Osteoporosis is related to the loss of bone mass that occurs as part of the natural process of aging and in menopausal women. The aim of this study is to evaluate the levels of interleukin-35 in menopausal women with osteoporosis, that may be used as an early predicted marker of osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity in osteoporosis patients in relation with other diagnostic parameters. Fasting blood samples were obtained from forty Iraqi menopausal women with mean age of (61.06±6.59)years who were newly diagnosed of osteoporosis by physicians at Baghdad Teaching Hospital as patients group(G1). In addition to , twenty two healthy women were included in the study as a control group(G2) with mean age(60.75±6.35). Serum samples were used for determination of Rheumatoid Factor (RF), Alkaline Phosphatase(ALP), Calcium(Ca+2), Phosphate(PO4-3) and Interleukin-35(IL-35),while blood sample was used for determination of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR). The results revealed a highly significant increase in IL-35 level in patients group(G1) compared to the control group(G2) while there are no significant differences in ALP, Ca+2 and PO4-3 levels between G1 and G2. The correlation between serum levels of IL-35 and ALP ,Ca+2 and PO4-3 in menopausal osteoporosis patients was calculated; A significant positive correlation between IL-35 and ALP was found (r=0.277,P<0.05), while there was no significant correlation between IL-35 and each of Ca+2 and PO4-3 levels (r=0.191,P>0.05),(r=0.124,P>0.05) respectively. The conclusion obtained from this study that IL-35 may be used as an additional biomarker in predicting osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
Effective decision-making process is the basis for successfully solving any engineering problem. Many decisions taken in the construction projects differ in their nature due to the complex nature of the construction projects. One of the most crucial decisions that might result in numerous issues over the course of a construction project is the selection of the contractor. This study aims to use the ordinal priority approach (OPA) for the contractor selection process in the construction industry. The proposed model involves two computer programs; the first of these will be used to evaluate the decision-makers/experts in the construction projects, while the second will be used to formul
In this paper, we have examined the effectiveness exchange of optical vorticity via three-wave mixing (TWM) technique in a four-level quantum dot (QD) molecule by means of the electron tunneling effect. Our analytical analysis demonstrates that the TWM procedure can result in the production of a new weak signal beam that may be absorbed or amplified within the QD molecule. We have taken into account the electron tunneling as well as the relative phase of the applied lights to assess the absorption and dispersion characteristics of the newly generated light. We have discovered that the slow light propagation and signal amplification can be achieved. Our results show that the exchange o
The Jeribe Formation, the Jambour oil field, is the major carbonate reservoir from the tertiary reservoirs of the Jambour field in northern Iraq, including faults. Engineers have difficulty organizing carbonate reserves since they are commonly tight and heterogeneous. This research presents a geological model of the Jeribe reservoir based on its facies and reservoir characterization data (Permeability, Porosity, Water Saturation, and Net to Gross). This research studied four wells. The geological model was constructed with the Petrel 2020.3 software. The structural maps were developed using a structural contour map of the top of the Jeribe Formation. A pillar grid model with horizons and layering was designed for each zone. Followin
... Show MoreIn the last few years, the Internet of Things (IoT) is gaining remarkable attention in both academic and industrial worlds. The main goal of the IoT is laying on describing everyday objects with different capabilities in an interconnected fashion to the Internet to share resources and to carry out the assigned tasks. Most of the IoT objects are heterogeneous in terms of the amount of energy, processing ability, memory storage, etc. However, one of the most important challenges facing the IoT networks is the energy-efficient task allocation. An efficient task allocation protocol in the IoT network should ensure the fair and efficient distribution of resources for all objects to collaborate dynamically with limited energy. The canonic
... Show MoreThe importance of regional development resides in the provision of aid and other assistance to regions that are less economically developed. The purpose of this research is to identify the development possibilities and resources at the regional level, which can be tapped for the development of secondary cities. This research aims to shed light on the importance of urban planning in creating regional balance and relieving population and service pressure on major cities. The research answers the question relative to how urban planners can work towards the idea of creating development corridors including the cities located within them, whilst focusing more on the regional dimension and the topic of sustainable urbanization. This research assum
... Show MoreRate of zinc consumption during the cathodic protection of copper pipeline which carries saline water was measured by weight loss technique in the absence and presence of bacteria. Variables studied were solution flow rate, temperature, time and NaCl concentration. It was found that within the present range of variables; the rate of zinc consumption increases with the increase of all operating conditions. The presence of bacteria increases the zinc consumption. Fourth order multi-term model and one-term model were suggested to represent the consumption data. Nonlinear regression analysis was used to estimate the coefficients of these models, while statistical analysis was used to determine the effect of each coefficient. Both models were re
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