGULAR ENCLOSURE WITH AND WITHOUT INSIDE PARTITIONS
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Experimental study has been conducted for laminar natural convection heat transfer of air flow through a rectangular enclosure fitted with vertical partition. The partition was oriented parallel to the two vertical isothermal walls with different temperatures, while all the other surfaces of the enclosure were insulated. In this study a test rig has been designed and constructed to allow studying the effect of Rayleigh number, aperture height ratio, partition thickness, the position of aperture according to the side walls and according to the height, the position of the partition according to the hot wall, and partition inclination. The experiments were carried out with air as the working fluid for Rayleigh number range (5*107 – 1.3*10

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 01 2015
Journal Name
Arabian Journal Of Geosciences
Mishrif carbonates facies and diagenesis glossary, South Iraq microfacies investigation technique: types, classification, and related diagenetic impacts
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Publication Date
Wed Apr 06 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Management using the Six Sigma approach to cost rationalization of activities : Application in the Iraqi mechanical carpet factory
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The textile industries play a prominent role in reviving the national economy, but they are currently suffering from several problems, including the high costs of their activities, the low quality of their production processes, and accordingly, the hexagonal diffraction approach came to help analyze production activities to determine which of them are the most expensive and do not have a benefit or cost greater than Its benefit as a result of waste and losses that accompany its implementation. And by applying to the Iraqi mechanical carpet factory, the research reached several conclusions, the most important of which is the presence of several sources of waste and loss, such as activities and operations that do not add value, whi

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