Reading strategies are of interest for what they reveal about the ways readers manage their interaction with written texts and how these strategies are related to text understanding, acquisition ,storage ,and retrieval of information .In EFL comprehension lessons, the students try to work out interpretations of the meaning related to the written word through the usage of different comprehension strategies. Yet, there are moments where the participants in the classroom fail to reach a successful understanding of the passage read despite the guidance of the teacher. The present research aims at investigating and identifying moments of comprehension failure and reasons behind them .It also aims at specifying the different strategies used in terms of type and number of occurrences. It is hypothesized that some students in EFL classrooms fail to understand parts of written texts because they do not use any kind of strategy at particular stages of the comprehension process. The samples selected for the research are the two sections of first year students in the Department of English language, College of Arts and Letters in Cihan University. Each section included 30 students who study comprehension as a basic course ,through their first academic year, in an average of 3 hours per week. Eight comprehension lessons have been recorded and the passages discussed during these lessons , were chosen from the students' text book ‘’Practice & Progress’’ by L.G. Alexander, 1967. The research provides a brief overview of the studies related to the process of reading comprehension .It also illustrates the ways many linguists identified the factors contributing to understanding written texts during the previous years. This is followed by mentioning the general strategies that are used by learners of the English language with explanation of their meaning and role in comprehending written texts. Section two presents the analysis of the recorded lessons. Though the discussions of eight passages were recorded, only three of them were included in the research due to shortage of space. Moments of comprehension failure are specified by the letters (CF) with reference to the reason. Types of strategies used during the lessons are identified as well. Finally, it is concluded that the students sometimes fail to grasp the meaning of some lines or parts of a text because they don't use certain strategies .The analysis of the lessons also shows that the strategies that are mostly used by the students, in their attempt to understand what they read, are: using prior knowledge, inferring meaning, questioning, visualizing, and determining importance which are used in sequence and number of occurrences that differ from one text to another .On the other hand, strategies like synthesizing and summarizing are hardly ever used in some texts and never used in others. The research also illustrates the significant role of the teacher that contributes to the students’ critical thinking and understanding of the written text
This investigation was carried out to examin the effect of addition of dried bread (db) in different percentages on the sensory and microbial properties of the Chickpeas with Tehena (C T) . The results revealed that adding 0% (than db in the CT) ( treatment A ) control gained high significan different than that of other adding percentages in texture and appearance . And showed that of adding 5% (than db in the CT) (treatment B ) gained high significan different than that of other adding percentages in flavor , colour and overall acceptance. The adding 15% (than db in the CT) ( treatment C) showed that gained high significan different than adding 25 and 35 % (than db in the CT) (treatments D and E ) than all sensory properties . And addin
... Show MoreThe research tackles the monetary policy of the Abassynian state in Baghdad – the center of the Abassynian caliphate in her last days. This age lasts for morethan eight decades . success – sively four caliphates ruled throuyhout these decades. First. ALNaser Ledeen Alah. AL- Daher Be Amer Alah, AL- mustanser Be-Alah then ALmustausem Be-Alah. This caliphate witnessed a sense of release from the boundage of the Salju guian supremqcy which resulted in an interest in coinage of money (Dinarsamd derhem) and engraving it usiny new forms and new weight that reflects the states monetary independence and national sovereignity being an essencial means for treating in the ex– change of trading between people. Caliphat e also made sure of prot
... Show MoreI've dealt with marked (after the global economic crisis in the policy of the United States from 1929 to 1933) a set of facts and historical events that contributed to the shaping of American foreign policy during the economic crisis or Miaraf historic recession that hit the big capitalist world Thelatnaat the beginning of the last century, whereOur research included three main areas in which we tried to stabilize the political decision-making in the corridors of diplomacy, U.S. State Department has set off in this research study in three axes: the first included a knowledge of U.S. foreign policy with the countries of Central and South America in light of the global economic crisis 1929–1933. While the second axis included on an
... Show MoreThe current study aims at specifying the required teaching skills to teach history in the intermediate stage according to the point of view of history teachers . The Study is applied in Iraq , Baghdad on the schools of the First and Second Rusaffa directory for the academic year of 2008– 2009 . The researcher prepared a tool of study as a questionnaire of 30 items with three options . They are distributed to six fields . The researcher checked the tool's validity by consulting experts in the field of history and educational an psychological sciences .and the factor of validity of the tool of study is derived through depending on initial test of samples of the society of research which is of 30 male and female teachers . The ratio of th
... Show MoreSubject of research is the tolerance and the social fairness in the islamic civilization forthe imams of Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them), one of the places value and wide in the dimensions of intellectual and practical, the principle of equality and tolerance with people is an integral part of ethics required in the social and economic relations, politics and all walks of life systems the general components of the Islamic civilization. Which witnessed in the proposals and applications imams of Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) this impotance and reasons were behind my choice for this subject grabbed in my research: equality and religious tolerance with the people of disclosure, and reviewed the tolerance of the faithful Ali bin Abi Talib
... Show MoreThe research addresses a pattern of imagery which is regarded a Prominent feature of Abi Tamaam's Poetry (the image of implicit simile) which is based on the hidden signified and the signifier which can be deduced out of context . The investigation requires a study whose proof is based on imagery which is of three types: natural proof , human proof and Quran proof . After handling the realistic structures of this image, the researcher has shifted attention to its types and has dealt with the psychological domain , dividing it in two types: the sensory image and the mental image. The research is directed towards studying the implicit sentence regarding its styles of expression : declarative expression and composition expression . The
... Show MoreThis research seeks to give an objective, neutral and all-embracing examination of the prince ((Faker al Deen Almani)) as historical study , the prince regard as an important person for his active role in the Lebanese political system from 1590 till 1697. This research include three aspects , chapter 1 deals with historical inheritance of Lebanon before Amaaniya Amart and a rise of Amaanya Amart from (1516-1697). Chapter 2 devoted to the study of personality of Alamer Faker al Deen Al-Mani and his internal policy , Chapter 3 studies the foreign policy of the prince in Lebanon and his end , Finally in the conclusion , certain findings clearly summarized.
reader's mind, taking the real duals in its familiarity and hostility and the symbolic imagination as well. Most of the imaginative place comes with a symbolic dimension and the artist's characteristic ability appears so strongly in his descriptive narration; specially the (revolutionary) location such as AL QURNAWI's tea-shop where people had gathered and set out during the 1958 Revolution in its 1st part and kept this characteristic in the following 2nd and the 3rd parts; for it was- at that time- the meeting place of those independent cultured persons in which they discussed the political situation of the whole country. In his description, Al Ahmady wrote as if he was drawing by words in order to make the suspense for coming in those
... Show MoreThe current study aimed at identifying the orientations of the female students of Faculty of Education for women in Baghdad University toward the different teaching methodologies and the differences in variable factor with different major, teaching phase and the interaction between them. The study sample consisted of (147) female students on whom a questionnaire composed of (36) items were applied after verifying its objective and steadiness. The results indicated that the orientations of the female students of Faculty of Education for Girls in Baghdad University toward the teaching methodologies are positive however it was negative toward the questionnaire. The results indicated also that there is difference in the orientation toward th
... Show MoreThis research aims to study to the strategic management of organizational conflict, which included (concept of conflict and development, types Altzimi conflict, ,management strategies organizational conflict) and its impact on job performance, which included( the concept of performance, elements functionality,) As well as the impact of the conflict on job performance has been selected Rashad training Hospital affiliated to the Department of Health in Baghdad's Rusafa, as the most important service hospitals with the exact specialty in psychiatry and its impact on the lives of citizens and how to enable the hospital aware of the strategic management of organizational conflict raises the level of functionality provided and make the
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