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Evaluation of Gas and Downhole Water Sink-Assisted Gravity Drainage GDWS-AGD Process in Saturated Oil Reservoirs with Infinite-Acting Aquifer
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Abstract<p>A hybrid Gas-Enhanced and Downhole Water Sink-Assisted Gravity Drainage (GDWS-AGD) process has been suggested to enhance oil recovery by placing vertical injectors for CO2 at the top of the reservoir with a series of horizontal oil-producing and water-drainage wells located above and below the oil-water contact, respectively. The injected gas builds a gas cap that drives the oil to the (upper) oil-producing wells while the bottom water-drainage wells control water cresting. The hybrid process of GDWS-AGD process has been first developed and tested in vertical wells to minimize water cut in reservoirs with bottom water drive and strong water coning tendencies. The wells were dual-completed with 7-inch production casing and 2-3/8 inch tubings and perforated above the oil-water contact (OWC) for oil production and below OWC for water drainage. The two completions were hydraulically isolated inside the well by a packer. The bottom (water sink) completion drained water with a submersible pump.</p><p>The GDWS-AGD was efficiently adopted to improve oil recovery at the PUNQ saturated oil field. The PUNQ Field has an infinite active aquifer with very strong edge and bottom water drives. A black oil reservoir flow model was implemented for CO2 flooding simulation of the GDWS-AGD process in comparison with the Gas-Assisted Gravity Drainage (GAGD) process. The comparison was performed to obtain the clearest image about the performance of the combined GDWS-AGD process. Next, Design of Experiments (DoE) and proxy modeling were incorporated to find the most sensitive parameters that affect the GDWS-AGD process performance. The candidate parameters are porosity, horizontal and vertical permeability for each layer, radius of aquifer and rock compressibility.</p><p>In the GDWS-AGD, the produced water not only reduced water cut and coning, but also significantly reduced the reservoir pressure, resulting in improving gas injectivity. In addition, the GDWS-AGD process improved cumulative oil production. More specifically, the results showed that cumulative oil production increased from 3.8*105m3 to 4.7*105m3 and water cut decreased from 97% to 92% in all the horizontal oil producers. For the proxy model, it was cleared from Sobol analysis that the porosity for layer 5 was more influential parameter than others on cumulative oil through GDWS-AGD process with 31% main effects and 0.025% interaction effects, while the horizontal permeability for layer 4 was the most influential parameter with 24% main effects and 1.5% interaction effects. The novelty of GDWS-AGD process comes from its effectiveness to improve oil recovery with reducing the water coning, water cut, and improving gas injectivity. This leads to more economic implementation, especially with respect to the operational surface facilities.</p>
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Indonesian Journal Of Electrical Engineering And Computer Science (ijeecs)
Increasing validation accuracy of a face mask detection by new deep learning model-based classification
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During COVID-19, wearing a mask was globally mandated in various workplaces, departments, and offices. New deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN) based classifications were proposed to increase the validation accuracy of face mask detection. This work introduces a face mask model that is able to recognize whether a person is wearing mask or not. The proposed model has two stages to detect and recognize the face mask; at the first stage, the Haar cascade detector is used to detect the face, while at the second stage, the proposed CNN model is used as a classification model that is built from scratch. The experiment was applied on masked faces (MAFA) dataset with images of 160x160 pixels size and RGB color. The model achieve

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
مجلة جامعة الانبار للعلوم البدنیة والریاضیة
The effect of the flipped classroom on cognitive achievement Some basic football skills for students
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The aim of the research is to design a test with cognitive achievement through the use of the inverted class strategy for some basic soccer skills for gyms for first-average students, within the curriculum of the Ministry of Education, where the researcher used the experimental approach. For the same division (B) and the number of each group (10) students, i.e. the total total of the research sample (20) students, and the pre-test for the research sample was applied through the design of the test prepared by the research after which the educational program with the strategy was applied to the research sample and continued (8) weeks after Completion of the tutorial has been post-tested for the research sample, In it, he reached significant r

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2010
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Improvement of Surface Roughness Quality for Stainless Steel 420 Plate Using Magnetic Abrasive Finishing Method
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     An experimental study was carried out to improve the surface roughness quality of the stainless steel 420 using magnetic abrasive finishing method (MAF). Four independent operation parameters were studied (working gap, coil current, feed rate, and table stroke), and their effects on the MAF process were introduced. A rotating coil electromagnet was designed and implemented to use with plane surfaces. The magnetic abrasive powder used was formed from 33%Fe and 67% Quartz of (250µm mesh size). The lubricant type SAE 20W was used as a binder for the powder contents. Taguchi method was used for designing the experiments and the optimal values of the selected parameters were found. An empirical equation representing the r

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Craniomaxillofacial Research &amp; Innovation
Partial Bone Necrosis Following Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy: Report of a Complicated Orthognathic Jaw Surgery
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Study Design

Case Report.

Objective

To present a case of a previous complicated mandibular orthognathic surgery that aimed to setback the mandible in a female cleft lip and palate (CLP) patient, which led to bone necrosis on one side with subsequent severe mandibular deviation and facial asymmetry. We additionally reviewed the previous reports of similar complications, the pathophysiology and the factors that could lead to this dreadful result.

Method

A 27-year-old female patient presented with a severe dentofacial deformity secondary to a complicated bilateral sagittal spli

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Space-Charge Effect on the Theoretical Design of Electron Gun Operated under Zero Magnification Condition
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A computational investigation is carried out in the field of charged –particle optics with the aid of numerical analysis method using the personal computer. The work is concerned with the design of electron gun with space-charge effect. The Finite element method (FEM) used in the solution of Poison's equation for determine the axial potential distribution of the two-electrode immersion lens operated under zero magnification condition , and from the solution of the paraxial ray equation the optical properties such as the focal length , spherical and chromatic aberration coefficients are determined, also a calculation of the brightness and perveance for the lens. The electrodes geometry was determined in two and three dimensi

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 27 2023
Journal Name
Kurdish Studies
The variant Recitations of Imam Muhammad Al-Baqir (peace Be Upon Him) collection and's study
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 15 2022
Journal Name
Natural Hazards
Temporal dynamic drought interpretation of Sawa Lake: case study located at the Southern Iraqi region
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Publication Date
Sun Jun 07 2015
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A Solution of Second Kind Volterra Integral Equations Using Third Order Non-Polynomial Spline Function
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In this paper, third order non-polynomial spline function is used to solve 2nd kind Volterra integral equations. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the applications of this method, and to compare the computed results with other known methods.

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2024
Journal Name
Water, Air, &amp; Soil Pollution
Decontamination of Cobalt-Polluted Soils Using an Enhanced Electro-kinetic Method, Employing Eco-friendly Conditions
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Publication Date
Tue Dec 08 2020
Journal Name
Acs Infectious Diseases
Antileishmanial Chemotherapy through Clemastine Fumarate Mediated Inhibition of the <i>Leishmania</i> Inositol Phosphorylceramide Synthase
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