Surveying 59 references concerning the occurrence of the monogeneans of the family Diplozoidae parasitizing fishes of Iraq showed the occurrence of 15 valid species of this family which included one species of Diplozoon, one species of Eudiplozoon and 13 species of Paradiplozoon. In addition to these species, some unidentified adult and larval (diporpa larvae) specimens of the genus Diplozoon were reported from 12 fish hosts among which four fish species showed no infection with any of the nominated diplozoid species while the others showed mixed diplozoid infections. These diplozoids were reported from 27 fish host species in Iraq. All the diplozoids were recorded from freshwater habitats except one <

The research aims to measure the impact of the quality of the audit on the Earnings Quality, for a sample of private joint stock companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange, as the research sample included (14) private and listed joint stock companies in issuing their financial statements for the period from (2010-2018), as well as companies The audit offices in charge of auditing these companies, which number (18) companies or an audit office, and the research relied on two main models for measurement, as the first model reflects the assumed relationship between independent variables represented in the characteristics of external audit quality and measuring the extent of its impact on the dependent variable represented in the Ea

    Adontomerus amygdali (Boucek, 1958) (Hymenoptera, Torymidae) is recorded for the first time in Iraq, parasitizing almond fruits wasp, Eurytoma amygdali Enderlein, 1907 (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae) infesting fruits of almond trees Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb (=Amygdalus communis Linn.)   growing in Koysinjaq district, Erbil, Iraq. A short morphological description of this species is presented.

Since the beginning of 21^st century, the prices of Agricultural crops have increased. This Increases is accompanied with that increases of crude oil prices and fluctuation of a dollar exchange rate as a dominant currency used in the global trade. The paper aimed to analysis the short run and long run cointegration relationships between prices of some of Agricultural crops imported by Iraq such as wheat and rice crops and both the crude oil prices and the Iraq dinar exchange rate a gained America dollar using ARDL model. The results show the long run equilibrium between they three variable throng the error correction mechanizem. The results also show the significant and economically sound effects of cru

Purpose: As a result of the sudden and ill-considered trade openness of Iraq after 2003 to the countries of the world in general and the neighboring countries in particular, and in the absence of the necessary support for the national productive forces and the lack of effective standardization and quality control devices, this led to the exposure of most local products, especially agricultural ones, to decline and inability On the competition and thus dumping the Iraqi market, especially the agricultural products, with imported products, this study came to find out the effect that dumping has on the local production of chicken meat and the impact of that impact on the size of the food gap, and whether the results of the practica

Monthly water samples from three stations in Diwanya river at Diwanyia city were collected during December 1999 to June 2000. Variables from each stations were determined including ; temperature, pH ,dissolved oxygen, dissolved carbon dioxide , alkalinity ,total hardness, calcium ,magnesium , phosphate, nitrite, nitrate, chlorophyll-a , and total number of phytoplankton .The river considered as fresh water , alkaline ,very hard .The parameters recorded at different values from up and down stream.

An annotated list based both on personal collections and on literature records, is presented for twenty species and subspecies of Chrysomelinae from Iraq. Eight of which are newly recorded, bringing the total number of species and subspecies for Iraq to 25. Localities and host data are given for most species.

Besides the role of state institutions that come in the forefront of their priorities and obligations to provide security and development of the economy and reduce the unemployment rate and the reduction of inflation and improving education, health and others, the Community Partnership At frames what has become known as the institutions of society civil-with the state does not eliminate the role, but rather complements its role ; it is the role of civil society partner and an extension of the role of the state in the face of challenges and crises, but it may be sometimes a race role in addressing social, political and economic issues of the role played by the state, not complementary.
The highlighting the specificity of the relationsh