STAG proteins, which are part of the cohesin complex and encoded by the STAG genes, are known as Irr1/Scc3 in yeast and as SA/STAG/stromalin in mammals. There are more variants as there are alternate splice sites, maybe three open reading frames (ORFs) code for three main proteins, including: SA1 (STAG1), SA2 (STAG2) and SA3 (STAG3). The cohesin protein complex has various essential roles in eukaryotic cell biology. This study compared the expression of the STAG1 gene in four different breast cancer cell lines, including: MCF-7, T-47D, MDA-MB-468, and MDA-MB-231 and normal breast tissue. RNA was extracted from these cell lines and mRNA was converted to cDNA, and then expression of the STAG1 gene was quantified by three sets of specific p

Tuberculosis (TB) still remains an important medical problem due to high levels of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A series of innate immune mechanisms that create a cytokine network control the pathogenesis of tuberculosis and this response has the capacity to modify the host genomic DNA structure through epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation which could constantly alter the local gene expression pattern that can modulate the metabolism of the tissues and the immune-response. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is an important pro-inflammatory cytokine regulator of the innate immune response to TB. This study aims to determine DNA methylation patterns of INF-γ gene promoter and measure serum IFN- γ level in newly diagnosed TB patient

Many studies revealed that Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent bacteria “that cause sexually transmitted infections in the world.^. Most of these infections are asymptomatic and there is a remarkable relationship between CT infections and male infertility. Therefore, “the present study is established to determine the effect of Chlamydia trachomatis infection on seminal fluid quality in males suffering from infertility compared with fertile males.. “Semen samples were collected from 63 infertile male and 13 fertile male as control group, attending the clinical laboratory for routine seminal fluid analysis. Seminal fluid was analyzed according to World Health Organization guidelines, the whole geno

Around fifty Escherichia coli isolates were isolated from sixty midstream urine specimens collected from patients visiting hospitals in Baghdad city. Approximately, 52% of all isolates were identified as extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) producer. Results demonstrated that 92% of these isolates were sensitive to carbapenems. Only four β-lactamase coding genes were detected; blaTEM, blaPER, blaVIM and blaCTX-M-2. As a conclusion, this work revealed that local E. coli isolates harboured ESBL coding genes which may contribute in its pathogenicity.

Viscosity (η) of solutions of 1-butanol, sec-butanol, isobutanol and tert-butanol were investigated in aqueous solution structures of ranged composition from 0.55 to 1 mol.dm-3 at 298.15 K. The data of (η/η˳) were evaluated based on reduced Jone - Dole equation; η/η˳ =BC+1. In the term of B value, the consequences based on solute-solvent interaction in aqueous solutions of alcohols were deliberated. The outcomes of this paper discloses that alcohols act as structure producers in the water. Additionally, it has shown that solute-solvent with interacting activity of identical magnitude is in water-alcohol system

A total of 100 clinical sample from (urine, sputum and swabs of wound , burn and ear) were collected from patients in different hospitals of Baghdad during the period from December 2013 to May 2014. 15 isolates (15%) identified belong to Acinetobacter baumannii, swabs of wounds were represented in high percentage of A.baumannii isolates (40%) while percentage of other samples were variable. Susceptibility of 15 A.baumannii isolates were tested toward 16 different Antimicrobial agents, the results showed all isolates were multi drug resistant. In addition, Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique (PCR) was performed to detection the resistance genes encoding the Oxacillinases enzymes. The PCR analysis showed that the presence of insertion sequ

Genus Salix is among family Salicaceae, distributing in the northern hemisphere. It is represented in Egypt by two species (Salix mucronata and Salix tetrasperma). The classification of Salix at the generic and infra-generic levels is still outstanding. We have agreed to list the Egyptian species of this genus. We collected them during field trips to most Egyptian habitats; fresh and herbarium specimens were subjected to taxonomic revision based on morphological characters; scanning electron microscope (SEM) for pollen grains; isozyme analysis using esterase and peroxidase enzymes and genetic diversity using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). We recorded that both sexes of S.