Treated effluent wastewater is considered an alternative water resource which can provide an important contribution for using it in different purposes, so, the wastewater quality is very important for knowing its suitability for different uses before discharging it into fresh water ecosystems. The wastewater quality index (WWQI) may be considered as a useful and effective tool to assess wastewater quality by indicating one value representing the overall characteristic of the wastewater. It could be used to indicate the suitability of wastewater for different uses in water quality management and decision making. The present study was conducted to evaluate the Al-Diwaniyah sewage treatment plant (STP) effluent quality based on wastewater quality index (WWQI) for disposal according to Iraqi limitations. Wastewater samples were collected from Al-Diwaniyah STP during 2012-2016 and tested for a comprehensive analysis of physical and chemical analysis. The parameters included Total suspended solids (TSS), Nitrate (NO3), Biological oxygen demand (BOD5), and Chemical oxygen demand (COD). The determination of the WWQI was done using the weighted arithmetic method. The results showed that the effluent BOD5, COD and TSS concentrations were not in the Iraqi standards for effluent disposal. The WWQI of this effluent classified its quality within ranged from poor to very poor according to Iraqi standards (IQS) and very poor to very polluted under the world health standards (WHO), that could cause environmental pollution in the receiving river. The permanent solution is through the proper operation using scientific methods and training the operational staff using technical methods and then future solution, advanced treatment in the plant, by completing both the solutions above will lead to upgrade the effluent quality to achieve the required water standards.
This research aims at building a proposed training program according to the self-regulated strategies for the mathematics teachers and to identify the effect of this program on relational Mathematics of teachers. The sample of the research was (60) Math teachers; (30) teachers as experimental group and (30) teachers as control group. The results of the current research reacheded that the proposed training program according to some self-managed learning strategies, meets the needs of trainees with remarkable effectiveness to improve the level of their teaching performance to achieve the desired goals. Training teacher according to self-managed learning strategies is effective in bringing about the transition of training to their students
... Show MoreThe effects of scattering and secondary radiation generated inside the material on dose equivalent rate where studied using Co60 and Cs137 sources of activity (199.8 , 177.6) MBq , respectively for different thicknesses of Al , Pb and Pb- glass . The results showed that the equivalent rate increases when the effect of scattering was included for Al and Pb shields with cobalt-60 source of energy 1.25 MeV ; and decreases for Pb shield with Cs-137 source of energy 0.662MeV .The results showed also that the atomic number of The material effects the dose equivalent rate . The Pb-glass shield was found to be more efficient in absorption than other shields.
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Cu-Al-Ni shape memory alloy specimens has been fabricated using powder metallurgy technique with tube furnace and vacuum sintering environment , three range of Nb powder weight percentage (0.3,0.6,0.9)% has been added. Micro hardness and sliding wear resist has been tested followed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDX) for micro structure observation. The experimental test for the samples has showed that the increase of Nb powder weight percentage in the master alloy has a significant effect on increasing the hardness and decreasing the wear resist therefore it will enhance the mechanical properties for this alloy.
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The zirconia ceramic restoration (ZCR) is used as substitutes for the metal-ceramic restoration. Clinical studies demonstrating of ZCRs showed a high fracture incidence of veneering layer than metal-ceramic restorations. This attributed to the low bond strength of zirconia to veneering ceramic as a result of lacking of glass content in its matrix. Surface treatment was proposed to improve the bonding strength between zirconia and veneering ceramic. Several studies revealed that some treatment such as airborne particle abrasion (APA) is responsible for generating chipping of veneering ceramic. The study aimed to develop a new zirconia coatings to increase bonding strength between zirconia substrate and veneering porcelain. Three groups of 15
... Show MoreCaptopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) used to treat hypertension,
congestive heart failure, and myocardial infraction.
The only dosage form available for captopril is the plain tablet in strength of 12.5,25,50 and 100mg
tablet.
This investigation is concerned with factors affecting the formulation of captopril as a plain
tablet dosage form of 50mg. Many trials were made to prepare satisfactory tablets for the drug by
using wet – granulation methods with various additives. It was found that poly vinyl pyrrolidone
(P.V.P.) as binder gave the most satisfactory tablets. At the same time a shorter disintegrantion time
and slower dissolution rate were obtained with the addition of starch
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ABSTRACTBackground: In Iraq smoking is a common habit in both the urban and rural areas. There are many respiratory diseases like chronic bronchitis, bronchial carcinoma and emphysema which are related to chronic tobacco smoking.Objectives: To study the effect of tobacco smoking on the respiratory system, to establish a correlation between chronic tobacco smoking and its effects on the parameters which were studied and to create awareness in tobacco smokers about the effects of tobacco on their healthMethod: In this study 100 male subjects, 50 chronic smokers and 50 non- smokers were assessed for their pulmonary function tests by using a computerized spirometer.Results: Almost all their respiratory parameters were significantly reduced.
... Show MoreAtmospheric residue fluid catalytic cracking was selected as a probe reaction to test the catalytic performance of modified NaY zeolites and prepared NaY zeolites. Modified NaY zeolites have been synthesized by simple ion exchange methods. Three samples of modified zeolite Y have been obtained by replacing the sodium ions in the original sample with lanthanum and the weight percent added are 0.28, 0.53, and 1.02 respectively. The effects of addition of lanthanum to zeolite Y in different weight percent on the cracking catalysts were investigated using an experimental laboratory plant scale of fluidized bed reactor.
The experiments have been performed with weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) range of 6 to 24 h
... Show MoreThe current research aims to build a training program for chemistry teachers based on the knowledge economy and its impact on the productive thinking of their students. To achieve the objectives of the research, the following hypothesis was formulated:
There is no statistically significant difference at (0.05) level of significance between the average grades of the students participating in the training program according to the knowledge economy and the average grades of the students who did not participate in the training program in the test of productive thinking. The study sample consisted of (288) second intermediate grade students divided into (152) for the control group
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