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jcoeduw-1373
The Use of English as Lingua Franca in the Classes of UKM: as A Case of Study
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           English has for long been one of the most widely used media of communication globally, especially in the Malaysian universities. It has been termed as a Lingua Franca because it is shared with other languages which are considered first languages by different speakers. For this reason, English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) has attracted a number of researchers to investigate its variety via other languages in various communities. The objective of this paper is therefore to establish the strategies which are employing by the international students at the National University of Malaysia/ UniversitiKebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) as an example of one of the Malaysian universities; when they engage in a conversation in their classrooms to avoid the difficulty of understanding the language in the lingua Franca context. UKM has a number of Non-Native English speakers (NNESs), international students who are also multilingual and cannot understand the indigenous Malay, Chinese and Tamil languages. Therefore the mode of teaching and the way they interact with each other becomes hard for them as they try to understand each other despite their origin. This has created a need for a common and international media of communication; which can concluded by the English language. English has been identified as one of the most widely used media of communication among these students. The current article aimed to find out the strategies which employ by the multilingual students at UKM as they try to communicate to each other through conversations and discussions inside the classrooms in the context of being a lingua Franca .This objective is achieved through voice recordings of conversations made between three master students . The data  is analyzed using  the conversational Analysis (CA) based on Hymes’ 1972 model of speaking.

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
A field study of the problems of queues at some checkpoints in the city of Baghdad
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Abstract

Due to the momentum of winning in the streets of the city of Baghdad as a result of the large number of checkpoints so felt researcher to conduct a field visit to find out the main reasons that led to this congestion and to find practical solutions to mitigate wastage winning the arrival time citizen to where you want the least possible time.

This research aims to overcome the difficulties experienced by citizens to reach their places of work and reduce waste at the time of service and waiting time as well as reduce the cost of waiting.

Has emerged study a set of conclusions, including the use of model queue (G / G / C) and the mome

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 30 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Analysis of Climate Parameters as Indicators of Climate Changes in Central and Eastern Iraq: Khanaqin Climate Conditions as A Case Study
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   The climate parameters of rainfall, and average of maximum and minimum temperature were investigated for the period of 2000-2019 in three stations in central and eastern Iraq (Baghdad, Diyala, and Kut provinces). Evidence of climate change was noticed from the results, reflected by decreased mean values of annual rainfall with increased mean of maximum and minimum temperature. In addition, the water balance and the climatic conditions were determined for Khanaqin station for the years 1981-2019. The analysis of Khanaqin climate parameters demonstrated total annual mean values of rainfall of 260.86mm and evaporation of 3119.59mm. The mean monthly relative humidity was 46.65%, sunshine was 8.39h/day, temperature was 23.36C

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 02 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Animal-Based Metaphors as Being a Lingua-Cultural Way in the Field of Football Club Titles: Зооморфная метафора как лингвокультурологический способ в области прозвищ футбольных клубов
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       Metaphor is a linguistic phenomenon related to people's cultures. It is an integral part of cultural heritage. This paper tackles the use of animal-based metaphors in the field of football club titles so as to draw comparisons between those in Russian with their counterparts in Arabic. Names of animals are used to refer to some clubs and teams, where these names or titles reflect animal features such as strength, preying on victims; or animal figures are employed in the club symbols, or due to the similarity of the club shirt to the animal outer shapes in colours. For instance, "an-Nawaris", which means gulls in English, is used to refer to az-Zawraa club du

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Critical Success Factors in Construction Projects (Governmental Projects as a Case Study)
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The importance of the construction sector and its Great role in the provision of services and infrastructure, reduce poverty, improve living conditions and improve the economic situation in the country, impose attention to the way in which the projects implemented for its improvement and to get successful projects. The objective of this research was to determine the criteria for success as well as critical success and failure factors that have a significant impact on project success. A selected 75 engineer (department managers, project managers and engineers) are asked to fill  the questionnaire form, Sixty-seven valid questionnaire forms were analyzed statistically to get search results, which were as follows : Twe

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Current Researches On Social Sciences
An Examination of Discourse Investigation of Fallacies in Religious Texts: Islam as a Case Study
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BN RASHİD, 2023

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 13 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Evaluation of English Language Textbooks for Fifth and Sixth Graders Based on the American Council Criteria for Teaching Foreign Languages (ACTFL)
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Abstract

This study aims to identify the extent to which the criteria of the American Council for Teaching Foreign Languages (ACTFL) are included in the English language books for the fifth and sixth graders. To achieve the objective of the study, a content analysis card was prepared, where the classification of language proficiencies was divided into five main levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced, superior, and distinguished) of the four language skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing), The content analysis card consisted of (89) indicators distributed at the four levels of language skills as follows: Listening (17), speaking (33), reading (15), and writing (26). The study sample consisted of Engl

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The influence of organizational culture on the organizational performance of educational institutions (University of Technology as a model)
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The organizational culture is an effective control mechanism that dictates the behavior of employees and according to their intellectual and social orientations, so it is considered a more powerful way to control employee orientations and determine their management according to organizational rules and regulations, as it was one of the most important factors determining the performance of organizations, while organizational performance is a measure of what the organization has achieved from the objectives of the scheme To ensure that it faces various changes and remains within the global competition, and to reach that it was necessary to identify the most prominent and most important research problems in knowing the extent of com

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 27 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Waste as a resource of economic resources: A case study using environmentalthe index MIP
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Due to increased consumption of resources, especially energy it was necessary to find alternatives characterized by the same quality as well as being of less expensive, and most important of these alternatives are characterized by waste and the fact that humancannot stop consumption. So we  have consideredwaste as an  alternative and cheap economic resources and by using environmental index the MIP (input materials per unit ,unit / service) is based on the grounds that the product is not the end of itselfit is a product to meet the need  of a product or service, awarded a resource input and output within the five basic elements are the raw materials is ecological, Raw materials ecological, water, air and soil erosion for a

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
A practical study of the problems of queues for vehicles in some filling stations in the city of Baghdad
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 According to the circumstances experienced by our country which led to Occurrence of many crises that are the most important crisis is gaining fuel therefore , the theory of queue ( waiting line ) had been used to solve this crisis and as the relevance of this issue indirect and essential role in daily life  .

This research aims to conduct a study of the distribution of gasoline station in (both sides AL – kharkh and AL Rusafa, for the purpose of reducing wasting time and services time through the criteria of the theory of queues and work to improve the efficiency of these stations by the other hand. we are working to reduce the cost of station and increase profits by reducing the active serv

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Financial Innovation as an Entrance to Sustainable Financing A Case Study of Islamic Banks in the State of Qatar (2014-2018)
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While the impact of the fourth Industrial Revolution on the economy keeps accelerating, the signs of the fifth industrial revolution, whose key is innovation and creativity started to evolve. However, the challenge of achieving sustainable development and its goals remains faced by the global organizations; In this situation, Islamic banks are exposed to many challenges among which is the challenge of keeping themselves abreast of the latest developments in the modern technology which in turn is a tool for continuity and competition. On the flip side, to avoid the negative impact that these changes can have such as an increased gap between financial innovations and the requirements of sustainable development. Islamic banks in the

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