We are, today, facing a torrent of information, ideas, images and videos due to advances of communication technology and electronic publishing. In addition to the proliferation of social networking sites that allow individuals to use them and participate in their channels without any restrictions limiting their freedom in publishing. Due to these sites many terms have emerged like alternative media which use internet and its various techniques to serve its objectives notably the freedom of expression without restrictions. This research studies the phenomenon of interactive media i.e. alternative media through Facebook along with the freedom that makes it spreading in the society and the relation of individual freedom with social diversit

The Iranian nuclear program was one of the most prominent issues in the international arena, in light of Iran's insistence on using it in various ways, and according to international changes, it came under pressure from the American side to impose packages of sanctions, which continued to our time, as it went to Russia and China to gain support in developing its nuclear activities. And, by virtue of the common interests that are linked between them, Iran has received great support from the last two countries in all fields to reach the final agreement in 2015, regarding asserting the peace of these activities, in addition to lifting all restrictions represented in the previous sanctions according to the Security Council resolutions, Aldo

The first molecular research on Iraqi centipede fauna is presented in this article. Between October 2022 and May 2023, during various climatic circumstances, centipedes were collected from several locations in four provinces of Iraq. Three families, represented by four genera, underwent molecular identification, and five species were found. From the order Scolopendromorpha family Scolopendridae, two species were recorded, Scolopendra morsitans Linnaeus, 1758, and S. cingulata Latreille, 1829, Cormocephalus sp.; while from the order Lithobiomorpha, family Lithobiidae, one species was recorded for first time in Iraq; Lithobius crassipes L. Koch, 1862 from the order Geophilomorpha family Himantariidae, one species Bothriogaster Signata Kess

Background: Client satisfaction with the immunization service is used to evaluate the quality of the admitted service and at the same time it affects the goodness of the health care outcome.

Objectives: This study assessed the satisfaction with immunization services offered to children and factors affecting this satisfaction.

Methods: Exit interviews for clients were conducted in Baghdad, Al-Karkh in a representative sample of primary health care centers to assess clients’ satisfaction with immunization services. Clients are companions of children encountered at study settings.

Results: Among the 253 respondent clients, 183 (72.3%) reflected satisfaction with the immunization

التوجهات الفكرية الجديدة لانظمة دول العالم الثالث في ظل النظام العالمي الجديد : العراق نموذجاً

هدف البحث الى معرفة تأثير تمرينات أسلوب اللعب في تطوير سرعة ودقة التصويب من القفز المحتسب بنقطتين وثلاث نقاط ومن عدة مناطق مختلفة، وقام الباحثان بتصميم اختبارين جديدين لقياس سرعة ودقة التصويب من القفز (2-3 نقاط) ومن عدة مناطق مختلفة. واستخدم الباحثان المنهج التجريبي لملائمته مع طبيعة المشكلة، وتمثل مجتمع البحث على لاعبي اندية بغداد الخمسة وهم (الأعظمية، الكهرباء، الخطوط، الشرطة، النفط)، المشار

Iraqi goats (27) were used in this study .They were diagnosed clinically as cases of postpartum open pyometra (external &vaginal examination ) .This study was performed in vet med /Baghdad university and two regions from Baghdad province ,their age 2-5years from 2008-2011. They were divided randomly into three groups (9goats of each group) .The 1st group treated with 250 μg of estrumate I/M injected and 2gm (10ml) oxytetracycline 20% intrauterine (I.U).The 2nd group treated with estrumate in same dose and 1tube of Metricure I.U and the 3rd group treated with estrumate and 25ml of0.5% loguls iodine . Results showed that the number of goats responded were 77.7%, 66.6%and 88.8% in the 1st ,2nd and 3rd group respectively . The mean of t

        هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على تأثير التمرينات الخاصة الموضوعة من الباحث بالأسلوب الدائري في بعض أنواع القوة العضلية (القوة النسبية والقوة المميزة بالسرعة ومطاولة القوة) والإنجاز، لدى الرباعين ذوي الإعاقة، إذ استخدم الباحث المنهج التجريبي بأسلوب العينتين الضابطة والتجريبية، وتكونت عينة البحث من (4) رباعين للمجموعة الضابطة و(4) رباعين للمجموعة التجريبية، والتي تشكل نسبة (80%) من مجتمع البحث البالغ (10) رب

هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على تأثير تدريبات تحمل السرعة  في بعض المؤشرات الفسيولوجية للاعبي ركض (800) م لذوي الاعاقة البدنية المنتخب الوطني العراقي افراد عينة البحث ، ولتحقيق الهدف استخدم الباحثان المنهج التجريبي ذو تصميم المجموعة الواحدة (التجريبية) ذات الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي لملاءمته إجراءات البحث ، واشتمل مجتمع البحث على عدائي مسافة 800 متر لفئة المتقدمين من ذوي الاعاقة البدنية وتم اختيار العينة بالطر

هدفت الدراسة إلى قياس النشاط الكهربائي (المعدل والقمة) للعضلة الصدرية العظيمة لجهتي اليمين واليسار في تمرين الضغط على المسطبة المستوية باستعمال الأثقال الحرة وجهاز سميث، والتعرف على الفروق في النشاط الكهربائي للعضلة الصدرية العظيمة اليمين واليسار في تمرين الضغط على المسطبة المستوية باستعمال الأثقال الحرة وجهاز سميث وفي الشدد (50% و 75% و100%). واستعمل الباحث المنهج التجريبي بأسلوب المقارنة. وتم ا

ألخلفية: إحتباس ألدم ألدماغي وعلاقته بالاجسام ألمضادة للشحم ألفوسفاتي هو عرض شرياني شائع عند ألمرضى ألبالغين.

ألغرض من ألبحث :نسبة وجود ألمضادت للشحم ألفوسفاتي  عند ألمرضى ألمصابين بالجلطة ألدماغية ألذين أعمارهم 50 سنة أوأقل عند كلا ألجنسين مع وجود  أو عدم وجود عوامل أ لخطورة للجلطة، مع  ألمقارنة مع دراسات عالمية أخرى.

طريقة إجراء

خلفيةالبحث: ان نسبةحدوث تاخر الحمل مابعد الاربعين اسبوع مايقارب ال10 %من الحمل المنفرد وان اغلب الحالات يكون سببها الحساب غيرالدقيق للحمل حيث ان الحساب الدقيق يعتمد على موعد الدورةالشهرية الاخيرة وعلى السونرالمجرى في الاشهر الثلاثةالاولى من الحمل.

الهدف:تهدف الدراسة الى معرفة التاثيرات السلبية فيما اذا تأخر الحمل مابعد الموعد المحدد له على صحة كل من الام والطفل.

طريقة العمل:<

سرطان شبكية العين عند الاطفال العراقيين،  تجربة مستشفى حماية الأطفال التعليمي

د.راسم محمد الجميلي

أ.د.سلمى عباس الحداد

أ.م.د.مازن فيصل الجادري

د.أريج عماد كاظم

الخلاصة

الخلفية: : سرطان شبكية العين هو ورم العين الأكثر شيوعاً الذي يصيب الاطفال الصغار.

الأهداف: مراجعة الا

Background: Dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) is a well established non invasive test for the diagnosis and risk stratification of patients with coronary artery disease. Aim of the study was to conduct a pilot study in order to establish the basis for the future routine practice of DSE in our center (Ibn Al- Bitar Hospital for Cardiac Surgery).
Patients and Methods: Fifty consecutive patients who were referred from the outpatient of our center, from August 2007 to July 2008, were included. The age range was 39 – 70 years with an average of 57.18 years. Fifty-eight percent were males. Patients were enrolled in the study in accordance with the American Heart Association/ American College of Cardiol

Background: Human Cytomegalovirus ( HCMV ), lies dormant in the glial cells , and can be reactivated under conditions of inflammation and immunosuppression. In vitro, the virus can
transform cells and dysregulate many cellular pathways involved in oncogenesis. This study was conducted to detect HCMV matrix-protein mRNA using In Situ Hybridization technique in glial brain tumor tissues compared to normal brain tissues and the presence of cytomegalic inclusion bodies in brain tumor tissues.
Patients and Method: Thirty eight of glial tumor specimens were obtained in paraffin blocks compared to eight normal brain autopsy specimens which were age and sex matched with the
study group as a control group. ISH wa

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact two doses of Menaquinones-7 on hepatotoxicity induced by doxorubicin in rats. Sixty adult rats of both sexes were used in this study; the animals were randomly enrolled into six groups of 10 animals each. Group I: negative control (rats administered distilled water); Group II: Menaquinones-7 at a dose of  16 µg/kg; Group III: Menaquinones-7 at a dose of 48 µg/kg; Group IV: positive control (Doxorubicin 15 mg/kg); Group V: Menaquinones-7 at a dose of 16 µg/kg administered prior to a single dose of Doxorubicin 15 mg/kg; Group VI: Menaquinones-7 at a dose of 48 µg/kg administered prior to a single dose of  Doxorubicin 15 mg/kg. On day twelve of the study, blood was

هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على مستوى استخدام إدارة المعرفة وتكنولوجيا المعلومات لدى القيادات الإدارية تمكن مشكلة البحث في تذبذب الانجاز في هذه المرحلة العمرية وقد يكون اسباب عديدة منها القدرات البدنية ولاسيما السرعة والقوة العضلية سواء كانت انفجارية او قوة مميزة بالسرعة، ولهذه المرحلة العمرية بالذات، ولأهمية هذه المتغيرات للاعبي الوثب الطويل، لذا يحاول الباحث اللجوء إلى استخدام تمرينات مركبة تعليمية تدري

الخلفية: رباعية فالوت هي من تشوهات القلب الخلقية الشائعة وقد تتزامن مع توسع جذر الشريان الابهري قبل اجراء العلاج الجراحي او حتى بعده بعدة سنوات. لاقصى حد من علمنا هذه الدراسة هي الاولى من نوعها في العراق  التي تتعامل مع هكذا مشكلة .

الهدف من من الدراسة : تحديد تكرار توسع جذر الشريان الابهري لدى عينة من  الاطفال المصابين برباعية فالوت من مدينة  ا

Background: Normospermia might be a major problem to the doctor and the infertile couple because the male seminal sample has an accepted seminal parameters during the routine seminal examination and the female partner will be claimed for the infertility and she will suffered from coasty, painful, time consuming, non indicated investigations and treatments. Our purpose was to measure sperm creatine phosphokinase (CK) activity, which reflects cytoplasmic retention in immature spermatozoa and malondialdehyde in the seminal plasma which is a marker of oxidative stress in normospermic infertile males' seminal samples.
Patient and methods: Nine infertile men with aberrantly normal standard seminal analysis&nbsp

تجلت اهمية البحث من خلال في إعداد ادوات مساعدة و تمارين تأهيلية يحمل في طياتها إمكانية تطوير عمل الأربطة والأوتار العاملة على مفصل الكتف مما ينعكس على تطور القوة  الحركية في مفصل الكتف لدى لاعبي الفنون القتالية للشباب المصابين بالتمزق الجزئي لأوتار الكتف المدورة باستخدام ادوات مساعدة  ومشكلة البحث هناك كثرة التعرض لإصابات مفصل الكتف ولاسيما (تمزق الكفة المدورة) لما تتطلبه هذه الفنون من ا

Abstract

      Value Added Tax (VAT) is one of the most important types of indirect taxes because of its advantages in achieving financial, economic and financial objectives. The introduction of VAT is part of the reform of the structure of the Lebanese public tax system aimed at reducing the fiscal deficit and resulting inflation, which still lacks a general consumption tax. There is also an urgent need to increase treasury revenues , Because of its broad tax base, as it imposes on the consumption of locally produced and imported goods, in addition to the role played by this tax in support of the local product              &nbs

This study aimed to identify the educational leadership in the light of my theory xy and its relationship to the morale of the managers of the junior high school as the study population consisted of directors of junior high school in the city of Baghdad of six directorates education for the academic year 2013-2014 AD The number of managers (211) as director, and amounted to a sample Search of (150) director and director of the research community overall rate (71%) and represent this community fully representative sample, two tools were used in the study: the first measure of educational leadership in the light of my theory xy and the second tool to gauge morale.

Results concluded that the

    The emergence of COVID-19 has resulted in an unprecedented escalation in different aspects of human activities, including medical education. Students and educators across academic institutions have confronted various challenges in following the guidelines of protection against the disease on one hand and accomplishing learning curricula on the other hand. In this short view, we presented our experience in implementing e-learning to the undergraduate nursing students during the present COVID-19 pandemic emphasizing the learning content, barriers, and feedback of students and educators. We hope that this view will trigger the preparedness of nursing faculties in Iraq to deal with this new modality of learning and improve it should t

The Arab woman expressed the life of oppression that she suffers from in her masculine environment, as she expressed her linguistic abilities with eloquence and intelligence, as she did not neglect philosophy, wisdom,

Meropenem (MER) antibiotic is removed from an aqueous solution using Mg-Al-layered double hydroxide (Mg/Al-LDHs) which serves to functionalize the principal object of enquiry in this paper–sunflower husks (SFH).  The former sample demonstrated a 51% removal of MER while the latter demonstrated a 67% removal of MER. One of the areas explored was the impact of the rise calcination temperatures resulted in a concurrent increase in the surface area and porosity of LDHs which, in turn, provoked a heightened removal efficacy of MER at calcination temperatures between 300 °C and 350 °C. Nonetheless, LDHs experienced structural deformation and thus, diminished removal efficacy of MER when the ca

Using the policy of price has a significant impact to developing the production of a particular crop by increasing productivity, which is eventually reflected in achieving high rates of self-sufficiency of the crops. The research objective is to identify the most important economic and social effects that will result from cancelling or reducing this subsidy Using the Cost-Benefit Analysis. The results showed that the ratio of return to cost in the case of reducing subsidies for corn farmers about 0.92%, which indicates that the one dinar invested in the cultivation of the corn under the subsidy policy achieves about 0.92 dinar, which is higher than the ratio of return to costs In the absence of this policy, that reached 0.65%. Th

This study was aimed to evaluate the response of common bean cultivars to NPS fertilizer. Results revealed that the main effect of NPS rates, and cultivars highly significantly affected 50% days to flowering, number of primary branches per plant, pods per plant, hundred seeds weight, above-ground dry matter biomass, and grain yield. Nasir cv. provided highest  for all the studie parameters, among NPS rate, 100 kg ha^-1 recorded the highest results for the  50% days to flowering, the number of primary branches per plant, pods per plant, hundred seeds weight, above-ground dry matter biomass, and seeds yield. The interaction effects of NPS rate and cultivars highly significantly influenced days to 90% physiologic

This study was aimed to characterize Roseomonas mucosa isolate using molecular genetics and determination some bacterial virulence factors such as capsular, biofilm formation and antimicrobial susceptibility. By using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, the molecular characterization of the R. mucosa was done by using 16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Capsular detection was examined using nigrosin pigment. While Congo red agar and microtiter plate using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reader methods are used to determined bacterial isolate capability to produce a biofilm. The molecular charact

The objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of class V Er:YAG laser (2940 nm) cavity preparation and conventional bur cavity preparation regarding Intrapulpal temperature rise during cavity preparation in extracted human premolar teeth. Twenty non carious premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic purposes were used and class V cavity preparation was applied both buccal and lingual sides for each tooth .Samples were equally grouped into two major groups according to cavity depth (1mm and 2mm). Each major group was further subdivided into two subgroupsof ten teeth for each (twenty cavities for each subgroup). TwinlightEr:YAG laser (2940 nm) with 500mJ pulse energy, P.R.R of 10 Hz and 63.69 J/cm2 energy density was used. The ana

Here we report for the first time the presence of Apoleptomastix bicoloricornis (Girault, 1915) (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae), as parasitoid of the rice mealybug, Brevennia rehi (Lindinger, 1943) (Hemiptera, Psedococcidae) in Iraq. Brief notes are provided in distinguishing the parasitoid from other closely allied species.