In the presence of multi-collinearity problem, the parameter estimation method based on the ordinary least squares procedure is unsatisfactory. In 1970, Hoerl and Kennard insert analternative method labeled as estimator of ridge regression.

In such estimator, ridge parameter plays an important role in estimation. Various methods were proposed by many statisticians to select the biasing constant (ridge parameter). Another popular method that is used to deal with the multi-collinearity problem is the principal component method. In this paper,we employ the simulation technique to compare the performance of principal component estimator with some types of ordinary ridge regression estimators based on the value of t

Purpose: This study's objective is to assess this relationship in the context of the banking industry in Iraq. The human resources management practices (HRMPs) Theoretical framework: in this study included recruiting and selection, training and development, performance appraisal, compensation and reward to testing relationship HRMPs. Design/methodology/approach: in this study; We analysed by used a quantitative approach, and 246 employees were selected as a sample and given a questionnaire. The SPSS software was used to examine the data that were obtained from the questionnaire. Findings: The study's findings revealed a variety of hypotheses and conclusions, including the following: comp

Purpose: This study's objective is to assess this relationship in the context of the banking industry in Iraq. The human resources management practices (HRMPs) Theoretical framework: in this study included recruiting and selection, training and development, performance appraisal, compensation and reward to testing relationship HRMPs. Design/methodology/approach: in this study; We analysed by used a quantitative approach, and 246 employees were selected as a sample and given a questionnaire. The SPSS software was used to examine the data that were obtained from the questionnaire. Findings: The study's findings revealed a variety of hypotheses and conclusions, including the following: competitive advantage (CA) is positively impacted by

A study on the impact of ascending levels of crude oil on the growth of transplanted seedlings ( March2005 ) of Olive (Olea europaea Linn) was carried out at the experimental area of Iraq Natural History Museum and Research centre / Baghdad University (Bab-Al-Madham –Baghdad)  grown under field condition  and continued till April 2008.The experiment was laid out in complete randomized design ( CRD ) with five levels of pollution (0.0 , 0.5 , 1.0 , 2.0 and 3.0 liter / seedling ) poured at the soil surface , each seedling represented one replicate and was replicated four times . Data collected from the experiment were visual symptoms , percents of seedlings death, plant height and total  dry weight  of harvested

Among the duties of the state is to organize the lives of individuals in all respects, and among the categories that the state has to organize their lives are the category of new graduates who are looking for work, As a result of the conditions that accompany our dear country, such as the deterioration of economic life, the rise in unemployment, the inability of the state to recruit graduates as a whole, and the shortage that has appeared in the teaching staff in schools, especially those located in remote areas of the governorates, Studies have shown that there is a significant shortage of teaching staff, which prompted the state to create a new category, the category of free lecturers, and they are people who pledge to give free lectur

We notice that the issue of development is one of the most important issues in ourepoch especially in our country which classify within back ward countries.

When we talk here about the development we don’t mean only the development of capitals or the development of products.but the most important thing is the development of mind .if we notice the experience of  developits economy and it didn’t reach to the wanted aim.because these sides .  The highness of the meutal rate of the nation is the standard of of the nation is the standard of the sentific and cultural advance for this nation .And that is what we have noticed in human societies ingenerall .

We noticed that

The first known use of the term conspiracy theory dated back to the nineteenth century. It is defined as a theory that explains an event or set of circumstances as the result of a secret plot by usually powerful conspirators. It is commonly used, but by no means limited to, extreme political groups. Since the emergence of COVID-19 as a global pandemic in December 2019, the conspiracy theory was present at all stages of the pandemic.

The first known use of the term conspiracy theory dated back to the nineteenth century. It is defined as a theory that explains an event or set of circumstances as the result of a secret plot by usually powerful conspirators. It is commonly used, but by no means limited to, extreme political groups. Since the emergence of COVID-19 as a global pandemic in December 2019, the conspiracy theory was present at all stages of the pandemic.

Software cost management is a significant feature of project management. As such, it needs to be employed in a project or line of work. Software cost management is integral to software development failures, which, in turn, cause software failure. Thus, it is imperative that software development professionals develop their cost management skills to deliver successful software projects. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of cost management success factors with project management factors and three agile methodologies – Extreme Programming (XP), Scrum and Kanban methodologies which are used in the Pakistani software industry. To determine the results, the researchers applied quantitative approach through an extensive survey on