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Photometric Viewpoint to the Structure of Spiral Galaxy NGC 3351 with griz-Filters
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The term ‘photometry’ refers to the accurate determination of the apparent brightness of an astronomical object. Until roughly 1980, nearly all astronomical photometry was done by means of analog measurements of photographic plates, or by analog or digital (photon-counting) techniques with photomultipliers. These photometers produced brightness readings which were typically displayed on dials, plotted on strip charts or printed on strips of paper, and it was often quite practical to analyse these raw data with pencil, paper and a slide rule or table of logarithms. However, during the late 1970s electronic area detectors for astronomy became more advanced: first, for a brief period, television-type cameras were employed, but these were soon supplanted by CHARGECOUPLED DEVICES (CCDs), which remain overwhelmingly the detector of choice to the present day(Murdin 2001). The spiral galaxy NGC 3351 is chosen to study its photometric properties by using surface photometric techniques with griz-filters which is the main goal of this study. Observations are obtained from the seventh Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release (DR7)(Abazajian et al., 2009). All the images are corrected for bias and flat field by SDSS pipeline. We have analyzed the overall structure of the galaxy (a bulge, a disk, a bar), together with isophotal contour maps, luminosity profiles and performed a bulge/disk decomposition of the galaxy images, although we have estimated the disk position angle, ellipticity and inclination of the galaxy, it is favorable for investigating the brightness and color distributions over the disk of the galaxy. It is clear that the galaxy has a bright ring dominates the appearance of the circumnuclear, and a faint disk does not take on a spiral form , and from the position angle, ellipticity and B4 profiles of galaxy isophotes the values of the P.A. and ellipticity are fluctuated because of the bar and ring. The luminosity profile shows that the outer disk of this galaxy is of type II Freeman. Finally, the color indices of the NGC 3351 galaxy are characteristic of a normal spiral galaxy with some irregularity.

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 29 2024
Journal Name
International Journal Of Safety And Security Engineering
Urban Safety is a Tool for Containing Slums to Reach a Sustainable Urban Structure
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Many cities suffer from the large spread of slums, especially the cities of the Middle East. The purpose of the paper is to study the reality of informal housing in Al-Barrakia and the most important problems that it suffers from. The paper also seeks to study the presence or absence of a correlation between urban safety indicators and urban containment indicators as one of the methods of developing and planning cities. This can be achieved through sustainable urban management. The slums are a source of many urban problems that threaten the security and safety of the residents and represent a focus for the concentration of crimes and drugs. The paper seeks to answer the following question: How can urban safety be improved through urban cont

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Organizational Structure Analysis Via the dimension of the Organic synthesis
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The study focused on the identification of the natural relation between the organizational components, and the most important is the organizational structure, which not hid its effect on each function and operation of the organizational structure through commanding the individual craters and its forms according to the requirement of these function, also it has relation with an organic synthesis that between the dimensions of the organic synthesis and the practice side in the commission of Integrity.

The problem of the research pensioned in some questions about hypothesis and theoretical parts, in which they go a mention about the hypothesis questions is to use all the knowledge's in this atmosphere and th

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Flow injection analysis for the photometric determination of promethazine-HCl in pure and pharmaceutical preparation via oxidation by persulphate using Ayah 3SX3-3D solar micro photometer
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The first flow injection spectrophotometric method is characterized by its speed and sensitivity which have been developed for the determination of promethazine-HCl in pure and pharmaceutical preparation. It is based on the in situ detection of colored cationic radicals formed via oxidation of the drug with sodium persulphate to pinkish-red species and the same species was determined by using homemade Ayah 3SX3-3D solar flow injection photometer. Optimum conditions were obtained by using the high intensive green light emitted diode as a source. Linear dynamic range for the absorbance versus promethazine-HCl concentration was 0-7 mmol.L-1, with the correlation coefficient (r) was 0.9904 while the percentage linearity (r2%) was 98.09%. the L.

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Publication Date
Wed May 17 2023
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The origins of the structure of nominative pronouns, a linguistic study
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The Arabic pronouns received a lot of attention from the ancient Arab grammarians, so they explained their origins, the different forms of their structure, and the aspects of the Arabs’ use of them, and explained the aspects and reasons for these uses, with what they had of linguistic insight, which guided them to clarify the truth of these pronouns.
And recently, this research seeks new knowledge of the development of the structure of the nominative pronouns (he), (she), (them), (taa), and (waw) between dialects and towards classical Arabic, by analyzing the structure of these pronouns into their components. Its linguistic formulas are traced from the ancient Arabic texts, and by ancient I mean the texts of the era of linguistic ci

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 19 2025
Journal Name
Basic Education College Magazine For Educational And Humanities Sciences
Developing the design structure of Iraqi children magazine covers
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Publication Date
Sun Dec 05 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study the structure of Hg1-x Cdx Te alloy
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A study carried out to prepare Hg1-xCdxTe compound and to see the effect on increasing the percentage of x on the compound structure by using x-ray diffraction and atomic absorption for 0

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
The Constituents of Active Structure in Contemporary Architectural Products
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The structure is considered in its scientific formula one of the concepts which complete the architectural image that seeks to take out an effective and attractive structure in contemporary architectural production, especially that the structure -in general- represents strength in addition to delight and functional benefits according to Vitruvius trinity. So, the role of structure depends on making its aesthetical properties able to give efficiency within architectural product. That has come through adoption of intellectual mechanism of structural means and details –as a whole or parts- and focused on structure with the recipient's needs, aesthetical, and sensory purposes in addition to its fundamental role of stabilit

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2009
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The structure and optical properties of CdSe:Cu Thin Films
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A polycrystalline CdSe thin films doped with (5wt%) of Cu was fabricated using vacuum evaporation technique in the substrate temperature range(Ts=RT-250)oC on glass substrates of the thickness(0.8?m). The structure of these films are determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The X-ray diffraction studies shows that the structure is polycrystalline with hexagonal structure, and there are strong peaks at the direction (200) at (Ts=RT-150) oC, while at higher substrate temperature(Ts=150-250) oC the structure is single crystal. The optical properties as a function of Ts were studied. The absorption, transmission, and reflection has been studied, The optical energy gap (Eg)increases with increase of substrate temperature from (1.65

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Publication Date
Thu Jul 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Histological structure of the Tongue in Mongoose (Herpestes javanicus)
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the histological structure of the tongue in Mongoose (Herpestes javanicus) and its related to the feeding pattern. Five adult animals were used in this study . The tongues were dissected and fixed in 10% formalin, then prepared by following stages (dehydration, clearing, and embedding).The serial section(5µ) were stained with(H&E) and some special stains.The histological examination showed that the tongue consists of three tunicae (mucosa, submucosa and musclaris) and the lining epithelium of the filiform papillae is composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue. The cylindrical papillae are covered with a highly keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue, whereas the k

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 06 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Histological Structure of the Integument in Mastacembelus mastacembelus (Solander)
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The histological structure of integument in Mastacembelus mastacembelus have been investigated from skin fragments cut from nine regions at body surface. The results revealed that the integument of the fish investigated comprises three principal layers- the epidermis, the dermis (corium) and the subcutis-All the three principal layers may further be divided into secondary layers according to the function performed by their cells. The epidermis may further divided into three layers- the outermost epithelial coverage, the middle layer and the basal layer (stratum germinatiuum)-The dermis consists of a relatively thin upper layer of loose vascular connective tissue called the stratum laxum and a thick lower compact layer- the stratum compactu

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