Background: Historically the traditional medical program are divided into preclinical basic sciences course which taught separately (subject based) and clinical course which taught also as subject based, spoon feeding ,few delivery modes , no or few interactive session and the assessment solely based on examination and no weightage is given to the continuous assessment.Curricular reform: In the last few decades, there have been increasing pressures on medical educators for curriculum reform, and many accreditation bodies were established a guidelines for the medical schools. In many countries, the traditional approach has largely been modified towards a more integrated approach. An integrated approach is still subject centered but transcends the traditional subject boundaries. Teaching units from subject disciplines are fused together around themes/concepts such as body systems.Conclusions: For medical educators, it is of utmost important to be familiar with the current trends in program and curriculum design. Medical curricula need to be dynamic and responsive to external influences and changes if they are to ensure that the doctors of the future have the knowledge, skills and attitudes required by the communities which they serve
Standards play a vital role in documenting the values of new test results in the form of tables. They are one of the basic requirements that the standardization process aims for as a complement to standardizing test procedures, and contribute to knowing the current reality of the student. The degree of readiness and level as a result of practicing different exercises for sports activities, in addition to the possibility of adopting it for comparison with his group or similar groups, classification, prediction and selection. Developing the skill of handling the football in the educational field is an important matter for achieving distinguished performance among students. This skill requires a level of accuracy, speed and control, and
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إن تجسيد الشعراء للجمال واقامته تمثالا مصورا مرئيا ، كان الهدف منه اولا اشاعة جو نفسي مريح في مقدمات قصائد المديح ، فهو الجزء البصري الممتع لمدركات حسية اخرى ترافقه، وأما المرامي الاخرى
ﻓﮭﻲ إﻣﺘﺎع اﻟﻨﻔﺲ إﻣﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎع أﺟﻤﻞ ﺻﻮرة أو أﻧﻤﻮذج ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺬاﻛﺮة، وﺟﻌﻠﮫ ﯾﺤﯿﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﻟﺪواﻋﻲ اﻟﺤﻨﯿﻦ للاماكن والازمنة الاثيرة . أو الميل للتعبير عن الوعي الجمالي الذي يتصل بموضوع الج
... Show MoreMost real-life situations need some sort of approximation to fit mathematical models. The beauty of using topology in approximation is achieved via obtaining approximation for qualitative subgraphs without coding or using assumption. The aim of this paper is to apply near concepts in the -closure approximation spaces. The basic notions of near approximations are introduced and sufficiently illustrated. Near approximations are considered as mathematical tools to modify the approximations of graphs. Moreover, proved results, examples, and counterexamples are provided.
<p>The speech act of request is face-threatening by nature and an inappropriate request can cause offence to the hearer, particularly when s/he has higher authority (Economidou-Kogetsidis, 2011). E-mail is frequently used to facilitate communication between student and professor in Iraq. Iraqi EFL (English as a foreign language) learners face pragmatic difficulty in making proper requests to individuals of higher authority via e-mail. Some studies have been conducted on Arab EFL learners to uncover the pragmatic behaviour of these learners in real-life requests using elicited data. This research fills a gap in Inter-language Pragmatics (ILP) literature in that it investigates the use of academic request in three diverse imposi
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Terrorism is an old phenomenon, but awareness of its seriousness talk of where to stretch the impact of the terrorist crime and the magnitude of the results as well as the community's awareness of the newly therefore appeared studies and special laws to deal with this phenomenon, especially that this phenomenon has increased the time being to enter an organization where the scientific methods and modern techniques that cause destruction and horror of mass.That the term terrorism in the modern era did not materialize and actually only in 1793 and that was when he declared Robespierre (Robespierre) the beginning of the reign of terror or Alrhb (Reign of terror) which lasted in France from March 10 1973_27 July 1794 where it was the execution
... Show MoreApical meristems, lateral buds, anthers of immature flowers and immature embryos of chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.) were cultured on MS media with different growth regulators and incubated for 6 weeks at 25-27?C with 16 hrs photoperiod for callus initiation. Results indicated that 1 and 0.1 mg/l of 2,4-D and BA were suitable for callus initiation when apical meristems and lateral buds were used. While 2 and 0.5 mg/l of both growth regulators were essential for immature embryos. It was noticed that using chickpea anthers of the MS medium must contain 1mg/l 2ip and 0.5 mg/l IAA. However, MS medium supplemented with 1-3 mg/l of BA and 2,4-D respectively was good for callus initiation from lateral buds, anther and immature embryos.
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Cities have witnessed great changes since the planning of the first cities. This is due to the increase in population and problems in services that affect urban security. As such, urban security is directed and affected by the nature of city planning and the types of services. Besides, the kind of services plays an imminent place in providing urban security at all levels. Other factors that influence urban security can be limited to the increase of population, economic and social changes. This leads to losing urban control. This study will explore the historical chronology to identify weaknesses in urban planning since its dawn and reaching solutions to protect urban security. The importance of the research lies in achieving urban securi
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Background: Bone cutter is widely used in the
Middle east area to cut the prepuce during circumcision.
Results :One hundred twenty one male neonates
were included in this study.The mean operative
time (MOT) was 6 minutes, mean time of
healing (MTH) was 5 days, 7 cases (5.9%)
developed early & late complications, 2 (1.7%)
had bleeding, 3 (2.5%) developed infection, 2
(1.7%) developed late complications in the form
of meatal stenosis.
Settings:Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital and a
private surgical clinic.
Aim of the study: To assess the safety of
circumcision using bone cutter.
Methods: Over 6 years period from Jan. 2000
till Dec. 2005, one hundred twenty one male
neonates were circumci