Many fuzzy clustering are based on within-cluster scatter with a compactness measure , but in this paper explaining new fuzzy clustering method which depend on within-cluster scatter with a compactness measure and between-cluster scatter with a separation measure called the fuzzy compactness and separation (FCS). The fuzzy linear discriminant analysis (FLDA) based on within-cluster scatter matrix and between-cluster scatter matrix . Then two fuzzy scattering matrices in the objective function assure the compactness between data elements and cluster centers .To test the optimal number of clusters using validation clustering method is discuss .After that an illustrate example are applied.

  Osteoporosis is related to the loss of bone mass that occurs as part of the natural process of aging and in menopausal women.           The aim of this study is to evaluate the levels of interleukin-35 in menopausal women with osteoporosis, that may be used as an early predicted marker of osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity in osteoporosis patients in relation with other diagnostic parameters.           Fasting blood samples were obtained from forty Iraqi menopausal women with mean age of (61.06±6.59)years who were newly diagnosed of osteoporosis by physicians at Baghdad Teaching Hospital as patients group(G1). In addition to , twenty two healthy women were included in the st

Background: Otitis media with effusion is characterized by accumulation of fluid in the middle ear in absence of acute inflammation and  it is the most common cause of  acquired hearing loss in children, and may  negatively affect language development failure of medical treatment of middle ear effusion frequently require myringotomy and tympanostomy tube insertion.

Objectives: To determine tympanostomy tube complications of tube in children with chronic otitis media with effusion who were treated with Shah Grommet tube insertion.

Methods: The Medical records of 162 ears of 87 children (52 male and 35 female) were reviewed respectively, the patients ages wer

     In today's world, digital image storage and transmission play an essential role,where images are mainly involved in data transfer. Digital images usually take large storage space and bandwidth for transmission, so image compression is important in data communication. This paper discusses a unique and novel lossy image compression approach. Exactly 50% of image pixels are encoded, and other 50% pixels are excluded. The method uses a block approach. Pixels of the block are transformed with a novel transform. Pixel nibbles are mapped as a single bit in a transform table generating more zeros, which helps achieve compression. Later, inverse transform is applied in reconstruction, and a single bit value from the table is rem

The study evaluates the incidence of inferior alveolar nerve injuries in mandibular fractures, the duration of their recovery, and the factors associated with them. Fifty-two patients with mandibular fractures involving the ramus, angle, and body regions were included in this study; the inferior alveolar nerve was examined for neurological deficit posttraumatically using sharp/blunt differentiation method, and during the follow-up period the progression of neural recovery was assessed. The incidence of neural injury of the inferior alveolar nerve was 42.3%, comminuted and displaced linear fractures were associated with higher incidence of inferior alveolar nerve injury and prolonged recovery time, and recovery of inferior alveolar nerve fun

In this research a new system identification algorithm is presented for obtaining an optimal set of mathematical models for system with perturbed coefficients, then this algorithm is applied practically by an “On Line System Identification Circuit”, based on real time speed response data of a permanent magnet DC motor. Such set of mathematical models represents the physical plant against all variation which may exist in its parameters, and forms a strong mathematical foundation for stability and performance analysis in control theory problems.

Background: Laparoscopic surgery for
appendicitis is now a well established and
advanced method of performing general surgical
procedures.
Objectives: To compare the outcome of
laparoscopic and open appendectomies in terms
of operative time, analgesic requirement,
postoperative complications, hospital stay, return
to normal activity and condition of scar.
Methods: This prospective study was carried
out from 1stMay 2008-1st January 2010, involving
110 patients (45 male and 65 female) with
features suggestive of acute appendicitis were
divided into 45 patients laparoscopic
appendectomy (LA) group and 65 patients open
appendectomy (OA) group, after taking informed
consent. LA was done with the

Model birefringence was measured for elliptical-core fibers with low ellipticities, note the birefringence depends strongly on the frequency, especially when fiber is being operated near the higher mode cutoff where ν  for circular fiber of the single-mode type that correspond to the birefringence maximum. When ν  this also correspond to the birefringence maximum that can be introduced in an elliptical core fiber while still operating in the single-mode regime near the higher mode cutoff. Also the birefringence is proportional to the fiber core ellipticity when core ellipticity is much less than unity, but this birefringence deviates from the linear for the large core ellipticities.

The data compression is a very important process in order to reduce the size of a large data to be stored or transported, parametric curves such that Bezier curve is a suitable method to return gradual change and mutability of this data. Ridghelet transform solve the problems in the wavelet transform and it can compress the image well but when it uses with Bezier curve, the equality of compressed image become very well. In this paper, a new compression method is proposed by using Bezier curve with Ridgelet transform on RGB images. The results showed that the proposed method present good performance in both subjective and objective experiments. When the PSNR values equal to (34.2365, 33.4323 and 33.0987), they were increased in the propos