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jih-3353
Theoretical Study of the Lasing Output for a Quasi-Three-Level Operation in Nd 3+:YAG Thin- Disk Laser
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In this research, the effect of each of the concentrations ( Nd+3) was studied (N) the thickness of the thin disk (d) the number of times that the pumping beam passes through the effective medium of this laser (Mp) the reflectivity of the laser output mirror (R 2) The losses of the effective medium (L) and the pumping power used in achieving the reverse qualification (PP) on each of the pumping threshold capacities (Pp.th) and the output power of the laser (Pout) and the efficiency (ŋ) in Nd3+ thin-disk lasers (TDLs) pumping quasi-three-level With continuous operation (cw), at room temperature, and in the Gaussian mode (TEM00),

We found under these operating conditions for this laser design that each of the (Pout) and (ŋ) increases by increasing each of (N), (d), (MP), and (R2), while the ( pp.th) decreases with this increase. We also found that as the losses (L) increases (pout) and (ŋ) decrease, and (pp.th) increase, as for increasing the pumping capacity, it leads to an increase in (Pout) only. Both (Pout) and (ŋ) are not affected by such an increase. In light of these results, the typical values for these coefficients were determined, and then you get the highest value for pout and (ŋ) the lowest value for (pp.th) for this laser design under the operating conditions that were adopted in this research.

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Publication Date
Sun May 01 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Early Childhood Special Education (int-jecs)
Study of some visual functions and functional variables of the respiratory and nervous systems and their relationship to the level of achievement of air rifle shooting
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The purpose of this paper is to identifying the relationship between some visual functions and the level of achievement of air rifle shooting among young Iraqi female, and identifying the relationship between some functional variables of the respiratory and nervous systems at the level of achievement of air rifle shooting among young Iraqi female. The researchers used the descriptive approach in the correlative relationships style for its suitability and the research problem. The researchers determined the research community by the intentional method represented by (10) young female shooters who represent the national team with air rifle shooting effectiveness, and who represent (100%) of the research community. One of the most important re

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Theoretical and Experimental Study of Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel Surface in 3.5% NaCl and 0.5 M HCl with Different Concentrations of Quinolin-2-One Derivative
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A theoretical and protection study was conducted of the corrosion behavior of carbon steel surface with different concentrations of the derivative (Quinolin-2-one), namely 7-Ethyl-4-methyl-1-[(4-nitro-benzylidene)-amino]-1H-quinolin-2-one (EMNQ2O). Theoretically, Density Functional Theory (DFT) of B3LYP/ 6-311++G/ 2d, 2p level was carried out to calculate the geometrical structure, physical properties and chemical inhibition chemical parameters, with the local reactivity in order to predict both the reactive centers and to know the possible sites of nucleophilic and electrophilic attacks, in vacuum and two solvents (DMSO and H2O), all at the equilibrium geometry. Experimentally, the inhibition efficiencies (%IE) in (3.5% NaCl)

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 03 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study of Nonlinear Refraction and Nonlinear Absorption Coefficients of Different CdS Film Thickness by diode laser
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In the present work, different thicknesses of CdS film were prepared by chemical bath deposition. Z-Scan technique was used to study the nonlinear refractive index and nonlinear absorption coefficients. Linear optical testing were done such as transmission test, and thickness of films were done by the interference fringes (Michelson interferometer). Z-scan experiment was performed at 650nm using CW diode laser and at 532nm wavelength. The results show the effect of self-focusing and defocusing that corresponds with nonlinear refraction n2. The effect of two-photon absorption was also studied, which correspond to the nonlinear absorption coefficient B.

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 01 2024
Journal Name
Misan Journal For Physical Education Sciences
A comparative study of the reasons for the reluctance of female physical education teachers in “Baqubah” to participate in refereeing sports competitions according to the variable of years of service
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When searching for an answer to the following question: What are the reasons for the reluctance of female physical education teachers in secondary schools to referee sports competitions according to the variable of years of service? It was found that the research aimed to reveal the differences between the opinions of the research sample of physical education teachers in secondary schools (girls) about refereeing sports competitions according to the variable of years of service. To achieve the research goal, it is assumed that there are significant differences between the average opinions of the research sample of female teachers and their reluctance and the reasons for the differences in the practice of refereeing sports competitions accor

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 27 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Study The Properties of Structural And Optical of Cadmium Oxide Films Prepared In A Thermal Evaporation In A Vacuum
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  In   this  research  ,  the  structural   and  optical   properties   of  pure of cadmium  oxide, pure (CdO) were studided thin films in a thermal evaporation in a vacuum depositing metal cadmium pure rules of the glass at room temperature (300K) and thickness (300 ± 20nm) and the time of deposition (1.25sec) was oxidation of thin films cadmium (Cd) record temperature (673k) for a period of one hour to the presence of air optical energy gap for direct electronic transitions were calculated (permitted) as a function of absorption coefficient and permeability and reversibility by recording the spectrum absorbance and permeability of the membrane the record

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2017
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The impact of new media in social relations: (A field study on a sample of young people in Baghdad)
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Modern communication and media technology has pioneered new horizons and curried out deep changes in the various fields of social life, It effected enormously human communication as well.
Content one Who late the developments which have effected the social relations ،due to the new media ،especially Face book ,will certainly notice the far cry changes of the social relation net which has been effected ,in a way or another ،the accelerated development ،under the appearance of the so called the virtual society .
Face book has embodied the means – communication ,which has become an important turn point in the social communication .
It is the point the present paper tries to expose an discuss by a field study curried on a sam

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 20 2019
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Study Influence of Substrate Temperature on Optical Properties of CdS Thin Films Prepared by Chemical Spray pyrolysis
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This study aims to prepare Cadmium Sulphide (CdS) thin films using thermal Chemical Spray Pyrolysis (CSP) on glass of different temperatures substrate from cadmium nitrate solution. Constant thickness was (430 ± 20 nm) and the effect of substrate temperature on the optical properties of prepared thin films.

Optical properties have been studied from transmittance and absorbance spectral within wavelengths range (360 - 900 nm). The results show that all the prepared films have a direct electron transitions and optical energy gap between (2.31-2.44 eV). They also show that the transmittance and optical energy gap of films prepared from nitrate solution increase with increasing of substrate temperature, then transmittance start do

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 06 2009
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study of some structural , optical , Electrical Properties of CdS thin films deposited by chemical Spray Pyrolysis Method
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In this research we prepared CdS thin films by Spray pyrolysis method on a glass substrates and we study its structural , optical , electrical properties .The result of (X-Ray ) diffraction showed that all thin films have a polycrystalline structure , The relation of the transmission as a function of wavelength for the CdS films had been studied , The investigated of direct energy gap of the CdS its value is (2.83 eV). In Hall effect measurement of the CdS we find the charge carriers is p – type and Hall coefficient 1157.33(cm3/c) ,Hall mobility 6.77(cm2/v.s)

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
A Comparative Study of a Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor and Bio-shaft Technology for a Wastewater Treatment Process: A review
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In addition to the primary treatment, biological treatment is used to reduce inorganic and organic components in the wastewater. The separation of biomass from treated wastewater is usually important to meet the effluent disposal requirements, so the MBBR system has been one of the most important modern technologies that use plastic tankers to transport biomass with wastewater, which works in pure biofilm, at low concentrations of suspended solids. However, biological treatment has been developed using the active sludge mixing process with MBBR. Turbo4bio was established as a sustainable and cost-effective solution for wastewater treatment plants in the early 1990s and ran on minimal sludge, and is easy to maintain. This

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Synthesis of Ag/Au (core/shell) nanoparticles by laser ablation in liquid and study of their toxicity on blood human components
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Abstract<p>Q-switch Nd: YAG laser of wavelengths 235nm and 1,460nm with energy in the range 0.2 J to 1J and 1Hz repetition rate was employed to synthesis Ag/Au (core/shell) nanoparticles (NPs) using pulse laser ablation in water. In this synthesis, initially the silver nano-colloid prepared via ablation target, this ablation related to Au target at various energies to creat Ag/Au NPs. Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), surface morphology and average particle size identified employing: UV-visible spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The absorbance spectra of Ag NPs and Ag/Au NPs showed sharp and single peaks around 400nm and 410nm, respec</p> ... Show More
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