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The search for Sanctity and Divine Love « The Narrow Door » Andre Gide: À la recherche de la sainteté et de l’amour céleste dans « La porte étroite » d’André Gide.
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The theme of love has been and still is the interest of authors and writers for it is closely related to people’s lives. That great passion has helped them express genuine thoughts pertinent to that theme that has given rise to many debates, some are vague and others controversial. In his (strait is the gate), (La Porte étroite), André Gide has sought to shed light on his characters perspective of love and its relationship with sacredness and divine happiness. Indeed these characters have found often themselves restrained, chained and exhausted, by tough religious commands that have imposed on them spiritual commitments and duties too hard to break.

André Gide has revealed a protestant deviation from the perfection theme that has caused a misunderstanding and misinterpretation of the Bible concepts.

       The writer has presented this perfection and this ideality through a free hypothesis to make up for the failure that some of the characters have undergone due to this personal misinterpretation.

      All these characters have been united by one goal and one desire to realize love and happiness. However, because of adopting a personal vision in analysis, they were caused to live under a clear illusion. Elissa has always thought that her behavior is ideal. In this way she has destroyed her youth, terminated her existence and disappointed Jerome’s hope who has kept faithful to her love.

     This novel has ended with a family tragedy in the name of sacredness and divine love.

This research is divided into different sub themes; among which are :

1-Two paradoxical ways .

2-Towards holiness and reunification with God .

3-Isolation and Frustration .

This research adopts the objective analysis methodology, through analysis unit ( unity of subject).

Résumé.

Depuis longtemps, le thème de l’amour était et sera lié étroitement avec la vie de l’homme. Au niveau de la littérature, ce thème permet aux hommes de lettres d’exprimer les idées et les pensées les plus originales. Il ne faut pas nier que cette passion suscite d’innombrables définitions et interprétations tantôt ambiguës, et tantôt controversées.

      Dans « La porte étroite », Gide s’efforce de mettre en lumière les points de vue de ses personnages envers l’amour et son rapport avec la sainteté et le bonheur divin. Puisque ces protagonistes sont accablés par une éducation religieuse répressive qui leur impose une obligation et un devoir spirituel dont il faut s’engager.

     Dans ce récit, Gide révèle une déviation protestante de la perfection chrétienne. Il présente ce parfait et cet idéalisme comme une hypothèse gratuite pour remplacer quelques insuccès dans la vie de ses personnages qui ont mal compris et mal interprété les paroles bibliques. Ces personnages ont le même but et le même désir, c’est de réaliser l’amour et le bonheur. Mais chacun d’eux adopte une vision subjective, raison pour laquelle ils vivent dans une cécité complète. Après avoir mesuré l’utilité de sa recherche de la sainteté et de l’amour divin, Alissa est parfaitement convaincue que sa conduite était idéale. Elle détruit sa jeunesse et son existence par un acte gratuit, tandis que Jérôme reste fidèle à son amour.

    Les deux amants sont victimes d’un drame familial où ce récit finit par un suicide volontaire au nom de la sainteté et de l’amour céleste.

Cette recherche est divisée en trois titres principaux :

1-Deux chemins contradictoires .

2-Vers la sainteté et la communion en Dieu .

3-Solitude et désespoir .

Dans ce travail, nous avons recours à la méthode thématique et analytique .

      

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 16 2019
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Using Travelling Salesman Principle to Evaluate the Minimum Total Cost of the Iraqi Cities
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The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is a well-known and important combinatorial optimization problem. The goal is to find the shortest tour that visits each city in a given list exactly once and then returns to the starting city. In this paper we exploit the TSP to evaluate the minimum total cost (distance or time) for Iraqi cities. So two main methods are investigated to solve this problem; these methods are; Dynamic Programming (DP) and Branch and Bound Technique (BABT). For the BABT, more than one lower and upper bounds are be derived to gain the best one. The results of BABT are completely identical to DP, with less time for number of cities (n), 5 ≤ n ≤ 25. These results proof the efficiency of BABT compared with so

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 17 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
A study of the solvent effect on the low temperature spectra of benzoanthracene molecules
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been taken at room temperature down to liquid nitrogen temperature (77K). Polar and nonpolar solvents have been used to study the solvent effect on the absorption and fluorescence spectra of solute molecules. Some of the spectroscopic parameters have been determined as functions of solvent polarity and temperature. The results indicate that the band width FWHM increases with increasing the solvent polarity and temperature, while the peak emission cross section decreases with increasing of solvent polarity and decreases with increasing the temperatures. Clear vibrational structure spectra of benzoanthracene molecules have been observed in Nonane and Hexane solvents at 77K.

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 30 2014
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
The effect of cigarette smoking on the clinical outcome of pulmonary tuberculosis in Iraq
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Background: Tobacco smoking and tuberculosis (TB) are two major public health problems; Associations between smoking and tuberculosis including death from tuberculosis have been reported , A reduction in smoking could be expected to have a significant impact on TB incidence and prevalence .
Objectives: to assess the effect of smoking on tuberculosis.
Methods: This study was conducted from June 2011 to June 2012 in 200 patients, adult ( aged 17 years and more), newly diagnosed patients of pulmonary tuberculosis, at the chest and Respiratory Disease Specialized Center in Baghdad. Demographic data, presenting symptoms, data on smoking, and recurrence of disease were compared. Information on smoking status, tobacco smoking was collecte

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 23 2018
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Teratogenic Effect of Levetiracetam Drug on the Development of the Kidney in Embryo Rat
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      The new antiepileptic drugs, levetiracetam (LEV), are used to treat tonic-clonic seizures and myoclonic seizures in adults and children. Thirty pregnant rats were enrolled, which were divided into two groups A control (10), B treated (20). Group (A) were given distilled water orally for 15 days of pregnancy period. The other group was subdivided into two subgroups B1, B2 (each with 10 rats), which were treated with LEV for 14 days for subgroup (B1) and 15 days for the other subgroup (B2). The drug (350 mg/kg/day) is administered orally. Based on our results there was damage in the kidney due to the toxicity of the drug. The histopathological effects is represented

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 28 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
Activating the developmental potential of the historical center to city of Baghdad (Rusafa side)
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The types of development potential in the city vary, from the nature of city, to its society, environment, economy, and history. The city of Baghdad contains many historical development potentials out of using, and most of them towards declining, this will be the research problem, within the aim of trying to clarify how to invest one of the important historical elements in the development of the city, based on the hypothesis that the sustainable development of the city should be stand on the activation of its historical assets. The historical wall of Baghdad is located on the Rusafa side, which is a wall that has not been left except for one gate and the site of another gate from it is f

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Modern Physics E
The ground state properties of some exotic nuclei studied by the two-body model
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The ground state properties including the density distributions of the neutrons, protons and matter as well as the corresponding root mean square (rms) radii of proton-rich halo candidates 8B, 12N, 23Al and 27P have been studied by the single particle Bear– Hodgson (BH) wave functions with the two-body model of (core+p). It is found that the rms radii of these proton-rich nuclei are reproduced well by this model and the radial wave functions describe the long tail of the proton and matter density distributions. These results indicate that this model achieves a suitable description of the possible halo structure. The plane wave Born approximation (PWBA) has been used to compute the elastic charge form factors.

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
International Medical Journal
Surface analysis of the PEKK coating on the cp ti implant using laser technique
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Objective: Evaluation of the poly ether keton keton polymer (PEKK) coating material on the commercial pure titanium disks (CP Ti) with or without laser surface structuring. Design: In vitro experimental study of PEKK polymer coated material on the CP Ti disks with or without laser surface structuring. Materials and methods: coating the surface of the commercial pure titanium (CP Ti) disks with PEKK polymer was performed via using frictional mode CO2 laser, then the samples disks analyzed by using FESEM. Results: the FESEM reveal good adherence and distribution of the PEKK coated material over the CP Ti substrate by using the frictional mode CO2 laser at 2 watt and 6 ms pulse duration. Conclusion: the frictional mode CO2 laser considered an

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 01 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Use of zeolite to reduce the radioactivity of cesium -137 in the liquid waste
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 Prepared zeolite type A was used for theremoval of cesium ions from aqueous solution. The experimental data were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich isotherms. Various parameters, such as contact time, zeolite weight, pH, and initial concentration, were studied. The results indicated that the highest removal efficiency was95.53% at (2h time, 0.04 g weight, and pH=6.8). The results also showed that the Freundlic model fits well with the experimental results and is better than the Langmuir model.

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Publication Date
Sun May 07 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Effect of Temperature On The Dispersability Of The Grafted Acrylic Acid Onto Alumina Particles
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 The ability of different alumina-grafted particles was examined for adsorption of phenol and p-chlorophenol under different conditions (i.e. concentrations and temperatures). Dispersion stability of alumina in liquid medium (water) was studied using settling under gravity technique. The result shows the settling initial rate of the alumina-grafted acrylic acid particles was faster than initial rate of settling when alumina-graft acrylic acid monomer adsorbed phenol and p-chlorophenol and vice versa to the alumina-graft poly(acrylic acid) polymer.

Thermodynamic parameters values (DG, DS, DH) were calculated for adsorption processes of phenol and p-chlorophenol adsorbed onto different surfaces. The

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 03 2020
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The Requirement of the National Democratic project in Iraq post Daesh Terrorist Group Stage
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This study aims at re-transmit the spirit of the national democratic project of Iraq post of the chaos left by the Daesh terrorist group stage(The Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, ISIS) , Which controlled large parts of Iraq, and had an adverse effect on the political scene in Iraq, inspired everyone that there are deficiencies in the political, economic, religious and ethnic structure of the Iraqi people in non-response to democratic thought.The researcher relied on the hypothesis that " the requirements of building a democratic project are based on the need to provide the requirements ranging from two interrelated aspects, like the institutional aspect and the aspect that related to the general and necessary requirements for the establ

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