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The Use of the Definite article in the Ottoman Turkish Language in the Fourteenth and Seventeenth Centuries: Qaboos Namah and Mazaki Collection as a Model: '' Kabusnâme ve Mezâkî Divanı Örneğinde ''14. ve 17. Yüzyılarda Osmanlı Türkçesinde Harf-i Ta'rifin Kullanması Üzerine Bir İnceleme
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The Turks used the Ottoman Turkish language from the thirteenth century to the twentieth century.  During this period and under the influence of Islamic civilization, a large number of words and structures were used from the Arabic and Persian languages, Therefore, many Arabic grammatical structures were used in the Ottoman Turkish language, such as the definite article simply because it was widely used.

The paper is concerned with the use of the Arabic definite article in the Ottoman Turkish language, and the aim of this contrastive study is to find out the similarities and differences between the two languages ​​in terms of meaning and structure. Since linguistic studies depend on the practical side or applied approach, two works written in the Ottoman language were discussed:   Qaboos Namah by Sheikh Sadr al-Din Oglu from the 14th century and Mazaki Poetry Collection by Suleiman Dede from the 17th century. 

In our study, we showed how to use the definite article with words and phrases.  The use of the definite article is used differently with words and phrases.  This rule similarly applies to the Ottoman Turkish language. The Arabic definite article is also prefixed to the noun in prepositional phrases and pharses with articles. This rule is applicable in Ottoman Turkish where affixes are added to single words, noun and adjective phrases as well as nominative affixes when translated into Arabic.

Özet

Türk milleti 13. Yüzyıldan 20. Yüzyıla kadar Osmanlı Türkçesini kullandılar . Bu dönemde İslam medeniyeti etkisiyle Osmanlı Türkçesine Arap ve Fars dillerinden çok sayıda kelime ve terkipler girmiştir. Dolayısıyla Osmanlı Türkçesine Arapça gramer unsurları da girmiştir bunlardan en önemlisi sıkca kullanılanan harfi tâ'rifidir.
Araştırmamızda Osmanlı Türkçesinde Arapça harfi tâ'rifinin kullanımı ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı iki dil arasındaki anlam ve yapı bakımından benzerlik ve farklılıkları ortaya çıkarmak hedeflenmiştir. Osmanlı Türkçesi üç döneme ayrıldığı için on dördüncü ve on yedinci yüzyılları seçilmiştir ve harfi tâ'rifin kullanımındaki farklılığı belirtilmiştir. Bu çalışma da uygulamalı yönüne bağlı olduğu için Şeyhoğlu Sadrüddin'in ''Kabus- nâme Tercümsi'' adlı eser kitabı ile Süleyman Dede'nin '' Mezâkî Divanı'nın '' adlı divanı metinleri esas alınarak incelenmiştir.
Çalışmamızda harfi tâ'rifin kelime ve terkiplerle kullanılımını gösterilmiştir. Harfi tâ'rifin kelime ve terkiplerde kullanımı farklıdır. Harfi tâ'rifi Osmanlı Türkçesinde de mevcuttur. Bu duruma belirtilme adı verilir ve kelimelere ilgi veya yükleme eki getilirerek kurulur.

 

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Influence of Customer Knowledge Management on Sustainable Promotion
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This research has investigated the effect of the customer knowledge management CKM in sustainable promotion SP. The research conducted a quantitative method on a sample of employees in the Al-Furat State Company for Chemical Industries affiliated / the Ministry of Industry and Minerals in Iraq. The research’s problem presented a set of questions, one of the most important was (is there a relation and impact between the dimensions of customer knowledge management and sustainable promotion). The aim of the research is to identify the extent to which customer knowledge management activities are applied in understudy organization. This research adopted the questionnaire as a main instrument to collect information from (140) participants in

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Publication Date
Wed Jul 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The impact of education differentiated strategy to modify the alternative conceptions Geographical concepts when students First grade average
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The aim of this study was to know ( the impact of education differentiated strategy to modify the alternative developments of geographical concepts when students first grade average) .
      To achieve the goal of this study , researcher relied on the experimental design of a partial set , the design is ( the experimental group with a control group of post-test )
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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
STUDY OF TEMPERATURE EFFECT ON THE HARDNESS FOR EPOXY RESIN AND UNSATURATED POLYESTER
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This search aim to measure Hardness for Epoxy resin and for unsaturated Polyester resin as base materials for composite Hybrid and the materials used is Hybrid fiber Carbon-Kevlar. The Hand Lay-up method was used to manufacture plates of Epoxy resin (EP) and unsaturated Polyester EP,UPE backed by Hybrid fiber (Carbon-Kevlar) and with small volume fraction 5,10 and 15 for every there are Layer of fibers (1,2 and 3). The hardness test was count for material EP, UPE resin and there composites and that we notice that the Hardness (HB) decreased with increase of temperatures.

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 05 2025
Journal Name
Bulgarian Journal Of Veterinary Medicine
The immunomodulatory role of clove and cinnamon extracts on Klebsiella pneumoniae infected rats.
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This study aimed to investigate the ability of clove and cinnamon extracts to make pathogenic multidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae more sensitive to the host’s immune system and thereby interrupt the bacterial infection process in the rat model. Therefore, 60 Wistar male rats were used in this study. The phytochemical constituents of the plant extract were analysed using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. Then, the capability of the plant extracts, as prophylactic and treatment, against K. pneumoniae in rats was studied by estimating the complete blood counts (CBCs) and the serum concentrations of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) before and after the treatment. The results showed that

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 31 2022
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
The Association between CRP Levels with Comorbidities, Species, and Complications of Severe Malaria
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Background: Malaria remains a leading cause of mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (including Sudan). C-reactive protein (CRP) is useful as   a marker of severity in malaria. African studies have shown that serum CRP levels correlate with parasite burden and complications in malaria, especially falciparum. However, there are no data on CRP levels in Sudanese malaria patients.

This study aims to evaluate the association between CRP levels with comorbidities, species, and complications of severe malaria

Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled 65 severe malaria patients at Khartoum state hospitals during the period from April to June2021. Manifestations of severe

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2024
Journal Name
International Education And Culture Studies (iecs)
The Impact of Virtual Trips on Lateral Thinking and Middle School Student’s Achievement
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Publication Date
Mon Jul 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Efficient Intrusion Detection Through the Fusion of AI Algorithms and Feature Selection Methods
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With the proliferation of both Internet access and data traffic, recent breaches have brought into sharp focus the need for Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) to protect networks from more complex cyberattacks. To differentiate between normal network processes and possible attacks, Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) often employ pattern recognition and data mining techniques. Network and host system intrusions, assaults, and policy violations can be automatically detected and classified by an Intrusion Detection System (IDS). Using Python Scikit-Learn the results of this study show that Machine Learning (ML) techniques like Decision Tree (DT), Naïve Bayes (NB), and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) can enhance the effectiveness of an Intrusi

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 12 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
TAQWA "Piety", TAWAKKUL "Trusting” AND NIYYAH "Intention" ARE AMONG THE FACTORS OF ADJUSTMENT
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Abstract:-

The title of the thesis (TAQWA "Piety", TAWAKKUL "Trusting” AND NIYYAH "Intention" ARE AMONG THE FACTORS OF ADJUSTMENT) is related to the first legislative source of Islam, the Qur’an, and highlights the positive effects while adhering to the teachings of Islamic Sharia in terms of its importance in building the individual and thus society.

In this study, the researcher follows the objective approach, which includes collecting verses that refer to the issue of piety, trust and intention, and studying the verses objectively according to the sources, language books, ethics, and so on.

I sought to give each topic important headings, then study the topic and clarify it in general, based on narrations an

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 30 2021
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Nurseries' Workers toward Infection Prevention among the Children
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Background: Infections are common in the children attending daycare centers how act as predisposes to it. Hygienic interventions have a fundamental role in infection control and disease prevention in child care settings.

Objective: - To evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurseries workers in infection prevention and control among the children.

Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study using the researcher-developed questionnaire validated by two experts and piloted and 100 nurseries-workers had participated in it.

Result: the mean age of participants was 37.5 years±12.1, (37%) aged 18-30 yrs, 58% married, and 57% with higher education, 54% of n

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 31 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Geological Journal
GEOHISTORY ANALYSIS AND BASIN DEVELOPMENT OF THE LATE BERRIASIAN-APTIAN SUCCESSION, SOUTHERN IRAQ
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The studied succession is deposited during late Berriasian-Aptian interval, which is represented by the Zubair, Ratawi, Yamama formations. The present study includes stratigraphic development and basin analysis for 21 boreholes (Rachi-1, 2; Rifaei-1, Diwan- 1; Ratawi-1, 2; Halfaia-5; West Qurna 12, 15; Nahr Umr-7,8; Zubair-47,49; North Rumaila- 72, 131, 158; Suba-7; Majnoon-2, 3 and Luhais-2, 12) distributed within 13 oil fields in the southern Iraq. The back-stripping process determined the original direction of basin depocenter for the studied succession. The Yamama basin in the study area stretches from southeast to southwest with single depocenters, it was located in the southeast of the study area near wells Mj-2, Mj-3.NR-8 and

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