In this work, silver (Ag) self-metallization on a polyimide (PI) film was prepared through autocatalytic plating. PI films were prepared through the solution casting method, followed by etching with potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution, sensitization with tin chloride (SnCl2), and the use of palladium chloride (PdCl2) to activate the surface of PI. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) showed the highest peak in the (Ag) region and confirmed the presence of AgNPs. The diffraction peaks at 2θ = 38.2°, 44.5°, 64.6°, and 78.2° represented the 111, 200, 220, and 311 planes of Ag, respectively. The FT–IR analysis for Ag-metalized PI showed that the =C-O-C= stretching absorption bands at 1735 cm−1 had no changes in position, only a significant difference in peak size at the deposition time increase. The formation of new bands (N–H stretching absorption band and N–C stretching band) assigned at 2325 and 955 cm−1 indicated strong coordination between N atoms and silver nanoparticles. The C–C stretching and = C–H plane vibration band at 1488 and 1117 cm−1 are shifted to 1413 and 1112 cm−1, indicating the silver nanoparticles' interaction with the polymer backbone. The thermal stability of PI- and Ag-metalized PI films at various deposition times (5, 10, and 15 min) was examined using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). For PI, T0, T5, T10, and Tmax were observed to be 388°C, 402°C, 414°C, and 515°C, respectively. When the deposition time increased, the thermal stability increased. As a function of the deposition, the thickness and surface morphology of the copper layer on the PI films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
The study aimed to evaluate injuries and economic losses which caused by rose beetle Maladerainsanabilis (Brenske) on ornamental and fruit plants as introduced insect in Iraq during 2015 and determine infested host plants in addition to evaluate efficacy of pathogenic fungi Metarhiziumanisopiliae (1x10⁹ spore/ ml) and Beauvariabassiana (1x10⁸spore/ ml) in mortality of insect larvae in laboratory and field.The results showed that the insect was polyphagous infested many host plants (20 host plant)Which caused degradation and dead the plants through adult feeding on leaves and flower but large injury caused by larvae feeding on root plants which caused obligate dead to infested plant, the percentage mortality of rose plants 68.6%, pear
... Show MoreThe aim of this paper is to examine cases of deletion not dependent on linguistic context. Perlmutter (1971) claims that any sentence other than an imperative1 in which there is an S that does not contain a subject in the surface structure is ungrammatical. Dillon (1978) counts elliptical sentences such as ^ Beg your pardon2 as grammatically incomplete (and hence as strictly ungrammatical). Such statements are, however, not without problems for reasons that will be given below.
In this paper we introduce generalized (α, β) derivation on Semirings and extend some results of Oznur Golbasi on prime Semiring. Also, we present some results of commutativity of prime Semiring with these derivation.
The Objective of the research is to identify the Strategic Vigilance and effect in the Managerial Decision Quality, by knowing the interest of the organization influence the Strategic Vigilance in the Managerial Decision Quality, adopted four dimensions of the Strategic Vigilance is (Environmental Vigilance, Commercial, Competitiveness & Technology) to indicate the extent individually and collectively impact in the Managerial Decision Quality, The questionnaire was used as a main tool to survey the views of a sample of 45 managers, was named Supreme Judicial Council society for research, and the statistical program SPSS, and research found a clear positive impact dimensions Strategic Vigilance in the Manageri
... Show MoreAn accurate assessment of the pipes’ conditions is required for effective management of the trunk sewers. In this paper the semi-Markov model was developed and tested using the sewer dataset from the Zublin trunk sewer in Baghdad, Iraq, in order to evaluate the future performance of the sewer. For the development of this model the cumulative waiting time distribution of sewers was used in each condition that was derived directly from the sewer condition class and age data. Results showed that the semi-Markov model was inconsistent with the data by adopting ( 2 test) and also, showed that the error in prediction is due to lack of data on the sewer waiting times at each condition state which can be solved by using successive conditi
... Show MoreThe concepts of higher Bi- homomorphism and Jordan higher Bi- homomorphism have been introduced and studied the relation between Jordan and ordinary higher Bi- homomorphism also the concepts of Co- higher Bi- homomorphism and Co- Jordan higher Bi- homomorphism introduced and the relation between them in Banach algebra have also been studied.
Until recently, researchers have utilized and applied various techniques for intrusion detection system (IDS), including DNA encoding and clustering that are widely used for this purpose. In addition to the other two major techniques for detection are anomaly and misuse detection, where anomaly detection is done based on user behavior, while misuse detection is done based on known attacks signatures. However, both techniques have some drawbacks, such as a high false alarm rate. Therefore, hybrid IDS takes advantage of combining the strength of both techniques to overcome their limitations. In this paper, a hybrid IDS is proposed based on the DNA encoding and clustering method. The proposed DNA encoding is done based on the UNSW-NB15
... Show MoreThis investigation was carried out to estimate the antiparasitic potential of silver and Chitosan nanoparticles loaded with spiramycin against toxoplasmosis infected. After mice injected intraperitoneal in a dose 103viable tachyzoites for acute infection; then treated with spiramycin, chitosan nanoparticles and silver nanoparticles as a single or combined therapy given for seven days. Peritoneal fluid examination revealed a significant decrease in the number of