The Principal-Components-Analysis (PCA) of KL-transform has been utilized as multi operators, (i.e. enhancement, compressor, and temporal change detector). Two images pair (Al-Jaderiya-Baghdad-Iraq) of 3-bands Landsat ETM+ (14.25 spatial-resolution) and Panchromatic Quick-Bird (0.6 meter) images are adopted to perform the PC analysis. Since most of the image band's information are presented in the first PCs, therefore image classification and change detection procedures are performed with little consuming time. The linear “PCA” transformation can be used to translate and rotate data into a new coordinate system that maximizes the variance of the data. It can also be implemented for enhancing the information content.

Properties of the value function and dual value function for an optimal control problems of Lagrange and Bolza are described. A main theorem is proved, this theorem deals with the existence of a maximum solution to the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for the Lagrange problem, with satisfies the Lipschitz condition by using the dual dynamic programming method. Finally gives an example which illustrates the value of the main theorem.

Deposition environment and diagenesis processes are very important factors which affect and control the reservoir properties.  The carbonate Mishrif Formation has been selected as a carbonate reservoir in selected wells from southeastern Iraq to understand the influence of the Deposition environment and diagenesis processes on the carbonate reservoir. A core examination of thin sections, shows that Mishrif Formation comprises of six depositional environments, these are: deep marine, lagoon, rudist biostrome, back shoal, and shallow open marine.  These environments have effect by many diagenetic processes, including dolomitization, dissolution, micritization, cementation, recrystallization and Stylolite, some of these processes

     A Spectroscopic study has been focused in this article to study one of the main types of active galaxies which are quasars, and to be more precise this research focuses on studying the correlation between the main engine of Quasi-Stellar Objects (QSO), the central black hole mass (SMBH) and other physical properties (e.g. the star formation rate (SFR)). Twelve objects have been randomly selected for “The Half Million Quasars (HMQ) Catalogue” published in 2015 and the data collected from Salon Digital Sky survey (SDSS) Dr. 16. The redshift range of these galaxies were between (0.05 – 0.17). The results show a clear linear proportionality between the SMBH and the SFR, as well as direct proportional between the luminosity at

      Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifactorial chronic autoimmune disease, with a wide spectrum of effect. The main feature of the disease is the production of a wide variety of autoantibodies as a result of immune tolerance loss. The work aims to evaluate the miRNA-146a gene polymorphism potential association with disease activity and chronicity changes in SLE patients. The study included 100 SLE patients and 50 matched controls. The systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) was assessed. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of miR-146a gene (rs2910164) polymorphism was assayed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing technique in patients and control. 100 SLE pati

To evaluate the Combination effect of Nitrogen laser and chlorohexidine on the viability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that isolated from burns, the samples of bacteria were irradiated with 337.1 nm Nitrogen laser using 5 and 10 pulses/second repetition rates , at 1 , 5, 10 ,15, 25 minutes exposure times . The irradiation was done with and without treatment with chlorohexidine respectively. The results showed that there is a noticeable effect of Laser on the viability of bacteria with the presence of chlorohexidine. The viability of bacteria decreased with increasing the exposure time and pulse repetition rate.

Ultrasound imaging is often preferred over other medical imaging modalities because it is non-invasive, non-ionizing, and low-cost. However, the main weakness of medical ultrasound image is the poor quality of images, due to presence of speckle noise and blurring. Speckle is characteristic phenomenon in ultrasound images, which can be described as random multiplicative noise that occurrence is often undesirable, since it affects the tasks of human interpretation and diagnosis. Blurring is a form of bandwidth reduction of an ideal image owing to the imperfect image formation process. Image denoising involves processing of the image data to produce a visually high quality image. The denoising algorithms may be classified into two categorie

     This paper considers the maximum number of weekly cases and deaths caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in Iraq from its outbreak in February 2020 until the first of July 2022. Some probability distributions were fitted to the data. Maximum likelihood estimates were obtained and the goodness of fit tests were performed. Results revealed that the maximum weekly cases were best fitted by the Dagum distribution, which was accepted by three goodness of fit tests. The generalized Pareto distribution best fitted the maximum weekly deaths, which was also accepted by the goodness of fit tests. The statistical analysis was carried out using the Easy-Fit software and Microsoft Excel 2019.

     The problem of reconstruction of a timewise dependent coefficient and free boundary at once in a nonlocal diffusion equation under Stefan and heat Flux as nonlocal overdetermination conditions have been considered. A Crank–Nicolson finite difference method (FDM) combined with the trapezoidal rule quadrature is used for the direct problem. While the inverse problem is reformulated as a nonlinear regularized least-square optimization problem with simple bound and solved efficiently by MATLAB subroutine lsqnonlin from the optimization toolbox. Since the problem under investigation is generally ill-posed, a small error in the input data leads to a huge error in the output, then Tikhonov’s regularization technique is app

Four N-substituted maleisoimides were prepared via dehydration of the corresponding maleamic acids usingNN,- dicyclohexylcarbodiimide as dehydrating agent. The prepared maleisoimides were introduced in free radical copolymerization with three selected vinylic monomers including acrylonitrile, methylmethacrylate and methylacrylate producing new copolymers having different physical properties. Moreover three maleisoimide homopolymers were prepared via free radical polymerization of N-substituted maleamic acids followed by their dehydration with ethyl chloroformate/Et3N.
The new homopolymers and copolymers are of great importance since it contain isoimide ring in their repeating units which rearrange gradually with time and use to t

In the current research work real time gamma correction (contrast balancing) procedure were performed. The motivation behind this research work is to reproduce an accurate image on the monitor for an uncorrected image on a particular computer system. But, in the real world, it isn't quite this simple, especially when an image needs to look good on different systems, or platforms because most computers, or more specifically, most computer systems, do not work in exactly the same way. However, the current work exploit the advantage that the most monitors work in about the same way with respect to gamma correction to reproduce correction image. Different images from real world were tested using current procedure to illustrate efficiency of

كمحاولة لتعيين موقع الحد الفاصل بين النطاق المستقر والنطاق غير المستقر ثم اج ا رء تحليل ود ا رسة
44 ) شرقاً وبين دائرتي 11 42 و 45 56 لخارطة شواذ بوجير للمنطقة التي تقع بين خطي طول ( 45
33 ) شمالاً. 19 31 و 21 43 عرض ( 36
تضمن البحث اج ا رء تحليل نوعي وكمي للمعطيات الجذبية حيث اخذت الق ا رءات الجذبية من خارطة شذوذ
5) كيلومت ا رً. شمل التحليل النوعي × بوجير الجذبية والتي بلغ عددها ( 896 ) ق ا رءة، وبفاصلة شبكية مقدارها ( 5
ل

Qa'a Selma (as a playa) is located on the northern basaltic flow of northeast Jordan, about 35 km northeast of the Safawi town. The present climate of the region is characterized by seasonal rain (during winter) and it has mild winter and temperate dry summer. Late Pleistocene palaeoclimatic and palaeohydrologic conditions of Qa'a Selma are deduced based on lake level changes. One palaeoshoreline was delineated at 745m a.s.l. and 4m above the present one (1m above the bottom of Qa'a). The Qa'a is located at 740m a.s.l. The present Qa'a area is calculated to equal 18 km2, where its area has increased during the Late Pleistocene pluvial period and calculated to reach 36 km2. The Drainage basin area is calculated as well to equal 15000 km2.

Dust grain in plasma is charged up by collecting electrons and ions from the
plasma, this charging process has been studied for laboratory dusty plasma. The
Orbital Motion Limited theory predicts the electron and ion currents toward the
grain, the discrete charging model uses these current values and converts it to
probabilities for collecting individual electrons and ions, this model assumed that
discrete charges will be collected at random intervals in a random sequence.
A program with FORTRAN programming language has been built to translate the
discrete model to simulate the charging process. Then, the value of the charge
number and their fluctuations as a function of time, charging time and mea

Virus is a program which is able to replicate with little or no user intervention,
and the replicated program(s) are able to replicate further. Writing a good virus is
challenging, the best viruses are written in C language, and building as executable
file from C source code to plant virus code into another executable. The result either
prohibitively large, or very dependent on the completeness of the target installation.
Real viruses approach the problem from the other end. They are aggressively
optimized for code size and do only what's absolutely necessary. However, this has
some limitations and the solution to these limitations is complicated and makes the
virus more likely to fail. This paper

In this work we present the concepts of topological Γ-ring, norm of topological Γ-ring, homomorphism, kernel of topological Γ-ring and compact topological Γ-ring

In this research, the effect of electrode material on the parameters of the produced DBD plasma was investigated. First, a non-thermal plasma was created by applying a 15 kV AC voltage between two electrodes and using a glass plate as a dielectric barrier in the design Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma system. The obtained plasma spectrum was analyzed using optical emission spectroscopy to calculate plasma parameters by the Boltzmann plot method. Electrodes made of copper, aluminium, and stainless steel were employed in this research. Electron temperature ( ) for copper, aluminium, and stainless steel was found to be (1.398 eV), (1.093 eV) and (1.009 eV), respectively.

     Water treatment plants play an important role in the purification and distribution of safe drinking water to the public. The present study focused on the performance assessment of the Al-Rasheed water treatment plant [ARWTP]. The main objectives of the assessment were to determine the efficiency of various plant units as well as the quality of inlet water from the Tigris River. Results obtained from the collected data indicated the presence of high concentrations of soluble nitrate and phosphate ions in the filtered water. The removal efficiency of alkalinity, EC, total hardness, SO₄, Cl, NO₃ and PO₄ were found to be (+11.05%), (-0.67%), (-29.33%), (-2.64%), (-6.25%), (-32.13%), and (0%) respecti

     Agriculture improvement is a national economic issue that extremely depends on productivity. The explanation of disease detection in plants plays a significant role in the agriculture field. Accurate prediction of the plant disease can help treat the leaf as early as possible, which controls the economic loss. This paper aims to use the Image processing techniques with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). It is one of the deep learning techniques to classify and detect plant leaf diseases. A publicly available Plant village dataset was used, which consists of 15 classes, including 12 diseases classes and 3 healthy classes.  The data augmentation techniques have been used. In addition to dropout and weight reg

Entamoeba histolytica was isolated from bloody mucoid stools of patients with amebic dysentery and cultivated on Lock-egg medium to which human serum was added. The parasites were maintained in culture for two weeks during which separate subcultures were prepared.
The effect of a water extract and of an alcoholic extract of seeds of Peganum harmala and leaves of Artemisia herba-alba on the viability of E. histolytica was tested. The effect of a combination of the water extracts and of the alcoholic extracts of both plants on amebic viability was also tested at concentrations of 1000 mg / ml and at 1500 mg / ml for two hours. The results showed a marked effect of both combinations of water extracts and of alcoholic extracts on viabil

A number of disorders characterized by aberrant cell proliferation are referred to as cancers. Cancer is a complicated group of mutagenic diseases that can move or infiltrate to other parts of the body. It develops through a multi-step process. The need for new therapeutic strategies is driven by malignancies resistance to conventional therapies. Use of the Newcastle disease virus as an oncolytic agent has advanced and expanded in immunocompetent carcinoma tumor models by utilizing reverse genetics techniques. Preclinical investigations have shown that recombinant NDV (rNDV-GFP), which expresses foreign genes, is proven to be effective in cancer treatment. Green fluorescent protein gene is usually used as an expression reporter for certa

     The 2D electrical resistivity imaging (ERI) is a non-destructive method with good efficiency to detect shallow subsurface features. The archeological subsurface features were investigated with this method in most cases with the assistance of other methods such as GPR method. Eleven 2D ERI profiles were carried out to investigate the subsurface archeological features in the Kish site in the Babylon area. The 2D electrical resistivity survey was achieved with ABEM Terrameter-LS2 Device and 30 electrodes with 1-meter spacing between the adjacent electrodes along each profile. The length of the profile is 29 meters and the spacing between the adjacent profiles is 3 meters. The software RES2DINV was used to obtain the final inverted

     Echinococcosis is a common parasitic disease in humans and ruminants; it is considered as a health and economic problem in most parts of the world. The present study aims to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo scolicidal effects of Psidium guajava extracts on the protoscolices from hydatid cysts of Echinococcus granulosus. Protoscolices were aseptically aspirated from the livers of naturally infected sheep. Various concentrations of the extract were used for 6-48hrs. Eosin staining (0.1%) was used to determine the viability of protoscolices. The findings showed that the extract at the concentrations of 100 mg/ml killed 100% protoscolices after 48 hrs. However, the concentrations

This paper presents a new numerical method for the solution of ordinary differential equations (ODE). The linear second-order equations considered herein are solved using operational matrices of Wang-Ball Polynomials. By the improvement of the operational matrix, the singularity of the ODE is removed, hence ensuring that a solution is obtained. In order to show the employability of the method, several problems were considered. The results indicate that the method is suitable to obtain accurate solutions.

    This research had been achieved using 2D seismic sections to study the presence of subsurface salty bodies in the Khashim Al-Ahmer, Galabat, Injana fields as a case study. The selected oil fields is located to the northeast of Baquba city within Diyala Governorate.

    The study aims to determine the salt accumulations of the selected fields and their role in the formation of oil traps.

    The interpretation of seismic data was focused on two reflectors Fatha and Jeribe Formations which belong to the lower and Middle Miocene. Structurally, Two systems of reversal faults are affecting the fields, according to seismic sections, the first represents thrust faults affected on the top part of Fatha (Red Beds &

This work includes synthesis of new heterocyclic derivatives of 2-mercpto-3-phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone bearing 1, 2, 4-triazole and acetylenic amines moieties by using two ways. The first way includes reaction of 2-mercpto-3-phenyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone (1) with ethyl-2-bromopropanoate in methanol as solvent to gives ester derivative (2). Then, compound (2) was converted to (hydrazide, simecarbazid, phenylsimecarbazide and thiosimecarbazide) derivatives through its reactions with (hydrazine hydrate, simecarbazid, phenylsimecarbazide and thiosimecarbazide) respectively to give compounds (3-6). Finally, the cyclization of compounds (4-6) in alkaline media (4N-NaOH) gave the corresponding substituted triazole derivatives (7-9) respectively. W

Seventy exudative lymphocytic pleural fluid specimens of patients with suspected tuberculous pleural effusion submitted to the National Reference Laboratory of tuberculosis/Baghdad from October 2012 to February 2013. These effusions were due to tuberculosis pleuritis (n=12) and non-tuberculosis pleuritis (n=58). The following parameters were analyzed: protein concentration, glucose concentration, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration and adenosine deaminase activity (ADA). As a result, the protein concentration was higher in TPE patients (8.80 ± 0.89 g/dl) than it's concentration in non-TPE patients (7.61 ± 0.54 g/dl), as well as LDH concentration was (3366.58 ± 284.28 U/L) in TPE patients and (3024.12 ± 116.84 U/L) in non-TPE pa

The characterizations of reservoir require reliable knowledge of certain fundamental reservoir properties. Log measurements can define or at least infer these properties: resistivity, porosity, shale volume, lithology, and water, oil, or gas saturation and permeability. The current study represents evaluation of petrophysical properties in well LU-12 for Zubair Formation in Luhais Oil Field, southern Iraq. The petrophysical evaluation was based on geophysical well logs data to delineate the reservoir characteristics of Zubair Formation. The available geophysical well logs such as (sonic, density, neutron, gamma ray, SP, and resistivity logs) are digitized using the Didger software. The environmental corrections and petrophysical paramete

It has been well documented that hemodialysis patients have impaired immune response, which may result in higher prevalence rates of viral infections, including CMV. Infections in these patients may be due to primary infection or, more commonly, by reactivation of latent virus or re-infection with exogenous virus, which may be introduced by blood transfusion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of CMV-IgG and IgM antibodies among hemodialysis patients. The current research included 116 hemodialysis patients (69 male and 47 female) who attended to Tikrit Teaching Hospital for the period from beginning of October/2013 to the end of April/2014. CMV-IgG was found in 102 out of 116 (87.9%), while CMV- IgM was detected in 10 ou