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Experimental Evaluation of Evaporative Cooling for Enhancing Photovoltaic Panels Efficiency Using Underground Water
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This paper presents an experimental study of cooling photovoltaic (PV) panels using evaporative cooling. Underground (geothermal energy) water used to extract heat from it during cooling and cleaning of PV panels. An experimental test rig was constructed and tested under hot and dusty climate conditions in Baghdad. An active cooling system was used with auxiliary an underground water tank to provide cold water as a coolant over both PV surfaces to reduce its temperature. The cellulose pad has been arranged on the back surface and sprays cooling on the front side. Two identical PV panels modules used: without cooling and evaporative water cooling. The experiments are comprised of four cases: Case (I): backside cooling, Case (II): front and back cooling (pump supply water every 35 minutes), Case (III): cooling both sides using Arduino controller. Water cooling pump operation depending on the panel temperatures (temperature sensors were installed on the front of the panel), Case (IV): Repeating case III with different water flow rates. Experimental results showed that the average reduction in module temperatures was 4, 8,12.2 and 12.6 ⁰C respectively by Case (I), (II), (III) and (IV) with respect to a non-cooling module. Using evaporative water cooling achieved a total improvement of 1.74%, 2.8%, 15.8%, and 16% in the conversion efficiency of the panel by the Case (I), (II), (III) and (IV) respectively when compared to a non-cooling module.

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Ieee Access
Proposition of New Ensemble Data-Intelligence Models for Surface Water Quality Prediction
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Publication Date
Wed Dec 25 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Non-deterministic Approach for Reliability Evaluation of Steel Beam
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This paper aims to evaluate the reliability analysis for steel beam which represented by the probability of Failure and reliability index. Monte Carlo Simulation Method (MCSM) and First Order Reliability Method (FORM) will be used to achieve this issue. These methods need two samples for each behavior that want to study; the first sample for resistance (carrying capacity R), and second for load effect (Q) which are parameters for a limit state function. Monte Carlo method has been adopted to generate these samples dependent on the randomness and uncertainties in variables. The variables that consider are beam cross-section dimensions, material property, beam length, yield stress, and applied loads. Matlab software has be

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 10 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Formulation and Evaluation of Domperidone Nanoemulsions for Oral Rout
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          The aim of the present study is to formulate, evaluate and characterize the nanoemulsion of Domperidone a poorly water-soluble anti-emetic drug.

           Domperidone powder is white or almost white powder, photosensitive, practically insoluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol and in methanol; soluble in dimethylformamide. It is used as an antiemetic for the short-term treatment of nausea and vomiting of various etiologies.

           Solubility studies were conducted to select the oil, surfactant and cosurfactant. Phase diagrams were constructed by aqueous phase

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 25 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Problem of International Finance and Efficiency of Local Savings in Financing for Development in Algeria: Standard study for the period (1970-2014)
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      The aim of this study is to investigate the nature of the relationship between domestic savings and domestic investment, or rather the efficiency of domestic savings in financing development in Algeria, in order to explain this relationship, identify the challenges to investment, and finance and accelerate economic growth. The economic measurement methodology has estimated the relationship between the savings rate and the local investment rate in the Algerian economy. We have annual data for the period 1970-2014. One of the most important conclusions is that there is no relationship between savings and investment, nor even an integration between them. To illustrate this, the use of some statistical tools, a

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Publication Date
Sat May 09 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Psychosocial Rehabilitation
The Role of Human Resources Strategic Management on Enhancing Talent Success Factors; Exploratory analytical research in the General Authority for Tourism
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The research aims to verify the role of the Human Resources Strategic Management (HRSM) in enhancing the strategic success factors for talent (SSFT) in the General Tourism Authority by distributing a questionnaire consisting of (36) paragraphs on an intentional sample represented by the higher departments as it reached (50) and the sample valid for testing was (44) Person and to test the relationships between the two research variables, the researchers used statistical methods represented by (Bartlett test / mean / simple regression coefficient / difference coefficient, alpha- cronbachAch, confirmatory factor Analysis ) through the statistical program (SPSS v.23 & AMOS v.23). In enhancing the factors of success for talent management in the

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 04 2021
Journal Name
International Journal Of Drug Delivery Technology
Evaluation of the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant Activity of Crab Components and Crab Shell in Experimental Rats in Comparison with Dexamethasone and Diclofenac Sodium
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Crabs belong to the crustacean family (Decapods crustacean), and their shells contain natural ingredients from which the bioactive compounds are derived. It has been used as folklore medicine in cancer treatment. We investigate the possible anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects for crab shells and whole crabs. Thirty-six rats (150–200 gm) from both sexes were used, divided into six groups, the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity measured using cotton pellet induce granuloma model. Detection of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF α), Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), superoxide (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels using ELISA Kits. The data analysis by one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey test. Values are significant at (p < 0.05).

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 06 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Constructional Efficiency in Al_Ahwaar Traditional Architecture
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Constructional Efficiency in architecture in general is one of the most important standard success for any structure and a measure of its continuity and relevance across time and space. Given the importance of Al-Ahwaar environment that owned the spatial, environmental, economic and social elements had a prominent impact in creation of architecture patterns form to create special architectural and structural environment, which had many qualities and ingredients that contributed to its continuity and existence over the years. From the premise that man and his environment is the main goal to any architectural style,

Thus the research problem focusing on the lack of clarity of the previous literatures in its st

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 01 2021
Journal Name
Energy Ecological Environment
Removal of pathogenic bacteria from synthetic contaminated water using packed bed silver nanoparticle-coated substrates
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In this study, a packed bed was used to remove pathogenic bacteria from synthetic contaminated water. Two types of packing material substrates, sand and zeolite, were used. These substrates were coated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), which were prepared by decomposition of Ag ions from AgNO3 solution. The prepared coated packings were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The packed column consisted of a PVC cylinder of 2 cm diameter and 20 cm in length. The column was packed with silver nanoparticlecoated substrates (sand or zeolite) at a depth of 10 cm. Four types of bacteria were studied: Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Pseudomonas aerugi

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering Science And Technology (jestec)
Water Quality Assessment and Sodium Adsorption Ratio Prediction of Tigris River Using Artificial Neural Network
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Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) is considered as a measure of the water suitability for irrigation usage. This study examines the effect of the physicochemical parameters on water quality and SAR, which included Calcium(Ca+2), Magnesium(Mg+2), Sodium (Na+), Potassium (K), Chloride (Cl-), Sulfate(SO4-2), Carbonate (CO3-2), Bicarbonate (HCO3-), Nitrate (NO3-), Total Hardness (TH), Total Dissolved Salts (TDS), Electrical Conductivity (EC), degree of reaction (DR), Boron (B) and the monthly and annually flow discharge (Q). The water samples were collected from three stations across the Tigris River in Iraq, which flows through Samarra city (upstream), Baghdad city (central) and the end of Kut city (downstream) for the periods of 2016-201

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering Science And Technology
Water quality assessment and sodium adsorption ratio prediction of Tigris River using artificial neural network
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