That water is the lifeblood and without it no life on our planet, he says in the Holy Koran: In the Name of God {{And We made from water every living thing}} truth of God Almighty (the prophets verse 30) The basis of the existence of settlements served human and a source of fresh water close to it easy access to it is used for domestic, agricultural, on a daily basis, even closer look at the map of Iraq to human settlement to find it is a signatory to both sides of the river are thick and less as we moved away from the source of water until they make up a scene like a necklace the river and the stones of cities and settlements served, was the ancient civilizations, countries and capitals Throughout history, choose sites near sources of water, whether eyes or oases or rivers or wells, from here came the importance of this research sheds light on the freshwater default inherent in the products and food and consumer goods that we use every day without being aware of the amount of water in the pattern we use daily this. Attic start must know what is the virtual water and how much value each product or commodity and how it can reduce the west of water through the knowledge of this term, and how can we calculate the state budget of fresh water whether we are an exporter of our water to the outside or the State of import water from abroad, and finally We went out a set of conclusions and some recommendations that would contribute to reduce the depletion of fresh water.
In this research, an enhancement in lubricating, rheological, and filtration properties of unweighted water-based mud is fundamentally investigated using XC polymer NPs with 0.2gm, 0.5gm, 1gm, 2gm, and 4gm concentrations. Bentonite, that had been used in the preparation of unweighted water-based mud, was characterized using XRF-1800 Sequential X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer, XRD-6100/7000 X-ray Diffractometer, and Malvern Mastersizer 2000 particle size analyzer, respectively. Lubricating, rheology and filtration properties of unweighted water-based mud were measured at room temperature (35°C) using OFITE EP and Lubricity Tester, OFITE Model 900 Viscometer, and OFITE Low-Pressure Filter Press, respectively. XC Polymer N
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Surface drip irrigation is one of the most conservative irrigation techniques that help control providing water directly on the soil through the emitters. It can supply fertilizer and providing water directly to plant roots by drippers. One of the essential needs for trickle irrigation nowadays is to obtain more knowledge about the moisture pattern under the trickling source for various types of soil with various discharge levels with trickle irrigation. Simulation numerical using HYDRUS-2D software, version 2.04 was used to estimate an equation for the wetted area from a single surface drip irrigation in unsaturated soil is taking into account water uptake by roots. In this paper, using two soil types were used, namely
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Background: the oral cavity is consider to be an open ecosystem, with the balance between the microorganism’s entrance and the defenses of the host. The initiation of periodontitis has been associated with restricted kinds of anaerobic bacteria, such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g) in plaque subgingivally. Ozone has a biological effects on bacteria due to oxidation of bio-molecules and its toxins. The aim is to determine and compare the antimicrobial effect of gaseous ozone and ozonized water on the growth of isolated anaerobic bacteria (A.a and P.g) when exposed to different time intervals. Materials and methods:This experiment is done byozone generator OLYMPIC- III(600mg/hr) to gene
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The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the cyanobacterium Scytonema hofmanni Var. calcicolum from the domestic drinking tanks as a new record in Iraqi drinking water. Scytonema hofmanni var. calcicolum, a filamentous freshwater cyanobacterium (blue-green alga). This alga was isolated from the walls of the domestic plastic water tanks in Al- karkh/ Baghdad city on July 2014. The sampling was performed by collecting three samples from this tanks, the three examined samples microscopically revealed the dominance of this cyanobacterium as unialgal in the studied samples. The results showed this alga has the ability to tolerate high temperature up to 42 Cº and very low light intensity inside the tanks which up to 10 μE/m²/s.
This research presents a new algorithm for classification the
shadow and water bodies for high-resolution satellite images (4-
meter) of Baghdad city, have been modulated the equations of the
color space components C1-C2-C3. Have been using the color space
component C3 (blue) for discriminating the shadow, and has been
used C1 (red) to detect the water bodies (river). The new technique
was successfully tested on many images of the Google earth and
Ikonos. Experimental results show that this algorithm effective to
detect all the types of the shadows with color, and also detects the
water bodies in another color. The benefit of this new technique to
discriminate between the shadows and water in fast Matlab pro
The determination of river pollution impact on the performance of water treatment plants is achieved by two main objectives. The first is to study raw and treated water qualities and comparing them with standards and the second is to evaluate the treatment plants efficiency. The analyzed data were those water quality parameters in relation to physical, chemical and bacteriological characteristics for river water and produced water by seven water treatment plants located on Tigris River passing through Baghdad City.
The results of this study indicated that all raw water characteristic are within the surface water standards established by Iraqi and USA criteria except Bacterial Counts.
Tigris River water is of good quality to be trea
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The distribution of chilled water flow rate in terminal unit is an important factor used to evaluate the performance of central air conditioning unit. A prototype of A/C unit has been made, which contains three terminal units with a complete set of accessories (3-way valve, 2-way valve, and sensors) to study the effect of the main parameters, such as total water flow rate and chilled water supply temperature with variable valve opening. In this work, 40 tests were carried out. These tests were in two groups, 20 test for 3-way valve case and 20 test for 2-way valve case. These tests were performed at three levels of valve opening, total water flow rate and water supply temperature according to the design matrices establis
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