This paper including a gravitational lens time delays study for a general family of lensing potentials, the popular singular isothermal elliptical potential (SIEP), and singular isothermal elliptical density distribution (SIED) but allows general angular structure. At first section there is an introduction for the selected observations from the gravitationally lensed systems. Then section two shows that the time delays for singular isothermal elliptical potential (SIEP) and singular isothermal elliptical density distributions (SIED) have a remarkably simple and elegant form, and that the result for Hubble constant estimations actually holds for a general family of potentials by combining the analytic results with data for the time dela

Monetary policy occupies a prominent role in achieving monetary stability by adjusting the growth rates of the number of available means of payment in line with changes in the size of the gross domestic product in the country and expressed by the monetary stability coefficient agreed upon by the International Monetary Fund, a term that hides the fact that there is a rate of change in the volume of commodity or real production which expresses the levels of aggregate supply in the economy, which corresponds to the quantities of cash in circulation, which represent a net purchasing power and stimulate aggregate demand, which completes the picture of the existence of the market mechanism, expressed by the monetary or economic stability

This paper is concerned with introducing and studying the first new approximation operators using mixed degree system and second new approximation operators using mixed degree system which are the core concept in this paper. In addition, the approximations of graphs using the operators first lower and first upper are accurate then the approximations obtained by using the operators second lower and second upper sincefirst accuracy less then second accuracy. For this reason, we study in detail the properties of second lower and second upper in this paper. Furthermore, we summarize the results for the properties of approximation operators second lower and second upper when the graph G is arbitrary, serial 1, serial 2, reflexive, symmetric, tra

Abstract

Objective of this research focused on testing the impact of internal corporate governance instruments in the management of working capital and the reflection of each of them on the Firm performance. For this purpose, four main hypotheses was formulated, the first, pointed out its results to a significant effect for each of corporate major shareholders ownership and Board of Directors size on the net working capital and their association with a positive relation.  The second, explained a significant effect of net working capital on the economic value added, and their link inverse relationship, while the third, explored a significant effect for each of the corporate major shareholders ownershi

We introduce and discus recent type of fibrewise topological spaces, namely fibrewise bitopological spaces, Also, we introduce the concepts of fibrewise closed bitopological spaces, fibrewise open bitopological spaces, fibrewise locally sliceable bitopological spaces and fibrewise locally sectionable bitopological spaces. Furthermore, we state and prove several propositions concerning with these concepts.

In this paper, we used four classification methods to classify objects and compareamong these methods, these are K Nearest Neighbor's (KNN), Stochastic Gradient Descentlearning (SGD), Logistic Regression Algorithm(LR), and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP). Weused MCOCO dataset for classification and detection the objects, these dataset image wererandomly divided into training and testing datasets at a ratio of 7:3, respectively. In randomlyselect training and testing dataset images, converted the color images to the gray level, thenenhancement these gray images using the histogram equalization method, resize (20 x 20) fordataset image. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used for feature extraction, andfinally apply four classification metho

     We introduce and discuss the modern type of fibrewise topological spaces, namely fibrewise fuzzy topological spaces. Also, we introduce the concepts of fibrewise closed fuzzy topological spaces, fibrewise open fuzzy topological spaces, fibrewise locally sliceable fuzzy topological spaces and fibrewise locally sectionable fuzzy topological spaces. Furthermore, we state and prove several theorems concerning these concepts.

The essential objective of this paper is to introduce new notions of fibrewise topological spaces on D that are named to be upper perfect topological spaces, lower perfect topological spaces, multi-perfect topological spaces, fibrewise upper perfect topological spaces, and fibrewise lower perfect topological spaces. fibrewise multi-perfect topological spaces, filter base, contact point, rigid, multi-rigid, multi-rigid, fibrewise upper weakly closed, fibrewise lower weakly closed, fibrewise multi-weakly closed, set, almost upper perfect, almost lower perfect, almost multi-perfect, fibrewise almost upper perfect, fibrewise almost lower perfect, fibrewise almost multi-perfect, upper^* continuous fibrewise upper^∗ topol

Based on analyzing the properties of Bernstein polynomials, the extended orthonormal Bernstein polynomials, defined on the interval [0, 1] for n=7 is achieved. Another method for computing operational matrices of derivative and integration D_b and R_(n+1)^B respectively is presented. Also the result of the proposed method is compared with true answers to show the convergence and advantages of the new method.

Is a high degree of economic freedom an important part in the development of the economies of developing countries in the last decade of the twentieth century and the beginning of the twentieth century and the atheist. This is because a test subject (deltoid analysis of the relationship between the degree of economic freedom and foreign trade of selected developing countries for the period
( 1990 -2005) to determine the degree of economic freedom in foreign trade promotion in Singapore and Turkey. The research recommends a number of  recommendations, the most important is the responsibility of the Ministry of Planning in Iraq that is providing the necessary data for the Fraser Institute, the aim of increasing cooperation