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A study of the phonetic changes of Arabic loanwords in Balochi: بررسی تغییرات آوایی وام واژه های عربی در زبان بلوچی

 Abstract  Lanɡauaɡes, like humans, need communication and interaction to prosper. One of the ways for a language to flourish is to borrow words from other languages. The southern regions of Iran and the coastal countries of Persian Gulf have had strong cultural relations since old times, with language being a dimension of these relations. With their land being geographically located in the realm of Islamic civilization and being Muslims,  Baloch people have had strong connections with the Arab world and the Arabic language.Thus, many Arabic words have made their ways into Balochi language either directly or indirectly through persian language. Since each language has its own unique sound structure, these loanwords have undergone phonetic changes after entering the Balochi. This article is an attempt to study the phonetic changes of Arabic loanwords in Balochi in a descriptive-analytical manner. This study has  a "diachronic" and ”historical” approach. The phonetic changes of different types can be found in these loanwords, among them “substitution”, “metathesis”, “elision”, and “epenthesis”. The focus of this study is mainly on ”substitution”. The results indicate that the loanwords in Balochi language, especially those with “substitution” in them, have more diversity compared to Arabic loanwords in Persian. This article will showcase unique types of “substitution” in Arabic loanwords found in Balochi language.

چکیده

زبان به مانند انسان برای ارتقا و غنای خود به ارتباط و تعامل نیاز دارد، چنان که یکی از راههای بالندگی و غنای یک زبان، وامگیری از دیگر زبانها است. مناطق جنوبی ایران با کشورهای ساحلی جنوب خلیج فارس، از دیرباز روابط فرهنگی پررنگی داشته‌اند که از جمله ابعاد این مناسبات، حوزه زبان است. 

در این بین زبان بلوچی به حکم موقعیت جغرافیایی زیست بومِ گویشورانش در عرصه تمدن اسلامی محصور بوده و از آن روی که بلوچها مسلمان بوده‌اند ناگزیر مناسباتی تنگاتنگ با زبان عربی داشته‌اند .بدین ترتیب واژگان فراوانی با واسطه زبان فارسی و یا بدون واسطه مستقیما از زبان عربی به زبان بلوچی انتقال یافته‌اند. از آنجا که هر زبانی ساختار آوایی ویژه خود را دارد این وامواژه‌ها پس از ورود به زبان بلوچی دچار دگرگونی آوایی شده‌اند.

این مقاله به عنوان مطالعه‌ای «درزمانی» و «تاریخمند» در صدد است که با روش توصیفی-تحلیلی دگرگونیهای آوایی موجود در این وام واژهها را یافته و مورد واکاوی قرار دهد.دگرگونی‌های آوایی عبارتند  از «ابدال»، «قلب»، «حذف» و « درج» که  در این مقاله «ابدال» به صورت اختصاصی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است.

نتایج نشان‌دهنده آن است که «ابدال» وام‌واژه‌ها در زبان بلوچی به نسبت وام‌واژه‌های عربی موجود در زبان فارسی از تنوع بیشتری برخوردار است که شفاهی بودن فرهنگ و ادبیات بلوچی در این امر بسیار  تأثیر داشته است.

واژگان کلیدی: زبانشناسی، دگرگونیهای آوایی، وام‌واژه، زبان عربی، زبان بلوچی

Received on 11/7/2023

 Accepted on 20/8/2023

Published on 2/1/2024

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
A Cognitive Linguistic Study of UP and DOWN in Iraqi Arabic

This study is an attempt to investigate the conceptual metaphor of UP and DOWN commonly used in Iraqi community. Some of the metaphorical expressions in Iraqi colloquial Arabicarewidely used by Iraqi speakers in everyday language. Ithas been analyzed by following the cognitive theory of metaphor (Lakoff& Johnson,1980).The study indicates that the Iraqi speakerexperiences more of the metaphorical expressions of UP and DOWN to referto many of the abstract concepts that shape his/her impression of everyday life situations.

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Scientific Development For Studies And Research
The Role of E-Learning in teaching the Arabic language to non- native speakers

After the information revolution that occurred in the Western world, and the developments in all fields, especially in the field of education and e-learning, from an integrated system based on the effective employment of information and communication technology in the teaching and learning processes through an environment rich in computer and Internet applications, the community and the learner were able to access information sources and learning at any time and place, in a way that achieves mutual interaction between the elements of the system and the surrounding environment. After the occurrence of the phenomenon of Covid 19, it led to a major interruption in all educational systems that had never happened before, and the disrupt

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 15 2022
Journal Name
Alustath Journal For Human And Social Sciences
The Impact of Mind and Informational Strategy on the ‎Achievement of the Second Intermediate Students in the Grammar ‎of Arabic Language

The aim of the current research is to recognizing the impact of mind and informational strategy on the achievement with the second intermediate students in the grammar of arabic language, the researcher used a partial-set experimental design and intentionally selected a sample out of the second intermediate class from (AL- Markazya Intermediate school) in the district of Hilla, affiliated which belongs to General Directorate of Babylon Education in the year (2020-2021) for applying the experiment. The sample was composed of (50) students, (25) ones for each group, the experimental group and normal one. The researcher balanced between the two groups in various changes including: (the chronological age counted by months, the academic achie

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 03 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Effectiveness of a Developed Unit in The Arabic Language Textbook for The Enhancement of 21st Century Skills

Abstract

This research aims to develop a unit as part of a sixth-grade Arabic language textbook and measure its effectiveness in the development of twenty-first-century skills of female students. The author adopted the experimental approach with a quasi-experimental design of the pre-post single-group. A list of the major skills was derived from the framework for the 21st-century skills of the mother tongue that was developed by the Partnership for 21st-Century Skills and reviewed and adjusted by some specialists. According to their views, the unit was developed. The study targeted 15 sub-skills falling under three main skills. The results of the study showed the effectiveness of the developed unit in the develo

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
An Evaluative study for the Arabic language course program: An Evaluative study for the Arabic language course program

Abstract
Language is one of God’s blessings to human beings through which he
distingushed them from other creatures, then how if this language was arabic.
God honored this language and in which he descended his Gracious Boole
that gave it glory and magnificance, and made it an immortal revelation to the
arab nation in their poetry, oration, history and human tendency to the life of
knowledge, mind leadershipe, innovation and progress.
This study aimed at evaluating the arabic language come program for
the new teachers. The sample was of (25) participants who were shown a
questionaire consisting of (60) items distributed on (9) fields. Then, the data
was processed statisically by using preauency rate, Kai s

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 16 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Mental motivation among students of Arabic language departments and its relationship to their attitudes towards the profession

The aim of the research is to know the level of mental motivation among students of the Arabic language departments in the Faculties of Education in the universities of Baghdad Governorate and its relationship to their attitudes towards the profession, and the level of orientation towards the profession among students of the Arabic language departments in the Faculties of Education. And the correlational relationship between mental motivation and career orientation among students of Arabic language departments in the Faculties of Education, and the current research is determined by students of Arabic language departments in the Faculties of Education and the universities (Education Ibn Rushd-  University of Baghdad, Education- &nbsp

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 14 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The impact of implementing the integrated education strategy on the academic achievement of the Arabic language curriculum for the seventh grade in the schools of Amman

The study aims to identify the impact of the implementation of the integrated education strategy in the curriculum of the Arabic language for the seventh grade on the academic achievement in the schools of the capital Amman. The researcher adopted the experimental method, where two divisions of the seventh grade students were chosen from the secondary school for girls. The sample of the study was 60 students divided into two equal groups: 30 students represented the experimental group (A) and (30) students represented the control group. To collect the needed data, a test of (40) Multiple Choices was used. The results showed statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group who were taught acc

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 02 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Translating Food and Drink-Related Insults in Shakespeare’s (Henry IV) into Arabic

        This study highlights the problems of translating Shakespeare's food and drink-related insults (henceforth FDRIs) in (Henry IV, Parts I&II) into Arabic. It adopts (Vinay & Darbelnet's:1950s) model, namely (Direct& Oblique) to highlight the applicability of the different methods and procedures made by the two selected translators (Mashati:1990 & Habeeb:1905) .The present study tries to answer the following questions:(i) To what extent the FDRIs in Henry IV might pose a translational problem for the selected translators to find suitable cultural equivalents for them? (ii) Why do the translators, in many cases, resort to a literal procedure which is almost not worka

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 02 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Examples of a Simile in the Poetry of Khwaju Kermani: نمونه هانى از تشبيه در اشعار خواجو كرمانى

A simile is a figure of speech that draws resemblance with the help of the words such as (like) or any other closer in meaning word. The present paper deals with the theme of a simile in the poetry of Khwaju Kermani, a truly great Persian poet. 

Besides being a great poet, Khwaju Kermani was also a fine professor of sciences. He was, also, known by his ghazals in which he imitated and was influenced by two of the most immense poets (Saadi) and (Hakim Sanai).

The search for knowledge, the pursue of studies and interpretation are among the main themes of Khwaju Kermani’s poetry. He uses ghazals to express love and longing in a mystical manner.

The present paper discusses the poet’s life, ethics and works.&n

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 06 2021
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Linguistic deposits in the Arabic language

 

Abstract of the research:

     This research sheds light on an important phenomenon in our Arabic language, which is linguistic sediments, and by which we mean a group of vocabulary that falls out of use and that native speakers no longer use it, and at the same time it happens that few individuals preserve the phenomenon and use it in their lives, and it is one of the most important phenomena that  It should be undertaken and studied by researchers;  Because it is at the heart of our huge linguistic heritage, as colloquial Arabic dialects retain a lot of linguistic sediments, and we usually find them at all levels of language: phonetic, banking, grammatical and semantic.  In the

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