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The guarantees to the rule of law Iraq and Algeria exemplar
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      ان اي مجتمع لابد له من سلطة تنظم امره وتدبر شؤونه لان المجتمع الانساني ضروري ويعبر الحكماء عن هذا بقولهم (( الانسان مدني بالطبع اي لابد له من الاجتماع ))(


[i]) ، وان مبدأ سيادة القانون يتطلب وجود دولة قانونية تقوم على اركان حقيقية تستمد قوتها من الشعب باعتباره مصدر السلطات ،ولها قوة ملزمة تستمدها من القواعد الدستورية التي ارست عليها بنائها القانوني.

      واليوم ونحن في العقد الثاني من الالفية الثالثة نرى مدى تطور الانظمة الديمقراطية التي قطعت اشواطاً كبيرة في بناء دولة المؤسسات والقانون ،اي الدولة القانونية التي تقوم على مبدأ المساواة بين مواطنيها ، وعلى التداول السلمي لنقل السلطة بين حكامها .

     ان دولة القانون تعني سريان حكم القانون على الحاكم والمحكوم على حد سواء ، لذلك فأن من اهم ضمانات مبدأ سيادة القانون هو وجود رقابة حقيقية وفعالة لتطبيق القانون وحمايته من اي تجاوز عليه من السلطات ،او افراد الشعب ،ومن هذه الضمانات الرقابة السياسية التي تكون اوسع قاعدة رقابية لما فيها من حلقات رقابية متعددة ومتنوعة تعمل على حماية القانون وضمان احترامه ، وللإدارة دور في حماية مبدأ سيادة القانون من خلال الرقابة الادارية التي تسمح للإدارة بمراجعة اعمالها وامكانيتها في سحب اعمالها المخالفة لمبدأ المشروعية، وان كانت هي الحكم والخصم في هذه الحماية الا ان عملها المتنوع ذاتي متعدد الدرجات .

    ولم يقف الامر عندها بل وجود الرقابة القضائية يعد صمام امان حقيقي بين الادارة ومواطنيها والتي تعمل على حماية حقوق وحريات الافراد من اي تجاوز، وهي اكثر انواع الرقابة فاعلية لأنها تعمل على الموازنة بين المصلحة العامة والمصلحة الخاصة، وان ابهى صور الدولة القانونية تتجلى في صيانة مبدأ المشروعية الذي يعني( ان يخضع الحكام جميعاً للقانون ،بحيث لا تكون اعمالهم ولا قراراتهم صحيحة قانوناً ولا ملزمة للأفراد ،الا بقدر التزامها بحدود الاطار القانوني الذي تعيش في ظله )([ii])،متى ما التزم الجميع بحدود القانون نكون امام الدولة القانونية.

 

[i] مقدمة ابن خلدون : ص41.

[ii] د. احمد كمال ابو المجد : رقابة القضاء على اعمال الادارة ، دار النهضة العربية ، القاهرة ،1964،ص7.

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 03 2013
Journal Name
Heat Transfer-asian Research
CFD Simulation of Heat Transfer Augmentation in a Circular Tube Fitted with Alternative Axis Twisted Tape in Laminar Flow under a Constant Heat Flux
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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Harnessing Innovative Solutions for Achieving Continuous Quality Improvement Requirements in Water Treatment Plants: A Case Study of Continuous Quality Improvement in Baghdad Water Authority.
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Abstract

This Research aims for harnessing critical and innovative thinking approaches besides innovative problem solving tools in pursuing continual quality improvement initiatives for the benefit of achieving operations results effectively in water treatment plants in Baghdad Water Authority. Case study has been used in fulfilling this research in the sadr city water treatment plant, which was chosen as a study sample as it facilitates describing and analyzing its current operational situation, collecting and analyzing its own data, in order to get its own desired improvement opportunity be done. Many statistical means and visual thinking promoting methods has been used to fulfill research task.

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 06 2013
Journal Name
Advances In Physics Theories And Applications
Adsorption study of Symmetrical schiff base ligand 4,4 -[hydrazine -1,2- diylidenebis ( methan-1-yl-1-ylidene) bis ( 2-methoxyphenol)] on Granulated Initiated calcined Iraqi …
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Sun Jan 01 2012
Journal Name
Natural Science
Determination of threshold random gain medium in dye: Polymer films containing TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles
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Publication Date
Fri May 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
Effect Special Exercises & Electrical Muscle Stimulation In Maximum Strength Balance by indication Electrical Activity for Muscles on Both Sides of Body For Disabled Weightlifters
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MJ Abbas, AK Hussein, Journal of Physical Education, 2019

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 30 2023
Journal Name
Basrah Journal Of Surgery
Can Hyaluronic acid gel enhance wound healing faster than Advanced Platelets Rich Fibrin following surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars? A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Annals Of Tropical Medicine & Public Health
Newly developed method for determination of methyldopa drug using ammonium ceric (IV) nitrate by continuous flow injection analysis via homemade NAG-ADF-300-2 analyser
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A new, simple, sensitive and fast developed method was used for the determination of methyldopa in pure and pharmaceutical formulations by using continuous flow injection analysis. This method is based on formation a burgundy color complex between methyldopa andammonium ceric (IV) nitrate in aqueous medium using long distance chasing photometer NAG-ADF-300-2. The linear range for calibration graph was 0.05-8.3 mmol/L for cell A and 0.1-8.5 mmol/L for cell B, and LOD 952.8000 ng /200 µL for cell A and 3.3348 µg /200 µL for cell B respectively with correlation coefficient (r) 0.9994 for cell A and 0.9991 for cell B, RSD % was lower than 1 % for n=8. The results were compared with classical method UV-Spectrophotometric at λ max=280 n

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 06 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Effectiveness of an Instructional Program on Patientsꞌ Knowledge about Home Safety While Receiving Anti -Cancer Medications at Al- Karama Teaching Hospital in Al-Kut City
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Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of the instructional program on patients’ knowledge about home safety while receiving anti-cancer treatment at  Al- Karama Teaching Hospital in Al-Kut City.

Methodology:   A quasi-experimental design is conducted through the application of a pre-test and post-test approach for the study and control groups from February 5th, 2020 to April 25th, 2020. A non–probability (purposive) sample of (50) patients treated at the Blood Disease and Oncology Center is selected and divided into two groups. Each group contains (25) patients as control and study groups. An instrument is constructed that is comprised of two parts; t

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Publication Date
Sat May 14 2022
Journal Name
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery
Evaluation of crestal sinus floor elevations using versah burs with simultaneous implant placement, at residual bone height ≥ 2.0 _ < 6.0 mm. A prospective clinical study
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Publication Date
Sun Sep 27 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Effectiveness of an Instructional Program Concerning Non-Pharmacological Guideline on Controlling Essential Hypertension among Patients at AL-Sader Hospital in AL-Najaf AL-Ashraf City
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Objective: The aims of present study to detect the effectiveness of instruction program of non-pharmacological guideline on blood pressure and laboratory test.

 

Methodology: A pre-experimental study was conducted in Al-Sader Teaching Hospital   from 8th of September 2019 to 25th of May 2020, in order to find out the effectiveness of instruction program concerning non-pharmacological guideline on controlling essential hypertension among patients. A non- probability (purposive sample) of 50 patients with essential hypertension is selected. Those patients are already diagnosed with Essential Hypertension

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