ملخـــص البحــــث

لما كانت العلة الركن الأساس في موضوع القياس, لذا فإنها من الأهمية بمكان مايجعل التركيز عليها في موضوع البحث خلال دراسته, ثم لما كان الخارج من السبيلين وما يتعلق به من أحكام, ما ينقض الوضوء منه وما لا ينقضه, وما يوجب الغسل منه وما لا يوجبه, ثم الطاهر منه والنجس من المسائل التي تشغل تفكير النساء ويكثر السؤال عنها, ارتأيت أن أخص هذه المسألة ببحث صغير, أعرض فيه للعلة القاصرة, واختلاف

تلعب السياسة النقدية دوراً فاعلاً ومتميزاً في تحقيق معدلات نمو عالية وتحقيق الاستقرار والتوازن الاقتصادي وبالاخص الحد من ظاهرة التضخم.

يمكن حصر اهداف السياسة النقدية في الدول النامية والعربية خصوصاً من خلال التعرف على الاغراض المنصوص عليها في التشريعات وتشمل (تحقيق استقرار نقدي، المحافظة على قيمة العملة، تشجيع النمو الاقتصادي، تطوير الاسواق المالية والنقدية، استقرار الاسعار، تحقيق ال

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

مرّ المصطلح النحوي بمراحل حتى أصبح مصطلحا ثابتا يحمل المفاهيم النحوية ، ويتخذ وسيلة من وسائل البحث المنظم ، ويمثل كتاب الايضاح في علل النحو لأبي القاسم الزجّاجي (ت 337هـ ) الذي نتناوله بالبحث عن الجوانب المصطلحية مرحلة من البحث النحوي ، ترسّخت فيه الأصول النحويّة وانمازت الأبواب ، فضلاُ عن المصطلح الذي بدأ مستقراُ في أغلب استعمالاته العلميّة.

     This study aims to determine the exposure of dentists to radiation resulting from the use of light therapy units and to assess their risk and impact on dental clinics.  This study was conducted in private dental clinics in the city of Erbil in northern Iraq. Surveys were conducted to collect information about light-curing units. The results were analysed using the multi-response logistic regression to determine the factors affecting the radiation values of light-curing units. The results of the study showed that five major variables have a major effect by radiation.  This is shown with a value of P ≤ 0.05. Typical treatment times with radiant light, with a typical number of daily restorations, may exceed the risk limits for

This study aimed to evaluate oral health (OH) and periodontal diseases (PD) awareness in the Iraqi population.

This paper discusses the study of computer Russian language neologisms. Problems of studying computer terminology are constantly aggravated by the processes of computer technology that is introduced to all walks of life. The study identifies ways of word formation: the origin of the computer terms and the possibility of their usage in Russian language. The Internet is considered a worldwide tool of communication used extensively by students, housewives and professionals as well The Internet is a heterogeneous environment consisting of various hardware and software configurations that need to be configured to support the languages used. The development of Internet content and services is essential for expanding Internet usage. Some of the

     The direct electron transfer behavior of hemoglobin that is immobilized onto screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) modified with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and chitosan (CS) was studied in this work. Cyclic voltametry and spectrophotometry were used to characterize the hemoglobin (Hb) bioconjunction with AgNPs and CS. Results of the modified electrode showed quasi-reversible redox peaks with a formal potential of (-0.245V) versus Ag/AgCl in 0.1M phosphate buffer solution (PBS), pH7, at a scan rate of 0.1Vs^-1. The charge transfer coefficient (α) was 0.48 and the apparent electron transfer rate constant (Ks) was 0.47s^-1. The electrode was used as a hydrogen peroxide biosensor with a line

: The Aluminium (Al) material emerged as a plasmonic material in the wavelength ranges from the ultraviolet to the visible bands in different on-chip plasmonic applications. In this paper, we demonstrate the effect of using Al on the electromagnetic (EM) field distribution of a compact hybrid plasmonic waveguide (HPW) acting as a polarization rotator. We compare the performance of Al with other familiar metals that are widely used as plasmonic materials, which are Silver (Ag) and Gold (Au). Furthermore, we study the effect of reducing the geometrical dimensions of the used materials on the EM field distributions inside the HPW and, consequently, on the efficiency of the polarization rotation. We perform the study based o

Incremental Sheet Metal Forming (ISMF) is a modern sheet metal forming technology which offers the possibility of manufacturing 3D complex parts of thin sheet metals using the CNC milling machine. The surface quality is a very important aspect in any manufacturing process. Therefore, this study focuses on the resultant residual stresses by forming parameters, namely; (tool shape, step over, feed rate, and slope angle) using Taguchi method for the products formed by single point incremental forming process (SPIF). For evaluating the surface quality, practical experiments to produce pyramid like shape have been implemented on aluminum sheets (AA1050) for thickness (0.9) mm. Three types of tool shape used in this work, the spherical tool ga