Adropin is a newly identified protein involved in the regulation of energy balance and carbohydrate metabolism; it has also been implicated in the development of insulin resistance. Despite the fact that it may offer a potential link to T2DM, conflicting reports exist in the literature with respect to the association between adropin and T2DM; further investigation was thus conducted.  The aim of this study is to assess the association between serum Adropin levels and glycemic indices in patients with T2DM. This study included 100 participants; fifty of them had T2DM without any complications, compared with 50 apparently healthy subjects representing control group. The age range for the T2DM patients was 18-75 years, whi

The study was designed to investigate Dodonaea viscosa efficiency in the uptake, translocation, and accumulation of Cadmium, Zinc, and Copper metals from contaminated soils. The phytoremediation of Dodonaea was assessed by cultivating the plant in pots. Plants were cultivated in an experiment with an average diameter of 26.5 cm and height of 30 cm for six months under different treatments of Cd, Zn, and Cu.  Metals concentrations in soil and plant parts were measured using the XRF instrument. Bioaccumulation factor (BF), translocation factor (TF), and Contamination factor (CF) were values. The results indicated that D. viscosa absorbed metals from the soil in the following order: roots > shoots > soil, a

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a significant global health concern due to its rapidly rising prevalence, coupled with the considerable side effects and risks associated with antidiabetic medications. Natural products are the main source of drug discovery which are believed to have lower side effects and toxicity than synthetic drugs in clinical treatments. The objective of this study was to reveal the antidiabetic activity of Basilicum polystachyon (Lamiaceae) as a potential medicinal plant, along with its chemical profile to solve the problem of this disease. Based on these results, 103 individual compounds were identified in the methanol extract of this plant. Molecular docking simulations revealed several major compounds w

     Granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis has impaired oocyte maturation and reduced pregnancy rates. Apoptotic markers have been investigated and are supposed to be reliable predictors of in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes. The present research aims to compare caspase-9 and cytochrome C levels in follicular fluid (FF) and their gene   expression (CASP9 and CYCS) in blood in pregnant and non-pregnant women. Further, to investigate if the apoptotic markers can be used in predicting IVF pregnancy outcomes. Two groups of women were recruited: the non-pregnant group (n=40) and the pregnant group (n=40). The CASP9 and CYCS expressions were inspected with the Quantitative Reverse Transcription–p

Automated fingerprint recognition and authentication have been widely used in biometrics applications and as a personal identity tool due to their dependability and unique characteristics. The person's fingerprint must be authentic and not altered or forged to be used to verify that person's identity. It is more difficult to determine whether a fingerprint is real /authenticated. The presented work aims to design two models based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) with the ability to detect whether the fingerprints are authenticated or not. The proposed methodology includes two levels: the first involves forgery detection of fingerprints. Whereas the second level exam ines fingerprint identification. Furthermore, a reliable deep lea

Task scheduling is one of the main problems in cloud computing. Proper utilization of resources is promoted through cloud computing, and a well-planned task schedule can result in efficient use of resources. To improve the overall performance of the cloud system, task scheduling and resource allocation have become basic needs to efficiently and effectively balance workloads among cloud resources. This paper proposed the Gorilla Troops Optimization-Task Scheduling (GTO-TS) algorithm depending on the artificial Gorilla Troops optimizer (GTO). The experimental evaluation used Cloudsim Simulator and comparison of its results with four methods: Minimum Execution Time (MET), Minimum Completion Time (MCT), Minimum- Minimum (Min-Min), and Maximu

This study evaluates the specific activity levels of Ra-226 (186 keV), Bi-214 (609 keV), Cs-137 (662 keV), Ac-228 (969 keV), and K-40 (1460 keV) in soil samples from the Diyala Bridge/Baghdad area using a NaI(Tl) scintillation detector for gamma-ray spectroscopy. Key parameters calculated include Radium Equivalent Activity, Gamma Dose Rate, External and Internal Hazard Indices, and the Gamma Index. In the results, the calculated Excess Lifetime Cancer Rate due to exposure to gamma ray were varied from 0.460×10⁻⁶ in sample (9) to 2.721×10⁻⁶ in sample (5), with an average of 1.236×10⁻⁶ across all samples. Also in this paper the concentration of Rn-222 in the air was estimated based on radium data, and doses from radon gas co

This study focused on the synthesis of novel polymers incorporating the 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring. Four polymers were specifically prepared by blending polymers (6-9) with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in defined ratios, resulting in the formation of blended polymers (10-13). The synthesized polymers were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H-NMR). The results showed that the structure aligned with the proposed synthetic polymers. Furthermore, the physical and thermal properties were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Additionally, the biological activity was examined against

This study shows that ethanol extracted from the (Tirmania nivea) has antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, which are common in cases of contaminated burns in the Al-Kindi Teaching Hospital. The effectiveness of the extract was evaluated by the well diffusion method using different concentrations ( 25, 50and 100 mg /ml. The results indicated a variation in inhibition levels, Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed an inhibition zone ranging from 2.667 to 9.0 mm, compared to a control in which no inhibition was shown. Similarly, the results of Staphylococcus aureus showed an inhibition zone of at least 8.667 mm and a maximum of 20.667 mm, com

This article studies and examine the concentration and heat transfer under long wavelength conditions in an asymmetric channel with a porous medium while an applying a magnetic field and rotation to the peristaltic flow Powell-Eyring. Considering low Reynolds numbers, all nonlinear partial differential equations are extracted using the perturbation method and MATHEMATICA, (19) program. The fluid is subject to a magnetic field and changes in concentration. As it flows within a porous medium, we have used a set of parameters and compared them in terms of (velocity, pressure). Examples of these parameters are Hartmann number (Ha), Darcy number (Da), rotation (Ω), etc. We notice that some parameters affect the increase in velocity and other

The goal of this study is to introduce a new concept on a lifting module. Let M be a unitary left  R-module, and let R be any ring with one. M is called 〖Rad〗_R*-lifting for short (R^*-lifting) for any A ≤ M, there are some submodule B of A that is M=B⨁B_1, B_1≤M and A∩B_1 ≪_R*B_1.We prove some characterization of this class of modules. We show that every R^*-hollow is R^*-lifting also. The quotient of R^*-lifting module is R^*-lifting under some conditions. Some results about this concept are given. The relation between this concept and other modules related with it are presented. In addition, FI-R^*-lifting was introduced as fallows: if for any submodule fully invariant A≤ M , there is some submodule D of M that is M=D

The primary goal of this research is to obtain an approximate solution to the  Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV equations with the lowest error rate, specifically when the time derivative is associated with a fraction and subject to specific initial conditions. In this work, two basic concepts are presented, the fractional Caputo derivative of order α>0 and the Sumudu Transform (ST), along with some inherent properties of this transformation. To address the problem at hand, a hybrid approach was adopted using numerical methods, combining the Sumudu Transform and the Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM). The Adomian Decomposition Method, as it is known, works to deal with complex nonlinear boundaries that are difficult to deal with directly.

In this study, new generalized derivative and integral operators are introduced, stemming from the newly developed new generalized Caputo variable order fractional derivatives (NGCVFDs). Utilizing these operators, a numerical method is devised to address variable order fractional differential equations (VOFDEs). The solutions of VOFDEs are approximated using shifted Legendre polynomials (SLPs) as basis vectors, and the derivative operational matrix of SLPs is extended to a generalized derivative operational matrix in the context of NGCVFDs. The efficiency of the numerical method is assessed through various test examples. Additionally, the outcomes of the proposed method are compared with existing methodologies in the literature. The vari

In this article, we propose for a linear regression model a new biased estimator aimed at mitigating the impact of multicollinearity on the estimation of unknown parameters. The idea of the proposed estimator is constructed as a combination of the unbiased ridge estimator (URR) and the ordinary ridge regression estimator (ORR). The statistical properties for the new estimator and other existing estimators are found. We demonstrate the advantages of this new estimator using the mean squared error criterion, showing that its mean squared error does not exceed that of either the URR or ORR individually. This simulation study supports these theoretical results, revealing that the new estimator outperforms both the URR and ORR. This suggests

In the current research, we dealt with the numerical method of Newtonian flow through the conical nozzle under incompressibility constraint by using a Taylor Galerkin Pressure Correction (TGPC) finite element algorithm. The governing equations that describe such problem consist of time-dependent equations for the conservation of momentum and continuity equation. The essential feature of this investigation is concerned with the effect of outlet dimeter of nozzle, length of the cylinder and conical angle on the component of solution. There, we found that the levels of velocity and pressure are increased as these parameters increase, it was found that the maximum velocity increased from 38.39 to 1254.67 when the ratio  increased from 1 to

One significant problem is the simultaneous absorption and diffusion of oxygen into the cells. When it comes to medical applications, it is crucial. There are two stages to the mathematical formulation of the problem. The stable case in which there is no oxygen transition in the isolated cell is examined in the first stage, and the moving boundary problem pertaining to the oxygen absorbed by the cell's tissues is examined in the second stage. A shifting border is a crucial component of the oxygen diffusion problem. In this paper, we present mathematical model of oxygen diffusion problem with time fractional derivative in Caputo sense. This problem is difficult to solve analytically, so we will use the variational approach to find the cor

This paper is based on two main concepts: the matching and interdiction. Consider the graph  that each edge has a positive weight. The purpose of the matching interdiction problem in the weighted graph G with the weight v(G) is to delete a subset of vertices, denoted by R^*, such that the weight of the maximum matching in the resulted graph is minimized. We first restrict this problem to the case of deleting two vertices of the in graph. Then, we compute the quantity  〖(v(G)-v(G[V\R^*]))〗∕〖(v(G)-v(G[V\R]))〗  some special classes of graphs, where v(G[V\R^*]) and  v(G[V\R]) are the weights of the maximum matching in the graphs G[V\R^*] and G[V\R], respectively. We show that the limit of this proportion in some sequences of gr

Caristi’s Theorem plays as an important rule to guaranties the existence of the fixed point for a single valued mapping and a Set-valued mapping that defined on complete partial b-metric spaces. In our paper some new generalizations of Caristi’s condition have been introduced and we use them in them in our work to give the guaranties in which the single and set-valued mappings have a fixed point on partial b- metric spaces. As well as, some applications have been studied to illustrate the mechanism of using these generalizations of Caristi’s condition.

     This study aims to assess the diversity of algal flora from some spring water in Shawre Valley. The non-diatom algal composition of four selected spring sites studied was situated at Shawre Valley within Ranya district Sulaymaniyah governorate every month from September 2022 to April 2023. A total of 79 algal species were identified from 6 divisions. The majority of them belong to Chlorophyta, with 35 species (44.30%), followed by Cyanophyta, with 32 species (40.51%) Euglenophyta with 5 species (6.33%), Xanthophyta with 4 species occupied (5.06%), Rhodophyta with 2 species (2.53%) and Charophyta with only one species occupied (1.26%). The most representative genus was Oscillatoria, with 6 taxa identified, each of Ca

     This work aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of chrysophanol derived from Trichoderma viride against some plant pathogenic fungi. A total of 160 infected plant samples were collected during the agricultural season of 2020-2021 from six plastic houses: two plastic houses (tomato plants) in Al-Rashidiya district, two plastic houses (eggplant plants) in Al-Nahrawan district and two plastic houses (cucumber plants) in Abu Ghraib district, Baghdad governorate. Five species of phytopathogenic fungi were isolated from infected plants and identified depending on morphological and microscopic characteristics. The results of microscopic examination showed that there were two species (Fusarium

     Breast tumor is the most common lesion among women. This study was designed to investigate the role of apolipoproteins A1 and B (ApoA1 and B) as risk factors in the progression in blood serum of benign and malignant breast tumors patients. Commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were utilized to calculate apolipoproteins A1 and B levels in the serum of forty women with benign breast tumors (age range 16–65 years), forty women with malignant breast tumors (age range 33–75 years), and forty healthy women (age range 24 to 54 years) as a control group. The study included two groups of patients diagnosed with malignant breast tumors: stage II (low-level) and stages III and IV (high-level). The results of the cur

Through the application of a Dirichlet boundary condition and under an additional integral-type condition, the recovery of the time-dependent coefficient in a one -dimensional parabolic equation is investigated in this paper. When data is entered, the solution is affected to a precarious status during exposure to random errors and noise. The Crank-Nicolson finite difference approach is implemented for the direct solution of the problem, while nonlinear numerical optimization is employed for the inverse problem. lsqnonlin, the MATLAB routine optimization tool, is applied to compute the last problem. The Tikhonov regularization approach must be used to produce smooth, stable answers. The evaluation and comparison with their identi

     The presence of antimicrobials and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB), in the aquatic environment is becoming a cause of great concern as the possibility of the development of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, even superbugs, is increasingly posing problems to the environment and human health. The main objectives of this study were to analyse the antibiogram profile, calculate the multiple antibiotic resistance indices, and assess the co-occurrence of resistance to several antibiotics in the isolates. Samples were collected from four sites: S1 Al-Muthana Bridge, S2 Al-Sarrafia Bridge, S3 Al-Senak Bridge, and S4 Al-Jadriyah Bridge from November 2023 until July 2024. This investigation included 32 Escherichia coli and 1

This paper proposes an optimized Deep Recurrent Neural Networks (DRNNs) for health care in IoT systems by selecting effective features and effective weight initialization based on genetic algorithm, to overcome the obstacles to training deep recurrent neural networks with restricted training data in feature space with high-dimensionality, such as over-fitting and vanishing/exploding gradients. Genetic algorithm is adopted for feature selection then the initial weights of the feature extraction layers are utilized to train the DRNNs, with the weights from the first stage of the feature selection layer being fixed. To enhance the network structures and determine the learning parameters, 10-fold cross-validation is employed. Performance eva

This paper aims present the main concepts of e*S-supplement submodules, weak e*S-supplement submodules, e*S-supplemented modules, weakly e*S-supplemented modules, cofinitely e*S-supplemented modules, and ⊕e*S-supplemented modules, as popularization of the concepts of supplement submodules, weakly supplement submodules, supplemented modules, weakly supplemented modules, cofinitely supplemented modules, and ⊕-supplemented modules respectively. We will prove some characteristics of these concepts.

This study encompasses the petrography, lithofacies analysis, and depositional development of the Zubair Formation in four boreholes (Ru-X1, R-X2, WQ-X1, WQ-X2) located within the Rumaila and West-Qurna oil fields. The Zubair Formation depositional basin was located in the Mesopotamian Foredeep during the Barremian age.

Zubair succession mainly consists of sandstone, specifically quartz arenite (or orthoquartzite), with about 93% or more quartz grains. Rocks containing over 20% lithic-fragments and minor feldspars are classified as lithic-arenites, and those containing over 30% clay content along with minor lithic fragments are classified as greywackes. Five main lithofacies have been identified within two dominant rock groups acr

The increasing prevalence of free radical-related diseases has led to a greater reliance on herbal medicines, such as Moringa oleifera (ML), as antioxidants. However, limited evidence exists regarding the combined effect of herbal and conventional antioxidants on malondialdehyde (MDA) levels.  This research assessed simplisia characterization, phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity of ML water extract (ML-WE), and serum MDA levels in animal models using ELISA. Forty-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups: a negative control, a positive control, and five treatment groups. All treatment groups were exposed to lead for seven days, followed by supplementation with either ML-WE (200 mg/kg BW), vitamin C (36 m

     Alkaloids were deliberated  in the leaves and callus of Datura stramonium L. to  evaluate different nano-stimulated treatments to augment  bioactive substances in the callus. Datura callus cultures were established on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 1 mg/L and benzyl adenine (BA) at 0.5 mg/L. The results recorded a maximum callus fresh and dry weight (547.56 and 50.76 mg, respectively). The HPLC assay detected three alkaloids from the callus and leaves of D. stramonium . The analysis displayed that the callus cultures that developed on the cultural medium were lacking manganese oxide nanoparticles (MnO₂-NPs), recorded valuable content of h