Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the major globally distributed pathogens, which causes chronic and recalcitrant infections due to their capacity to produce biofilms in large part. Biofilm production represents a survival strategy in these species, allowing them to endure environmental stress by altering their gene expression to match their own survival needs. In this study, we co-cultured different clinical isolates of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa as mono- and mixed-species biofilms in a full-strength Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHI) and in a 1000-fold diluted Brain Heart Infusion Broth (BHI/1000) using Microtiter plate assay and determination of colony-forming units. Furthermore, the effect of starvation stress on the e

Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective controllers of asthma, although asthmatics vary in their response. FKBP51 is a major component of the glucocorticoid receptor which regulates its responses to corticosteroids. Therefore, the present study aims to identify the role of FKBP5 gene polymorphism in asthma susceptibility and corticosteroid resistance.

Thin films of (CdO)x (CuO)1-x (where x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) were prepared by the pulsed laser deposition. The CuO addition caused an increase in diffraction peaks intensity at (111) and a decrease in diffraction peaks intensity at (200). As CuO content increases, the band gap increases to a maximum of 3.51 eV, maximum resistivity of 8.251x 104 Ω.cm with mobility of 199.5 cm2 / V.s, when x= 0.5. The results show that the conductivity is ntype when x value was changed in the range (0 to 0.4) but further addition of CuO converted the samples to p-type.

An integrated lithofacies and mineralogical assemblage was used to describe a depositional model and sequence stratigraphic framework of the Maastrichtian–Danian succession in the Western Desert of Iraq and eastern Jordan. Fifteen lithofacies types were grouped into three associations recognized in a distally steepened ramp characterized by an apparent, distinct increase in a gradient paleobathymetric deepening westward. The clay and nonclay minerals are dominated by smectite and palygorskite, with trace amounts of kaolinite, sepiolite, illite and chlorite. Meanwhile, quartz, calcite, dolomite, opal CT (Cristobalite - Tridymite), and apatite are the main nonclay minerals. The widely dominated smectite in the Western Phosphatic Basin of Ir

  Pseudomonas aeruginosa is considered as a developing opportunistic nosocomial pathogen and is well-known for its multidrug resistance that can be efficiently treated by a combination of antibiotics andefflux pump inhibitors (EPI). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of curcumin as an EPI for the enhancement of the effectiveness of antibiotics against multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates ofP. aeruginosa. Susceptibility patterns of suspected bacteria was determined using the disc diffusion method andresistant bacteria were identified using chromogenic agar and 16S rDNA. The effectsof curcuminon the enhancement of antibiotics’s activity was evaluated usingthe broth microd

Synthesis of 2-(4-Acetyl-phenyl)-4-nitro-isoindole-1, 3-dione chalcones were performed by fusion of 3-nitro phthalic anhydride with p-aminoacetophenone. Then the later was grinded with different aromatic aldehydes in the presence of sodium hydroxide to produce new chalcones derivatives A3-10 without using any solvent formation of new N- arylphthailimide chalcones were confirmed by FT-IR,1HNMR, 13CNMR spectroscopy and all final compounds were tested for their antifungal and antibacterial activity some of them showed more biological activity than the standard drugs

Non-thermal or cold plasma create many reactive species and charged particles when brought into contact with plant extracts. The major constituents involve reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species and plasma ultra-violets. These species can be used to synthesize biologically important nanoparticles. The current study addressed the effect of the green method-based preparation approach on the volumetric analysis of Zn nanoparticles. Under different operating conditions, the traditional thermal method and the microwave method as well as the plasma generation in dielectric barrier discharge reactor were adopted as a preparation approach in this study. The results generally show that the type of method used plays an important rol

This research was aimed to study the pollen morphology for the genus Pterocephalus(Vaill)  from Dipsacaceae family in Iraq, and to utilize these feathers in isolating the species as valuable taxonomic traits for enriching Iraqi flora. The study included characteristics of the type, shape, size, sculpturing and apertures, as well as determining the full dimensions using light microscopy as well as numerical analysis of this species and draw polygonal shapes and denderogram  convergence between species. The results of the study of pollen and polygonal forms showed significant differences in the characteristics at the level of each species, which helps to identification the genus species, as it was found that the pollen was a tricolp

In this paper, a Cholera epidemic model is proposed and studied analytically as well as numerically. It is assumed that the disease is transmitted by contact with Vibrio cholerae and infected person according to dose-response function. However, the saturated treatment function is used to describe the recovery process. Moreover, the vaccine against the disease is assumed to be utterly ineffective. The existence, uniqueness and boundedness of the solution of the proposed model are discussed. All possible equilibrium points and the basic reproduction number are determined. The local stability and persistence conditions are established. Lyapunov method and the second additive compound matrix are used to study the global stability of the system.

Flaxseed from the flax plant (Linum usitatissimum), which has been cultivated for domestic use since prehistoric times. This study aims to investigate presence of antibacterial effect of flaxseed extract against selected oral pathogen in-vitro.

The level of liver enzymes and kidney functions in pregnant women in the second trimester of pregnancy at different age groups was determined. This study is composed of fifty pregnant women in the second trimester of pregnancy and were classified into two subgroups; first group included twenty-five pregnant with an age between 22-30 years, a second group included twenty-five pregnant with an age 35-42 years. A control group included twenty-five non-pregnant, healthy women was also included. Blood samples were obtained from each group, centrifuged, serum was collected from each group to measure liver enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP) and kidney function tests (urea and creatinine) were measured using enzymatic kits. The results of present study

The genic variation analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa after filtering the spurious variation appeared that 222 variable loci out of 5572 loci were detected. The type of variation analysis revealed that single nucleotide polymorphism was highly significant compared with other types of variation due the fact that the genome variation was achieved on the level of microevolution. Moreover, the proportional effect of functional scheme showed that genes responsible for environmental information were the highest comparable to another scheme. The genes of environmental information processing locate on outer membrane and face the defense strategy of the host therefore change in proteins coded by these genes lead to escape the immune system defense

Mammalian cell culture refers to culturing mammalian cells in a medium that provide nutrients for cells to be able to grow in vitro under environment that closely mimic the in vivo conditions. By enabling culturing these cells outside living biological entities, investigation on intra- and intercellular activities and flux; genetic and phenotyping analysis; proteomics, study of toxicology, drug discovery and development can be carried out without manipulation of living animals. In this chapter, detail protocol of media preparation, cell culture maintenance and preservation are elaborated for both types of mammalian cell culture, monolayer or suspension cultures. Determination of number of cells is discussed as well.

This research includes the synthesis of some new N-Aroyl-N \ -Aryl thiourea derivatives namely: N-benzoyl-N \ -(p-aminophenyl) thiourea (STU1), N-benzoyl-N \ -(thiazole) thiourea (STU2), N-acetyl-N ` -(dibenzyl) thiourea (STU3). The series substituted thiourea derivatives were prepared from reaction of acids with thionyl chloride then treating the resulted with potassium thiocyanate to affored the corresponding N-Aroyl isothiocyanates which direct reaction with primary and secondary aryl amines, The purity of the synthesized compounds were checked by measuring the melting point and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and their structure, were identified by spectral methods [FTIR,1H-NMR and 13C-NMR].These compounds were investigated as a

Currently no one can deny the importance of data protection, especially with the proliferation of hackers and theft of personal information in all parts of the world .for these reasons the encryption has become one of the important fields in the protection of digital information.
This paper adopts a new image encryption method to overcome the obstacles to previous image encryption methods, where our method will be used Duffing map to shuffled all image pixels ,after that the resulting image will be divided into a group of blocks for perform the shuffling process via Cross Chaotic Map.
Finally, an image called key image was created by using Quadratic number spirals which will be used to generate nu

Heavy metals are currently of much environmental concern. The contamination by heavy metals in plants and water is one of the major issues to be faced throughout the world. This research is tried to estimate levels of heavy metals in vegetative crops and soil irrigated with well water (as alternative source for irrigation). Samples of well water, soil and vegetative crops were collected from agriculture fields at Al-Dora district in Baghdad. Physico-chemical parameters (pH, EC, TDS and Salinity) were measured for water and (pH, EC and salinity) for soil samples. Estimation of Lead (Pb), Nickle (Ni), Zinc (Zn) and Iron (Fe) concentrations in water, vegetable crops (Raphanus sativus, Apium graveoleus, Beta vulgaris, Allium ampeloprasum, Le

The sunflower plants are attacked by serious seed and soil-borne pathogens including charcoal rot disease that caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. This disease has serious damages to sunflower crop. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus against charcoal rot disease as fungicide alternative.

This study was carried out to determine the effects of NaCl (0.00, 50, 100, 150, 180 or 200) mM and two different types of mutagens chemical mutagen ethyl methyl sulphonate (EMS) at 0.5% and physical mutagen UV-B irradiation (40 min time exposure), on mitotic division in two Iraqi rice genotypes Amber 33 (A33) and Amber Baghdad (AB). Different concentrations of NaCl were used. Mitotic index (MI %) was decreased significantly by increasing NaCl concentration, however the highest mitotic index was recorded in mutated genotypes with EMS and UV-B. Different abnormal chromosomes were noticed in mutated plants. Results showed high percentage of abnormal chromosomes in EMS mutated genotypes. In addition no significant differences between genotypes

In this research we prepared nanofibers by electrospinning
from poly (Vinyl Alcohol) / TiO2. The spectrum of the solution
(Emission) was studied at 772 nm. Several process parameter were
Investigated as concentration of PVA, the effect of distance from
nozzle tip to the grounded collector (gap distance), and final the
effect of high voltage. We find the optimum condition to prepare a
narrow nanofibers is at concentration of PVA 16gm, the fiber has
20nm diameter

The harmonic oscillator (HO) and Gaussian (GS) wave functions within the binary cluster model (BCM) have been employ to investigate the ground state neutron, proton and matter densities as well as the elastic form factors of two- neutron 6He and 16C halo nuclei. The long tail is a property that is clearly revealed in the density of the neutrons since it is found in halo orbits. The existence of a long tail in the neutron density distributions of 6He and 16C indicating that these nuclei have a neutron halo structure. Moreover, the matter rms radii and the reaction cross section (𝜎𝑅 ) of these nuclei have been calculated using the Glauber model.

Abstract: This paper presents the results of the structural and optical analysis of CdS thin films prepared by Spray of Pyrolysis (SP) technique. The deposited CdS films were characterized using spectrophotometer and the effect of Sulfide on the structural properties of the films was investigated through the analysis of X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD). The growth of crystal became stronger and more oriented as seen in the X-ray diffraction pattern. The studying of X-ray diffraction showed that; all the films have the hexagonal structure with lattice constants a=b=4.1358 and c=6.7156A°, the crystallite size of the CdS thin films increases and strain (ε) as well as the dislocation density (δ) decreases. Also, the optical properties of the

ABSTRACT:In this paper, Cd10–xZnxS (x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) films were deposited by using chemical spray pyrolysis technique, the molar concentration precursor solution was 0.15 M/L. Depositions were done at 350°C on cleaned glass substrates. X-ray dif- fraction technique (XRD) studies for all the prepared film; all the films are crystalline with hexagonal structure .The optical properties of the prepared films were studied using measurements from VIS-UV-IR spectrophotometer at wave- length with the range 300 - 900 nm; the average transmission of the minimum doping ratio (Zn at 0.1%) was about 55% in the VIS region, it was decrease at the increasing of Zn concentration in the CdS films, The band gap of the doped CdS films was varied as 3.7, 3