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Iraqi Journal of Science College of Science - University of Baghdad
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ISSN: 0067-2904
eISSN: 2312-1637
Statistics
No. of publications: 5096
No. of views: 1590035
No. of Scopus citations: 7469
No. of Crossref citations: 2604
SNIP 2023: 0.788
SJR 2023: 0.259
CiteScore 2023: 1.5
CiteScore 2024: 2.1
Publication Date
Sun Jul 31 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Microbiological Effect of Lemongrass Cymbopogon Citratus and Spearmint Mentha Spicata Essential Oils as Preservatives and Flavor Additives in Yogurt
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     This study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of Cymbopogon citratus and Mentha spicata essential oils, separately and mixed, against the microorganisms in yogurt, as well as study the possibility of these essential oils (EO) as natural preservatives and flavors additives/enhancers in yogurt product. Yogurt samples were treated with lemongrass and spearmint EOin different concentrations (250, 500, 1000 ppm: 6250µg/50 ml yogurt, 12500 µg/50 ml yogurt and 25000 µg/50 ml yogurt respectively). The control and treated samples were preserved both at room (25°C) and refrigerator (5°C)  temperatures. In control, the contamination was observed through 2 weeks at 25°C and for about one month at 5°C

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Scopus (7)
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Publication Date
Thu Jun 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Enhancement Digital Forensic Approach for Inter-Frame Video Forgery Detection Using a Deep Learning Technique
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    The digital world has been witnessing a fast progress in technology, which led to an enormous increase in using digital devices, such as cell phones, laptops, and digital cameras. Thus, photographs and videos function as the primary sources of legal proof in courtrooms concerning any incident or crime. It has become important to prove the trustworthiness of digital multimedia. Inter-frame video forgery one of common types of video manipulation performed in temporal domain. It deals with inter-frame video forgery detection that involves frame deletion, insertion, duplication, and shuffling. Deep Learning (DL) techniques have been proven effective in analysis and processing of visual media. Dealing with video data needs to handle th

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Scopus (11)
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Publication Date
Sun Jul 31 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Some Pyranopyrazole Derivatives as Multifunction Additives for Medium Lubricating Oils
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      The current work involves synthesis of 6-amino-4-(4-hydroxyl-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1,4- dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-5-carbonitrile (2) by condensation of 2-(4-hydroxyl-3-methoxybenzylidine) malononitrile (1) with 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one. The product 2 was then reacted with various aldehydes to form a series of Schiff base derivatives 3a-h. The reaction of the chosen Schiff base derivatives (3a and 3b) with mercaptoacetic acid gave thiazolidinone derivatives (4a and 4b). The structures of prepared compounds were confirmed using FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13

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Scopus (13)
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Publication Date
Sun Jul 31 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Stratigraphy and Basin Development of the Oligocene-Early Miocene Succession, Southeastern Iraq
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      The study area is situated in the northern part of the Arabian Plate. The evolution of the Zagros Foreland basin is related to the compressional tectonic system at the beginning of the Tertiary Period.

This study gives an adequate nomenclature for the Oligocene – Early Miocene Sequence is Missan Group. The Buzurgan Oilfield was chosen to represent the stratigraphic column corresponding to that period. These sediments were subdivided into two cycles, where each one ends by a sequence boundary, equivalent to the lowstand siliciclastic residues in the basin center. The first cycle, Paleocene-Oligocene Epoch, was deposited marly limestone with planktonic foraminifera in the basin center during the transgressive and highst

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 31 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Potential Role of TLR3 and RIG-I Genes Expression in Surviving COVID-19 Patients with Different Severity of Infection
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      Immunological genes, including TLR3 and RIG-I, have recently been established to have linked to predisposition to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its severity. The purpose of this case-control study (100 recovered COVID 19 cases and 100 healthy individuals) was to determine the role of gender, age, TLR3 and RIG-I genes in COVID-19 aggressiveness. TLR3 and RIG-I gene expression was detected using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). COVID-19 infection intensity increased with age and no statistical difference between males and females (p>0.05) was found. TLR3 and RIG-I gene expression levels were higher in patients compared to hea

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 31 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Elliptic Curve Cryptography Performance Evaluation for Securing Multi-Factor Systems in a Cloud Computing Environment
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     In the contemporary world, the security of data and privacy policies are major concerns in cloud computing. Data stored on the cloud has been claimed to be unsafe and liable to be hacked. Users have found it difficult to trust their data in the cloud. Users want to know that their data is accessible from anywhere and that an unauthorized user will not be able to access it. Another area of concern is the authentication of users over the cloud. There are a number of security concerns with Cloud Computing which include Distributed Denial of Service, Data leakage, and many more, just to mention a few. In this paper, an Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) algorithm is used for the encryption and decryption of the information stored on

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Scopus (9)
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Publication Date
Sun Jul 31 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Adsorption of Biebrich Scarlet Dye into Remains Chromium and Vegetable Tanned Leather as Adsorbents
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     Chromium tanned leather wastes (CTLW) and vegetable tanned leather wastes (VTLW) were used as adsorbent materials to remove the Biebrich scarlet dye (BS), as an anionic dye from wastewater, using an adsorption method. The effects of various factors, such as weight of leather waste, time of shaking, and the starting concentration of Biebrich scarlet dye, temperature and pH were studied. It described the adsorption process using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The obtained results agreed well with the Langmuir model, and the maximum adsorption capacities of CTLW and VTLW were 73.5294 and 78.1250 mg.g⁻¹, respectively, suggesting a monolayer adsorption process. The adsorption kinetic was found to follow a pseudo-second-o

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Scopus (8)
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Publication Date
Thu Jun 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Survey For Arabic Part of Speech Tagging based on Machine Learning
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      The Arabic Language is the native tongue of more than 400 million people around the world,  it is also a language that carries an important religious and international weight.  The Arabic language has taken its share of the huge technological explosion that has swept the world, and therefore it needs to be addressed with natural language processing applications and tasks.

This paper aims to survey and gather the most recent research related to Arabic Part of Speech (APoS), pointing to tagger methods used for the Arabic language, which ought to aim to constructing corpus for Arabic tongue. Many AI investigators and researchers have worked and performed POS utilizing various machine-learning methods, such as Hidden-Mark

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Scopus (8)
Crossref (2)
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Publication Date
Sun Oct 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Gravity Model for Flow Migration Within Wireless Communication Networks
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     This paper investigated an Iraqi dataset from Korek Telecom Company as Call Detail Recorded (CDRs) for six months falling between Sep. 2020-Feb. 2021. This data covers 18 governorates, and it falls within the period of COVID-19. The Gravity algorithm was applied into two levels of abstraction in deriving the results as the macroscopic and mesoscopic levels respectively. The goal of this study was to reveal the strength and weakness of people migration in-between the Iraqi cities. Thus, it has been clear that the relationship between each city with the others is based on   and  of mobile people. However, the COVID-19 effects on the people’s migration needed to be explored. Whereas the main function of the gravity model is to

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Stability Analysis of a Prey-Predator Model with Prey Refuge and Fear of Adult Predator
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     This paper is concerned with a Holling-II stage-structured predator-prey system in which predators are divided into an immature and mature predators. The aim is to explore the impact of the prey's fear caused by the dread of mature predators in a prey-predator model including intraspecific competitions and prey shelters. The theoretical study includes the local and global stability analysis for the three equilibrium points of the system and shows the prey's fear may lead to improving the stability at the positive equilibrium point. A numerical analysis is given to ensure the accuracy of the theoretical outcomes and to testify the conditions of stability of the system near the non-trivial equilibrium points.

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Scopus (12)
Crossref (4)
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Sun Oct 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
The Effects of Combined toxicity of Silver and Silicon Nanoparticles on Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in Male Albino Mice
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     In this study, the potential combined effects of silver (AgNPs) and silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) on male albino mice which were exposed intraperitoneally to the 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg and mixed concentrations of nanoparticles (NPs) for periods of 2 and 4 weeks, were evaluated. The evaluation was performed by examining the haematological and biochemical parameters, in addition to the bioaccumulation of NPs in the liver and kidney. The results showed that the platelets count significantly increased in all exposed groups, while red blood cell count (RBCs) decreased in most exposed groups. White blood cells (WBCs) and haemoglobin (Hb) showed different levels in the exposed groups. Serum aspartate aminotransfera

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Scopus (3)
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Publication Date
Sun Oct 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Image Signal Decomposition Using Polynomial Representation with Hybrid Lossy and Non-Lossy Coding Scheme
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This article presents a polynomial-based image compression scheme, which consists of using the color model (YUV) to represent color contents and using two-dimensional polynomial coding (first-order) with variable block size according to correlation between neighbor pixels. The residual part of the polynomial for all bands is analyzed into two parts, most important (big) part, and least important (small) parts. Due to the significant subjective importance of the big group; lossless compression (based on Run-Length spatial coding) is used to represent it. Furthermore, a lossy compression system scheme is utilized to approximately represent the small group; it is based on an error-limited adaptive coding system and using the transform codin

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Optical and Structural Properties of Cobalt Nanoparticles Synthesized by Laser Ablation
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    Pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) technique can produce high purity nanoparticles, it is a top-down physical method based on the principle of dividing metal ion bulk precursors into metal atoms, this method was used in this work to synthesis cobalt nanoparticals (CoPNs) with the use of Nd: YAG laser with two wavelengths (355 nm) and (532 nm) at energies (500 mJ) and (600 mJ) respectively, with number of pulses (1000,1100, 1200, 1300, and 1400) for each wavelength. The properties of the prepared nanoparticles were studied by UV-Vis, XRD, SEM with EDX, AFM, and FTIR analysis and then its antibacterial activity was studied by applying it on two types of bacteria with gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococc

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Study of Rod-Plate DC Discharge Plasma Characteristics at Atmospheric-Pressure
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     The characteristics of atmospheric-pressure glow discharge (APGD) produced by rod-plate electrodes are experimentally determined. APGD is sustained by applying a high DC voltage between the electrodes. At atmospheric pressure, the shift from corona discharge to glow discharge is investigated. A rod-plate discharges configuration's volt–ampere properties show the existence of three discharge regimes: corona, glow, and spark. The variations in the electrical field distribution in the various regimes are mirrored in the discharge luminosity. The rod-plate patterns are created under a dark region, and are visible mainly due to the effect of electrons heated by the local enhanced electric field at the interface, according to the op

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 31 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Deep Learning and Machine Learning via a Genetic Algorithm to Classify Breast Cancer DNA Data
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       This paper uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) based algorithm analysis to classify breast cancer Deoxyribonucleic (DNA). Main idea is to focus on application of machine and deep learning techniques. Furthermore, a genetic algorithm is used to diagnose gene expression to reduce the number of misclassified cancers. After patients' genetic data are entered, processing operations that require filling the missing values using different techniques are used. The best data for the classification process are chosen by combining each technique using the genetic algorithm and comparing them  in terms of accuracy.

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Scopus (14)
Crossref (4)
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Sun Oct 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
The Land Use and Land Cover Classification on the Urban Area
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     The Land Use/ Land Cover (LULC) is an essential application in many remotely sensed projects and problems. Land use is simply man-made objects such as urban, road complex targets, etc., while land covers are defined as any target and phenomenon that appear neutral. The LULC study is essential for all current and future engineering projects, as it shows the nature of the land's components, which is evident in studying and modernizing residential areas. One of the essential operations for studying LULC is the heterogeneity detection and classification calculations of satellite images and topographic maps. A part of the Baghdad, Iraq region was selected for the Landsat satellite group at different periods to detect variance and mak

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Scopus (5)
Crossref (2)
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Publication Date
Sun Oct 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
The Operator S(a,b;θ_x ) for the Polynomials Z_n (x,y,a,b;q)
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In this work, we give an identity that leads to establishing the operator . Also, we introduce the polynomials . In addition, we provide Operator proof for the generating function with its extension and the Rogers formula for . The generating function with its extension and the Rogers formula for the bivariate Rogers-Szegö polynomials  are deduced. The Rogers formula for  allows to obtain the inverse linearization formula for , which allows to deduce the inverse linearization formula for . A solution to a q-difference equation is introduced and the solution is expressed in terms of the operators . The q-difference method is used to recover an identity of the operator  and the generating function for the polynomials

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Scopus (10)
Crossref (2)
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Publication Date
Sun Jul 31 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
On Fixed Point Theorems by Using Rational Expressions in Partially Ordered Metric Space
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The main purpose of this paper is to introduce and prove some fixed point theorems for two maps that

satisfy -contractive conditions with rational expression in partially ordered metric spaces, our results improve and unify a multitude of fixed point theorems and generalize some recent results in ordered partially metric space.

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Scopus (2)
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Publication Date
Sun Oct 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
An Improved Probability Density Function (PDF) for Face Skin Detection
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      Face Detection by skin color in the field of computer vision is a difficult challenge. Detection of human skin focuses on the identification of pixels and skin-colored areas of a given picture. Since skin colors are invariant in orientation and size and rapid to process, they are used in the identification of human skin. In addition features like ethnicity, sensor, optics and lighting conditions that are different are sensitive factors for the relationship between surface colors and lighting (an issue that is strongly related to color stability). This paper presents a new technique for face detection based on human skin. Three methods of Probability Density Function (PDF) were applied to detect the face by skin color; these ar

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Climatic Water Balance Comparison for Selected areas in The Middle of Iraq
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     The climate parameters annual rainfall and average mean temperature are investigated from 2000 to 2019 for Kut, Hilla and Iskandaryia. Evidence of climate change is noticed by decreasing the mean annual rainfall and relative humidity with an increase in the annual mean temperature. The climate water balance has been calculated. Due to high temperature, increased evaporation, and low precipitation rates, there was a large water deficit. The total water surplus in the Kut area is 32.86 mm from November to February, and in  Hilla and Iskandaryia is 20.4 and 27.8 mm from December to February, respectively. The climate classification for the three stations was semi-dry to dry climates. The region has a significant water deficit of u

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Scopus (5)
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Publication Date
Wed Nov 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Prediction of Explicit Features for Recommendation System Using User Reviews
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    With the explosive growth of data, it has become very difficult for a person to process the data and find the right information from it. So, to discover the right information from the colossal amount of data that is available online, we need information filtering systems. Recommendation systems (RS) help users find the most interesting information among the options that are available. Ratings given by the users play a vital role in determining the purposes of recommendations. Earlier, researchers used a user’s rating history to predict unknown ratings, but recently a user’s review has gained a lot of attention as it contains a lot of relevant information about a user’s decision. The proposed system makes an attempt to deal w

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Climatic Water Balance and Groundwater Recharge in Abu-Jir Village, Al-Anbar Governorate, Western Iraq
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     The study area is located in Al-Anbar Governorate, western Iraq. The climatic data were collected from Al-Ramadi Meteorological Station for the period 1990 to  2020 and used to assess the climatic condition of the study area. The total annual rainfall, relative humidity, monthly average temperature, evaporation, wind speed and sunshine duration are 108 mm, 52.7 %, 22.6˚C, 2814.3 mm, 2.2 m/s and 8.8 h/day, respectively. The climate of the study area is described as an arid to sub arid and relatively hot in summer and cold with low rain in winter. During the data used, the highest potential evapotranspiration was 217.1 mm in July, while the lowest value was 10.7 mm in January, with a total amount of 1170.07 mm. The highest and l

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Breast Cancer Detection using Decision Tree and K-Nearest Neighbour Classifiers
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      Data mining has the most important role in healthcare for discovering hidden relationships in big datasets, especially in breast cancer diagnostics, which is the most popular cause of death in the world. In this paper two algorithms are applied that are decision tree and K-Nearest Neighbour for diagnosing Breast Cancer Grad in order to reduce its risk on patients. In decision tree with feature selection, the Gini index gives an accuracy of %87.83, while with entropy, the feature selection gives an accuracy of %86.77. In both cases, Age appeared as the  most effective parameter, particularly when Age<49.5. Whereas  Ki67  appeared as a second effective parameter. Furthermore, K- Nearest Neighbor is based on the minimum err

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Scopus (10)
Crossref (6)
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Publication Date
Wed Nov 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Hydrothermal Process to Prepare Novel Phase Titanium Sub-Oxide Ti6O11 from Nano Rutile Titanium Dioxide Particles with Different Autodave Reactors
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       Hydrothermal process method using different dimensions reactors with volume 100 ml (homemade) was employed to prepare titanium sub-oxide Ti6O11, where  one gram of TiO2 nanoparticles 30-50 nm and 3M (20 ml) of NaOH as suspension was used . The samples are characterized using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM). X-ray diffraction revealed the formation of sub- oxide titanium Ti6O11 of triclinic structure with Magneli phase, when the temperature applied was 363K for 9h.While FE-SEM showed uniform hierarchical structures with planar grass-like shapes. A novel phase has been found from rutile titanium.

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Numerical Determination of Thermal Conductivity in Heat Equation under Nonlocal Boundary Conditions and Integral as Over specified Condition
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In this article, an inverse problem of finding timewise-dependent thermal conductivity has been investigated numerically. Numerical solution of forward (direct) problem has been solved by finite-difference method (FDM). Whilst, the inverse (indirect) problem solved iteratively using Lsqnonlin   routine  from MATLAB. Initial guess for unknown coefficient expressed by explicit relation   based on nonlocal overdetermination conditions and intial input data .The obtained numrical results are presented and discussed in several figures and tables. These results are accurate and stable even in the presense of noisy data.

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Ensemble Approach for Detecting COVID-19 Propaganda on Online Social Networks
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     COVID-19 affected the entire world due to the unavailability of the vaccine. The social distancing was a contributing factor that gave rise to the usage of Online Social Networks. It has been seen that people share the information that comes to them without verifying its source . One of the common forms of information that is disseminated that have a radical purpose is propaganda. Propaganda is organized and conscious method of molding conclusions and impacting an individual's contemplations to accomplish the ideal aim of proselytizer. For this paper, different propagandistic tweets were shared in the COVID-19 Era. Data regarding COVID-19 propaganda was extracted from Twitter. Labelling of data was performed manually using diffe

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Scopus (6)
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Publication Date
Wed Nov 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
New Generalizations of Soft LC-Spaces
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      In this article, we introduce a new type of soft spaces namely, soft  spaces as   a generalization of soft paces. Also, we study the weak forms of soft  spaces, namely, soft  spaces, soft  spaces, soft  space, and soft  spaces. The characterizations and fundamental properties related to these types of soft spaces and the relationships among them are also discussed.

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Strong Differential Sandwich Results for Analytic Functions Associated with Wanas Differential Operator
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    In this article, we introduce and study two new families of analytic functions by using strong differential subordinations and superordinations associated with Wanas differential operator/. We also give and establish some important properties of these families.

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 28 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Properties of Ground-State of 17,19,20,24,26F using the Wave Functions of Harmonic-Oscillator and Spherical Hankel Functions
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     The nuclear size radii, density distributions and elastic electron scattering charge form factors for Fluorine isotopes (17,19,20,24,26F) were studied using the radial wave functions (WF) of harmonic-oscillator (HO) potential and free mean field described by spherical Hankel functions (SHF) for the core and the valence parts, respectively for all aforementioned isotopes. The parameters for HO potential (size parameter ) and SHF were chosen to regenerate the available experimental size radii. It was found that using spherical Hankel functions in our work improved the calculated results quantities in comparison with empirical data.   

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 28 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
The Ability of Staphylococcus aureus to Establish Biofilm on Acrylic, Plastic, and Metallic Denture Materials
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       Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogenic agent due to its ability to cause various types of infections, ranging from mild skin infections to sever systemic diseases. One of the most virulence factors of this bacterium is its ability to from biofilms on solid surfaces by anchoring the planktonic cells and by producing a protective layer of extra polymeric substances. Biofilm formation is controlled through many genes. The most important ones are icaA and icaD. Dentures are prosthetic devices that are made of different materials to replace lost teeth. The aim of this study is to examine the ability of different types of denture materials to support the biofilm formation of S. aureus at p

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