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Signal Processing Techniques for Robust Spectrum Sensing
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Cognitive radios have the potential to greatly improve spectral efficiency in wireless networks. Cognitive radios are considered lower priority or secondary users of spectrum allocated to a primary user. Their fundamental requirement is to avoid interference to potential primary users in their vicinity. Spectrum sensing has been identified as a key enabling functionality to ensure that cognitive radios would not interfere with primary users, by reliably detecting primary user signals. In addition, reliable sensing creates spectrum opportunities for capacity increase of cognitive networks. One of the key challenges in spectrum sensing is the robust detection of primary signals in highly negative signal-to-noise regimes (SNR).In this paper , we present the system design approach to meet this challenge with technique , The design space is diverse as it involves various types of primary user signals, We analysis of signal processing approaches and identify the regimes where these techniques are applicable. The goal of this paper is to present a practical system design view of spectrum sensing functionality.

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 31 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Geological Journal
Designing Raw Mix for Manufacturing Portland Cement using Euphrates Formation Marl Instead of Clays
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Portland Cement is manufactured by adding 3% gypsum to clinker which is produced by grinding, pulverizing, mixing, and then burning a raw mix of silica, and calcium carbonate. Limestone is the main source of carbonates, while clay collected from arable land is the main source of silica. The marl in the Euphrates Formation was studied as an alternative to arable lands. Nine boreholes drilled and penetrated the marl layer in selected locations at the Kufa cement quarry. Forty-one samples of marl from boreholes and four samples of limestone from the closed area were collected. The chemical content of the major oxides and the hardness of the marl layer was very encouraging as a raw material for Portland Cement as they are SiO2 (17.60),

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 12 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
An algorithm for binary codebook design based on the average bitmap replacement error (ABPRE)
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In this paper, an algorithm for binary codebook design has been used in vector quantization technique, which is used to improve the acceptability of the absolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC) method. Vector quantization (VQ) method is used to compress the bitmap (the output proposed from the first method (AMBTC)). In this paper, the binary codebook can be engender for many images depending on randomly chosen to the code vectors from a set of binary images vectors, and this codebook is then used to compress all bitmaps of these images. The chosen of the bitmap of image in order to compress it by using this codebook based on the criterion of the average bitmap replacement error (ABPRE). This paper is suitable to reduce bit rates

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 04 2021
Journal Name
Turkish Journal Of Computer And Mathematics Education (turcomat)
Measuring range the application of Organizational Identification philosophy in the Zain Company for Communications
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This study attempts to test the possibility of developing organizational performance in Zain Telecom by adapting the philosophy and concept of Organizational Identification and its dimensions, the most important of which are (Organizational Identification, organizational loyalty, organizational affiliation).To achieve the goal, the research relied on the questionnaire method, which is one of the methods of collecting information in field studies.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 15 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Medicinal And Chemical Sciences
Simple Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Drug Lisinopril in Pure Form and Pharmaceutical Formulations
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Publication Date
Wed Feb 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Double-Staged Syndrome Coding Scheme for Improving Information Transmission Security over the Wiretap Channel
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This paper presents a study of a syndrome coding scheme for different binary linear error correcting codes that refer to the code families such as BCH, BKLC, Golay, and Hamming. The study is implemented on Wyner’s wiretap channel model when the main channel is error-free and the eavesdropper channel is a binary symmetric channel with crossover error probability (0 < Pe ≤ 0.5) to show the security performance of error correcting codes while used in the single-staged syndrome coding scheme in terms of equivocation rate. Generally, these codes are not designed for secure information transmission, and they have low equivocation rates when they are used in the syndrome coding scheme. Therefore, to improve the transmiss

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 02 2023
Journal Name
8th Engineering And 2nd International Conference For College Of Engineering – University Of Baghdad: Coec8-2021 Proceedings
Using WO3/AlPO4 as a solid catalyst for the transesterification of waste edible oils
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AlPO4 catalysts supported with WO3 were prepared by impregnating the catalysts with ammonium metatungstate. The catalysts were checked by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), AFM, and SEM; also, the catalysts analysis was done by X-Ray (EDX). Finally, the N2 adsorption-desorption was used to measure the pore volume and surface area of the catalyst. The prepared catalyst has a surface area of 185.83 m2/g, pore volume of 0.645 cm3/g at a calcination temperature of 500°C for 3 hrs, and particle size of AlPO4 with an average of 35.36 nm. Transesterification of edible oil using WO3/AlPO4 was performed, it was observed that WO3/AlPO4 catalysts give high conversion of edible oil, and this is attributed to the high surface area, smaller particle size, and the

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 01 2016
Journal Name
Al-academy
Lighting and formal processors for spaces of shops selling mobile phones: عمار نعمة كاظم
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This research is marked by " lighting and processors formalism for spaces of shops selling mobile phones ," aims to " reveal about the relationship between lighting treatments formal designs spaces own internal selling mobile phone in addition to the recognition criteria Altsamama to lighting techniques and processes formality spaces shops competent to sell mobile phone " and lies the importance of this research in the " active role of the lighting in the building processors formalities and processes to prepare designs and show the final form integrated functionally and aesthetically so as to be ready for implementation , taking into consideration the role expressionist in the recipient and to make these spaces more than meet the require

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 20 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Clarifying Optimum Setting Temperatures and Airflow Positions for Personal Air Conditioning System on Flight
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In recent years, the demand for air travel has increased and many people have traveled by plane. Most passengers, however, feel stressed due to the limited cabin space. In order to make these passengers more comfortable, a personal air-conditioning system for the entire chair is needed. This is because the human body experiences discomfort from localized heating or cooling, and thus, it is necessary to provide appropriate airflow to each part of the body. In this paper, a personal air-conditioning system, which consists of six vertically installed air-conditioning vents, will be proposed. To clarify the setting temperature of each vent, the airflow around the passenger and the operative temperature of each part of the body is investigate

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Geological Journal
Inverting Gravity Data to Density and Velocity Models for Selected Area in Southwestern Iraq
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The gravity method is a measurement of relatively noticeable variations in the Earth’s gravitational field caused by lateral variations in rock's density. In the current research, a new technique is applied on the previous Bouguer map of gravity surveys (conducted from 1940–1950) of the last century, by selecting certain areas in the South-Western desert of Iraqi-territory within the provinces' administrative boundary of Najaf and Anbar. Depending on the theory of gravity inversion where gravity values could be reflected to density-contrast variations with the depths; so, gravity data inversion can be utilized to calculate the models of density and velocity from four selected depth-slices 9.63 Km, 1.1 Km, 0.682 Km and 0.407 Km.

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 08 2015
Journal Name
The Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal
Simultaneous Complete Intracorneal Ring Implantation with Intrapocket Collagen Cross- Linking for Treatment of Keratoconus
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BACKGROUND: Keratoconus is a progressive non inflammatory bilateral (usually asymmetric) ectatic corneal disease characterized by paraxial stromal thinning ,weakening that lead to corneal surface distortion ,vision loss primarily from irregular astigmatism and myopia and secondly from corneal scar. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate visual and refractive outcomes after intracorneal continuous ring (ICCR) implantation combined with intrapocket corneal collagen cross linking in patient with keratoconus. Setting: Eye Specialty Private Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq. METHODS: This study assessed the results of implantation of Myoring ICCR combined with CXL in 40 eyes with KC. Outcome measures include UDVA,CDVA(spectacle correction),refraction, complications and s

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