In the present work, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was utilized to optimize process variables and find the best circumstances for indirect electrochemical oxidation of mimicked wastewater to remove phenol contaminants using prepared ternary composite electrode. The electrodeposition process is used for the synthesis of a ternary composite electrode of Mn, Co, and Ni oxides. The selected concentrations of metal salts of these elements were 0.05, 0.1, and 1.5 M, with constant molar ratio, current density, and electrolysis time of 1:1:1, 25 mA/cm2, and 2 h. Interestedly, the gathered Mn-Co-Ni oxides were deposited at both the anode and cathode. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) facilitated the qualitative characterization of surface structure and morphology of the accumulated oxides. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) provided a semi-quantitative analysis of deposit composition. The atomic force microscopy (AFM) apparatus quantified the roughness. We examined the efficiency of composite electrodes in coinciding with the removal of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) under current densities of 40, 60, and 80 mA/cm2, pH values of 3, 4, and 5, and NaCl concentrations of 1, 1.5, 2 g/l. RSM covered the optimization of process parameters in conjunction with Central Composite Design (CCD). The COD represented the response function in the optimization procedure. The optimal current density, NaCl concentration, and pH magnitude were 80 mA/cm2, 1.717 g/l, and 3, respectively. The efficiency of COD elimination of 99.925% attained after 1 hour of indirect electrochemical oxidation with an energy consumption of 152.380 kWh per kilogram of COD. The COD elimination model is significant based on the correlation coefficient (R2) and F-values, and the experimental data fitted well to a second-order polynomial model with R2 of 98.93%.
The formation of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II)-complexes (C1-C5) respectively was studied with new Schiff base ligand [benzyl(2-hydroxy-1-naphthalidene) hydrazine carbodithioate derived from reaction of 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and benzyl hydrazine carbodithioate. The suggested structures of the ligand and its complexes have been determined by using C.H.N.S analyzer, thermal analysis, FT-IR, U.V-Visible, 1HNMR, 13CNMR , conductivity measurement , magnetic susceptibility and atomic absorption. According to these studies, the ligand coordinates as a tridentate with metal ions through nitrogen atom of azomethane , oxygen atom of hydroxyl, and sulfur atom of thione
... Show MoreFour complexes of Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II) and Zn(II) with the azo ligand (4-chloro-N-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-5-((2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylphenol)diazenyl)-2-methoxybenzamide) L. The structure of ligand and complexes were confirmed on the basis of their analytical and spectral data, these dyes were tested as dyeing in cotton fabric, and also testing in light and cleaner firmness. Also, antimicrobial and antifungal activities of ligand and their complexes were evaluated and the results showed that the ZnL compound showed the higher antibacterial activity with inhibition zone of 13mm against Staphyloco-ccus epidermidis, Steptococcus sp. and Escherichia coli compared with ligand and other metal complexes .In case of ZnL compound the antifungal activ
... Show MoreFour complexes of Co(II),Ni(II),Cu(II) and Zn(II) with the azo ligand (4-chloro-N-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-5-((2-hydroxy- 4,6-dimethylphenol)diazenyl)-2-methoxybenzamide) L. The structure of ligand and complexes were confirmed on the basis of their analytical and spectral data, these dyes were tested as dyeing in cotton fabric, and also testing in light and cleaner firmness. Also, antimicrobial and antifungal activities of ligand and their complexes were evaluated and the results showed that the ZnL compound showed the higher antibacterial activity with inhibition zone of 13mm against Staphyloco-ccus epidermidis, Steptococcus sp. and Escherichia coli compared with ligand and other metal complexes .In case of ZnL compound the antifungal acti
... Show MoreThe formation of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II)-complexes (C1-C5) respectively was studied with new Schiff base ligand [benzyl(2-hydroxy-1-naphthalidene) hydrazine carbodithioate derived from reaction of 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde and benzyl hydrazine carbodithioate. The suggested structures of the ligand and its complexes have been determined by using C.H.N.S analyzer, thermal analysis, FT-IR, U.V-Visible, 1HNMR, 13CNMR , conductivity measurement , magnetic susceptibility and atomic absorption. According to these studies, the ligand coordinates as a tridentate with metal ions through nitrogen atom of azomethane , oxygen atom of hydroxyl, and sulfur atom of thione
... Show MoreThe subject of this research involves studying adsorption to removal herbicide Atlantis WG from aqueous solutions by bentonite clay. The equilibrium concentration have been determined spectra photometry by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The experimental equilibrium sorption data were analyzed by two widely, Langmuir and Freundlish isotherm models. The Langmuir model gave a better fit than Freundlich model The adsorption amount of (Atlantis WG) increased when the temperature and pH decreased. The thermodynamic parameters like ?G, ?H, and ?S have been calculated from the effect of temperature on adsorption process, is exothermic. The kinetic of adsorption process was studied depending on Lagergren ,Morris ? Weber and Rauschenberg equati
... Show MoreIn this investigation, metal matrix composites (MMCs) were manufactured by using powder technology. Aluminum 6061 is reinforced with two different ceramics particles (SiC and B4C) with different volume fractions as (3, 6, 9 and 12 wt. %). The most important applications of particulate reinforcement of aluminum matrix are: Pistons, Connecting rods etc. The specimens were prepared by using aluminum powder with 150 µm in particle size and SiC, B4C powder with 200 µm in particle size. The chosen powders were mixed by using planetary mixing setup at 250 rpm for 4hr.with zinc stearate as an activator material in steel ball milling. After mixing process the powders were compacted by hydraulic
... Show MoreL-Phenylalanine amino acid was condensed with 2-hydroxybezaldehyde to give the Schiff base sodium 2-(2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)-3-phenylpropanoate, which was used as a precursor [NaHL]. The precursor was reacted with 1,2-dichloroethane to give the Schiff base sodium 2,2'-(2,2'-(ethane-1,2diylbis(oxy))bis(2,1-phenylene))bis(methan-1-yl-1-ylidene)bis(azan1-yl-1-ylidene)bis(3-phenyl propanoate), which was used as a ligand [Na2L], in complexation with some metal (II) chloride MCl2, where [M= Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II)], to give [M(L)] complexes. The [Na2L] ligand and All complexes were characterized by spectroscopic methods, [FTIR, UV-Vis, atomic absorption], melting point, chloride content, conductivity and magnetic susceptibi
... Show MoreSteel fiber aluminum matrix composites were prepared by atomization technique. Different air atomization conditions were considered; which were atomization pressure and distance between sample and nozzle. Tensile stress properties were studied. XRF and XRD techniques were used to study the primary compositions and the structure of the raw materials and the atomized products. The tensile results showed that the best reported tensile strength observed for an atomization pressure equal to 4 mbar and sample to nozzle distance equal to 12 cm. Young modulus results showed that the best result occurred with an air atomization pressure equal to 8 mbar and sample to nozzle distance equal to 16cm
The Synthesis C!}f a; rw;v Schiff base ligan-d .N ' N - bis(2> 4,6-
trjpr;diOXY meth)l) benz1dine l 6L] aAd its c.omplexes w.ith· Co 1ll 1 , Ni('ll);
cu< I·> Zn(ll) .and Cd(TJJ are reported . The ltgand was prepared by the
reaction of 4,4-aniino-biphenyl benzidine with 2,4;6· tnliydro yace ophenon mQnohydmte ander reflux in m tbaool as solvent and a few d
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