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alkej-367
Anaerobic Digestion and Codigestion of Chlorella Vulgaris Microalgae Biomass with Wastewater Sludge and Dairy Manure for Biogas Production
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Abstract

 

Anaerobic digestion process of organic materials is biochemical decomposition process done by two types of digestion bacteria in the absence of oxygen resulting in the biogas production, which is produced as a waste product of digestion. The first type of bacteria is known as acidogenic which converts organic waste to fatty acids. The second type of bacteria is called methane creators or methanogenic which transforms the fatty acids to biogas (CH4 and CO2). The considerable amounts of biodegradable constitutes such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins present in the microalgae biomass make it a suitable substrate for the anaerobic digestion or even co-digested with other organic wastes. The present work investigated methane biogas production by anaerobic codigestion of microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris biomass with organic waste from several sources such as wastewater sludge and dairy manure waste in different proportions as an additional carbon supply to enhance anaerobic digestion and therefore biogas production. Six bottles, employed as batch biodigesters each of 1 liter capacity, were used for that purpose at moderate conditions (35±2 oC). The produced biogas volume was monitored daily along 35 days and the results showed that the daily and cumulative biogas production was increased 4.5 times and 3 times for the bottles with 66.67% microalgae compared with the bottles with wastewater sludge or dairy manure waste only, respectively.

 Keywords: Anaerobic codigestion, biogas; dairy manure, microalgae Chlorella Vulgaris, wastewater sludge.

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 02 2021
Journal Name
The International Journal Of Nonlinear Analysis And Application
Atan regularized for the high dimensional Poisson regression model
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Variable selection in Poisson regression with high dimensional data has been widely used in recent years. we proposed in this paper using a penalty function that depends on a function named a penalty. An Atan estimator was compared with Lasso and adaptive lasso. A simulation and application show that an Atan estimator has the advantage in the estimation of coefficient and variables selection.

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 11 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Computing And Information Technology
A Survey on Emotion Recognition for Human Robot Interaction
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With the recent developments of technology and the advances in artificial intelligent and machine learning techniques, it becomes possible for the robot to acquire and show the emotions as a part of Human-Robot Interaction (HRI). An emotional robot can recognize the emotional states of humans so that it will be able to interact more naturally with its human counterpart in different environments. In this article, a survey on emotion recognition for HRI systems has been presented. The survey aims to achieve two objectives. Firstly, it aims to discuss the main challenges that face researchers when building emotional HRI systems. Secondly, it seeks to identify sensing channels that can be used to detect emotions and provides a literature review

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 13 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Spectroscopic study for plasma parameters in co-sputtering system
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In this work the parameters of plasma (electron temperature Te,
electron density ne, electron velocity and ion velocity) have been
studied by using the spectrometer that collect the spectrum of
plasma. Two cathodes were used (Si:Si) P-type and deposited on
glass. In this research argon gas has been used at various values of
pressures (0.5, 0.4, 0.3, and 0.2 torr) with constant deposition time
4 hrs. The results of electron temperature were (31596.19, 31099.77,
26020.14 and 25372.64) kelvin, and electron density (7.60*1016,
8.16*1016, 6.82*1016 and 7.11*1016) m-3. Optical properties of Si
were determined through the optical transmission method using
ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer with in the range
(

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 06 2016
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Indirect Method for Optimal Control Problem Using Boubaker Polynomial
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In this paper, a computational method for solving optimal problem is presented, using indirect method (spectral methodtechnique) which is based on Boubaker polynomial. By this method the state and the adjoint variables are approximated by Boubaker polynomial with unknown coefficients, thus an optimal control problem is transformed to algebraic equations which can be solved easily, and then the numerical value of the performance index is obtained. Also the operational matrices of differentiation and integration have been deduced for the same polynomial to help solving the problems easier. A numerical example was given to show the applicability and efficiency of the method. Some characteristics of this polynomial which can be used for solvin

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Methods for Removing Dyes from Polluted Water; A Review
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Most of the water pollutants with dyes are leftovers from industries, including textiles, wool and others. There are many ways to remove dyes such as sorption, oxidation, coagulation, filtration, and biodegradation, Chlorination, ozonation, chemical precipitation, adsorption, electrochemical processes, membrane approaches, and biological treatment are among the most widely used technologies for removing colors from wastewater. Dyes are divided into two types: natural dyes and synthetic dyes.

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
Aesthetic references for reductive forms in contemporary Iraqi sculpture
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Reduction has been linked visually in art since man began making functional and aesthetic forms, and this beginning can be identified with cave paintings. Reduction is one of the clearest indications of intellectual presence in aesthetic experience. Modernism was greatly supported by the great transformations that the intellectual movement witnessed in the world in general and in Europe in particular. There, and their transfer of European artistic experiences, and the reflection of this influence in their aesthetic sculptures, and for this reason the researchers find that the study of the aesthetic references of the reductive forms in the Iraqi sculptural experience represents a great importance in the study of the history of contemporar

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 07 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Google Classroom in Teaching Writing Composition for College Students
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Technology plays a vital role in all walks of life, one of these is Education. Google Classroom is one of the educational tools that are free of cost and recently has gained popularity within a short period in many countries, including Iraq. The primary purpose of this study is to explore the Google Classroom use in EFL learners' composition writing. The sample of the study is EFL Second-year College students from the College of Science for Women /Computer Science Department, which consisted of (35) students who have implemented Google Classroom for at least one semester in their classroom. The students were asked to finish two uncompleted paragraphs that have the only main idea and write a suitable conclusion to each one. The results sh

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Vertical Stress Prediction for Zubair Oil Field/ Case Study
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Predicting vertical stress was indeed useful for controlling geomechanical issues since it allowed for the computation of pore pressure for the formation and the classification of fault regimes. This study provides an in-depth observation of vertical stress prediction utilizing numerous approaches using the Techlog 2015 software. Gardner's method results in incorrect vertical stress values with a problem that this method doesn't start from the surface and instead relies only on sound log data. Whereas the Amoco, Wendt non-acoustic, Traugott, average technique simply needed density log as input and used a straight line as the observed density, this was incorrect for vertical computing stress. The results of these methods

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
A Signal Amplification-based Transceiver for Visible Light Communication
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Visible light communication (VLC) is an upcoming wireless technology for next-generation communication for high-speed data transmission. It has the potential for capacity enhancement due to its characteristic large bandwidth. Concerning signal processing and suitable transceiver design for the VLC application, an amplification-based optical transceiver is proposed in this article. The transmitter consists of a driver and laser diode as the light source, while the receiver contains a photodiode and signal amplifying circuit. The design model is proposed for its simplicity in replacing the trans-impedance and transconductance circuits of the conventional modules by a simple amplification circuit and interface converter. Th

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2021
Journal Name
مجلة الدراسات التربويو والعلمية
Effective reading skills in chemistry for middle school students
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