Preferred Language
Articles
/
jcolang-150
El porqué de la confusión entre el pretérito indefinido y el imperfecto en la lengua española para alumnos de Irak The reason of confusion between past perfect and imperfect in Spanish for Iraqi students
...Show More Authors

Las diferencias entre el pretérito perfecto simple y el imperfecto son uno de los temas más complejos de la lengua española, no sólo para el estudiante, sino para el profesor, puesto que sistematizar los casos y hacerlos fácilmente comprensibles al alumno es tarea difícil. Los profesores de lengua, cuyas investigaciones han dado lugar a una serie de teorías y de corrientes metodológicas y didácticas que permiten enfocar la enseñanza de una lengua extranjera de manera muy distinta a como se hacía tradicionalmente. Vamos a repasar muy brevemente cuáles son estas teorías.

En primer lugar es necesario señalar en qué consiste el aprendizaje de una segunda lengua:

"El aprendizaje de una segunda lengua (L2) es el proceso por el que un individuo adquiere un nivel de competencia lingüística y comunicativa que le permite entrar en interacción con una comunidad lingüística que no es la suya propia" [Santos 1993,118].[1]

Abstract :

The present research is about the confusion facing the students in choosing either the past perfect or imperfect; this problem is due to the differences between the Arabic grammar and that of the Spanish in expressing the past.

In Arabic there is only one type of past, while in Spanish there are 5 types, The researcher chose only two to compare between them and to find the right method to teach the students the past perfect and imperfect; although the past perfect is just like the Arabic past and is expressed by adverbs followed by the verb in Spanish but it is difficult to determine when to choose past imperfect because it is continuous in the past and has no start and end points.

This research analyses the phrase grammatically and we explained their meanings in Arabic and found out how to deal with the problem and how to teach the student to correct the mistake and how to understand the meaning of the whole phrase in Spanish and how to find the best answer without trying to use Arabic grammar instead of Spanish because of the differences among verbs in these two languages.

So the best way is to give up the traditional method of teaching and start a new brand one through which the student can learn the right Spanish grammar by communication and conversation and help the student to identify his mistakes and correct them by observing the time of the phrase through which the student understand the general meaning of the phrase.

View Publication
Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia
Effect of sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations of ceftriaxone on the Pseudomonas aeruginosa adhesion to human oral mucosal epithelial cells and biofilm formation to polystyrene in vitro
...Show More Authors

View Publication
Scopus (1)
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Dec 25 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Colorimetry and Indirect X-ray Fluorescence Determination of Active Ingredients in Tetracycline Hydrochloride Drug and Injection Solution of B12 Vitamin Using of Polyurethane Foam Sorbents
...Show More Authors

The simple and available technique of colorimetry and indirect X-ray fluorescence determination of tetracycline hydrochloride (in the form of colored complex with iron(III) ions) and cyanocobalamine (in the form of the colored thiocyanate complex with cobalt(II) ions) is offered. The analytes were separated from the accompanying components by sorption to polyurethane foam based on ethers. The conditions of sorption separation and measurement of analytical signal of these substances are optimized. The obtained results of tetracycline drugs and injection solution B12 vitamin are in satisfactory agreement with data declared by the manufacturer.

View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Thu Dec 15 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Inorganic And Organometallic Polymers And Materials
Ultrasound-Assisted and One-Pot Synthesis of New Fe3O4/Mo-MOF Magnetic Nano Polymer as a Strong Antimicrobial Agent and Efficient Nanocatalyst in the Multicomponent Synthesis of Novel Pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidines Derivatives
...Show More Authors

View Publication
Scopus (21)
Crossref (20)
Scopus Clarivate Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Dec 15 2020
Journal Name
Al-academy
Sound Structure and Attraction Effectiveness in Graphic Design Field: منير جباري علي
...Show More Authors

      What concerns the research is employing the modern technology  in a compatible way, because it has multiplied  with the visual  working functions and has grown  in a special way with the development of the digital graphic design field  which represents a crystallization  product according  to  investigation and experimentation mechanism within the field of the scientific research  in the design field and development of the skills of the first designing worker, who always seeks to find working and functional structures in order to produce a design  with a clear meaning by utilizing the technological  abilities including the acoustic tech

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2016
Journal Name
Al-academy
Configuration semantics in Tmthbla freedom and Eid Ghadir: حسام عبد الخالق عثمان
...Show More Authors

The research is a special case of semantics modern Iraqi art, especially with regard to the art of sculpture, and the exact Nasba sculpture, has included research, four chapters on whale1. The first chapter: which consisted of:A. The research problem.B. The importance of research.C. Find goal.H. Find borders.Kh. Determine the terms.2. Chapter II: The theoretical framework: which consisted ofA. The first topic: sculptured configuration.B. The second topic:1. The first axis: contemporary Iraqi sculpture.2. The second axis: the sculptor Jawad Salim.3. The third axis: Mohammed sculptor debateC. Theoretical framework indicators.D. Previous studies.3. Chapter III: proceedings: which included:A. Find community.B. The research sample.C. Research

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Sep 15 2020
Journal Name
Al-academy
Identity Attributes and Strategies in Industrial Product Design: وليد محمد مهدي عيسى
...Show More Authors

The research discussed the role of interrelationships between the product attributes and the individual identity of the brand and the user, starting from reviewing the identity concepts in the general design propositions and the identity from the industrial design perspective, and highlighting the role of the attributes in identifying the individual identity of the product, which would enable the user to adopt them to be representative of his identity, starting from identifying the importance of the identity being characterized by three major elements: innovating products in the user's viewpoint, viewing the user's environment, the methodology of the design language, and identifying the identity attributes in the industrial product start

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref
Publication Date
Sun Feb 25 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Hybrid Framework To Exclude Similar and Faulty Test Cases In Regression Testing
...Show More Authors

 

Regression testing is a crucial phase in the software development lifecycle that makes sure that new changes/updates in the software system don’t introduce defects or don’t affect adversely the existing functionalities. However, as the software systems grow in complexity, the number of test cases in regression suite can become large which results into more testing time and resource consumption. In addition, the presence of redundant and faulty test cases may affect the efficiency of the regression testing process. Therefore, this paper presents a new Hybrid Framework to Exclude Similar & Faulty Test Cases in Regression Testing (ETCPM) that utilizes automated code analysis techniques and historical test execution data to

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Scopus (3)
Crossref (2)
Scopus Crossref
Publication Date
Fri Jun 02 2023
Journal Name
Bandaoti Guangdian/semiconductor Optoelectronics
NMUSING AN INNOVATIVE DEVICE TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY OF THE ANTERIOR QUADRICEPS MUSCLE OF THE INJURED KNEE JOINT AFTER SURGICAL INTERVENTION OF THE ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT IN ADVANCED SOCCER PLAYERS
...Show More Authors

This study aimed to manufacture an innovative device that enables the player to walk after the operation and improves the functional efficiency through the improvement in the range of motion as well as the improvement in the size of the muscles working on the knee joint. The research, the study population consisted of players with severing the anterior cruciate ligament of the advanced soccer players, and the number of the research sample was (5) injured for the control sample and (5) for the experimental sample in Abu Ghraib Hospital and some rehabilitation centers for a period of six months, and the pre-tests were conducted after two weeks of The cruciate ligament surgery was performed, and the innovative device was used for the e

... Show More
Preview PDF
Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences And Research
Study of Environmental and Biological characteristics of AL-Chibaish marshes and their effect to the biodiversity of southern Iraq
...Show More Authors

The Mesopotamian marshlands faced a massive destruction from many years and this lead to effect to ecosystem. In this study a survey was made on the physical chemical and heavy metals characteristics and microbiological analysis of AL Chibaish marsh during the two months. Water analyses revealed unacceptable values for almost all physiochemical and biological properties, according to WHO standard limits for drinking water. Almost all major ions and heavy metal concentrations in water showed a distinct decreasing trend at the marsh outlet station compared to other stations. In general, major and minor ions, as well as heavy metals exhibit higher concentrations in location 1 than in location 3. The concentrations of heavy metals in water show

... Show More
Scopus
Publication Date
Tue Oct 07 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
A Comparative Study of Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Expression of CD1a, RANK and RANKL in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis of Jaw and Skull Lesions
...Show More Authors

Background: Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a group of conditions affecting the reticuloendothelial system. It includes Letterer-Siwe disease, Hand-Schuller-Christian disease and eosinophilic granuloma and most often presents in childhood. Materials and methods: Twenty-five cases of LCH were diagnosed histologically and confirmed by CD1a antibody and assessed immunohistochemically using anti-RANKL and anti-RANK antibodies to evaluate osteoclastogenic mechanism. Results: Regarding jaw cases, there was a significant correlation between CD1a and RANK (P=0.016). While in the skull, highly significant correlation existed between RANK and RANKL (p=0.001). Among the sites, there was no statistically significant difference found for each

... Show More
View Publication Preview PDF
Crossref