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المسؤولية المدنية للعامل وإمكانية التخفيف منها
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متى يكون العامل مسؤولاً تجاه صاحب العمل عن الضرر المادي الذي يولده له او للغير، والناتج عن خطأ ارتكبه، هل هناك قواعد خاصة تنظم هذه المسؤولية أم تطبق عقد العامة في المسؤولية؟

يخضع عقد العمل الى نظام قانوني اساسي، ومتناقض مع العقود المدنية الاخرى وحتى القريبة منه والتي تخضع الى احكام القانون المدني، كعقد المقاولة وعقد الوكالة، أو التي تخضع الى احكام القانون التجاري، كعقد الشركة، رغم ان هذه العقود تتفق مع عقد العمل من حيث ان موضوعها هو القيام بعمل.

أو اساس هذا التنظيم القانوني الاساسي المتناقض لعقد العمل مع العقود الاخرى هو معيار التبعية القانونية، الذي من شأنه ان يضع العامل تحت سلطة واشراف ورقابة صاحب العمل عند تنفيذه للعمل.

إذا كانت التبعية القانونية هي اساس التمييز بين عقد العمل والعقود المشابهة الأخرى، يعني امكانية وجود قواعد خاصة لعقد العمل، قد تختلف عن القواعد القانونية المنظمة لأحكام المسؤولية المدنية في العقود الاخرى.

المشرع العراقي، سواء على مستوى القانون المدني، او على مستوى قانون العمل، أكد على تطبيق القواعد العامة للمسؤولية المدنية على المسؤولية المدنية للعامل تجاه صاحب العمل او تجاه الغير.

ويبدو، انه لهذا السبب تجنب شراح قانون العمل العراقي البحث في مسؤولية العامل المدنية تجاه صاحب العمل او اتجاه الغير. اذ نظر هؤلاء الى عقد العمل كونه عقد رضائي، ملزم للجانبين، وهو التزام باداء عمل، والتزام ببذل عناية، وهو من العقود المستمرة واخيرا فهو من العقود المسماة التي نضمها القانون المدني في المواد من 900 الى ٩٢٥.

نعتقد، ان ما يتمتع به عقد العمل من خاصية (التبعية القانونية) تميزه عن العقود المشابهة، ولكون عقد العمل ينظم علاقات بين طرفين غير متكافئين من الناحية الاقتصادية، ولما يتصف به عقد العمل من خاصية اجتماعية، لكل هذه الاسباب، يمكن دراسة هذا الموضوع ومحاولة ايجاد قواعد قانونية خاصة بعقد العمل تحكم المسؤولية تجاه صاحب العمل والغير. ولتحقيق ذلك فاننا سنقسم هذا الموضوع الى مبحثين:

المبحث الأول: تحديد الطبيعة القانونية للمسؤولية المدنية للعامل.

المبحث الثاني: حماية العامل ضد المسؤولية المدنية الناتجة عن العمل.

 

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 01 2006
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
قياس المسؤولية الاجتماعية لدى طلبة جامعة القادسية
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أهمية البحث والحاجة إليه:

تبدو لنا المسؤولية الاجتماعية بأنها أحدى الخصائص التي يكتسبها الفرد من بيئته الاجتماعية, بتأثير مجموعة القيم التي تحكم سلوك الأفراد في ذلك المجتمع فتبدأ المسؤولية الاجتماعية بأولى صورها على شكل إدراك الفرد لمتطلبات المجتمع وإدراكه لدوره في المساهمة في أنجاز تلك المتطلبات, وفي الواقع إن الإدراك لوحده لا يكفي لان يمارس الفرد مسؤوليته داخل المجتمع, فيظهر المستوى الأخر و

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 15 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
The Tort Caused by the Transmission of Coronavirus Infection (A comparative study)
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        The Corona pandemic has raised many repercussions on all levels and fields, and several questions have arisen, especially in the legal field, where many responsibilities arise due to the way this pandemic is dealt with, exploited by some, or neglected some obligations imposed to confrontit. Civil responsibility emerges as an important part in the scope of dealing with the effects of the Corona pandemic, as some people deliberately or negligently tend to harm others, which calls for resorting to the provisions of civil responsibility. It seems that the burden of civil responsibility falls not only on individuals, but also on private and public legal persons alike.

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 03 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
The International Responsibility for Repelling Boat Refugees
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The maritime borders of the coastal state are the scene of the human tragedies that we are witnessing in the context of the perilous plight of refugees at sea، and the failure to help people at risk by the coastal state will entail international responsibility towards them، and the three international maritime conventions، commitments aimed at coastal states with the duty to provide assistance and rescue to persons in danger of being lost at sea، is without doubt one of the most basic principles established in the law of the sea، in addition to establishing and operating And maintenance of the search and rescue service، and not to expel them and return them to their country of origin or another country.

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
Parametric design tools and how to take advantage of it in 3D sculptural design
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The design was distinguished in Late Twenty-First Century With new and new methods Through which the ability to adapt all technical media in the formation of two-dimensional and three-dimensional figures and shapes was achieved .
Which led to the emergence of endless sets of design ideas characterized by the heterogeneity of design forms and design solutions that preceded it. The designer could not access these creations in various architectural and artistic fields only through computer programs, especially those related to the activation of mathematical logic and what is known as algorithms in the formation and construction of the form, which led to the emergence of the "parametric direction" and the problem of research is summarized

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 11 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
International responsibility for the proliferation of small arms and light weapons
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        he responsibility system has an important role in various international fields, including the area of ​​the proliferation of small and light weapons, and the destabilization and imbalance that this proliferation causes causes and legal centers, because without them, the agreement rules have no impact and significance, given the guarantees decided by the responsibility to ensure respect for the obligations imposed by that system,  Every action that violates the provisions of international law, whether it comes to a simple violation of an international obligation or a violation of a fundamental obligation that affects the interests of the international community requires the accountabilit

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
International criminal responsibility for ISIS crimes
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In contest of the serious crimes committed by the gangs of the terrorist, it was necessary to shed light on how to prevent their impunity. Therefore, this research came to examine the composition of these gangs, their nature and source of funding, and then the nature of the crimes committed by them, and if their crimes fall in the International criminal law or only within the framework of the Iraqi criminal law, after that we were able to find out the nature of those crimes and thus the best mechanisms that represent the just punishment that these gangs deserve as a punishment for the crimes they committed against the unarmed civilians.

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 03 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
المشكلات التي تعاني منها المرأة العراقية الأرملة في ظل الظروف الراهنة
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This research aims at identifying problems  that the  Iraqi widow woman suffers from. The research is limited to a Sample of terrorism victims widows which is up to (70) widows from Al-Amal center for widows and orphans care in Baghdad.                                                                                <

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 01 2022
Journal Name
مجلة كلية القانون والعلوم السياسية
المسؤولية التعاقدية عن اساءة استعمال الحق
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يتناول البحث دراسة تطبيق نظرية اساءة استعمال الحق في مجال المسؤولية التعاقدية

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 10 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
Legal Problems In one person company Limited liability
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The emergence of one-person company as a necessary to cope with the needs of the market and the result of economic development and trade activities and the need for the market for the emergence of many companies and increase the opportunity to work and eliminate unemployment. One person is a turning point because it will encourage many owners of economic activities to establish these companies properly legally, which has an impact on improving the economy in the indicators of global competitiveness and in order to reduce the sham companies, and the development of business Irrigation and investment activities practiced by the various companies have emerged the need for this company, has been e-commerce and its role in small and medium-siz

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 31 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
International responsibility for damage caused by cyber attacks
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The research sheds light on a new topic of international law, the most important of which is, around which there are still question marks and differences in most of its aspects, especially with regard to international liability for damage caused by cyber attacks in the virtual space, the last is the fifth area that appeared alongside other area (Land, sea, air and outer space) and in addition to being a space on which states depend in the performance of their functions and international relations, it is a new arena for war and a source of danger to the security of states, As the security exposure to the secrets of states increased due to espionage and piracy, and the attacks on the infrastructure of countries increased, and the silence o

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