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Evaluation of shear bond strength of zirconia to tooth structure after different zirconia surface treatment techniques
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Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of zirconia different surface treatments (primer, sandblast with 50μmAl2O3, Er,Cr:YSGG laser) on shear bond strength between zirconia surface and resin cement. Material and methods: Sixty presintered Y-TZP zirconia cylinder specimens (IPS e.max ZirCAD, Ivoclar vivadent) will be fabricated and sintered in high temperature furnace of (1500 C for 8 hours) according to manufacturer’s instructions to the selected size and shape of (5mm. in diameter and 6mm in height). All specimens were ground flat using 600.800.1000.1200, aluminum oxide abrasive paper to obtain a standardized surface roughness. Surface roughness values were then recorded in µm using surface roughness tester (profilometer) to obtain a standardized data base line for all samples. The specimens were then randomly divided into three main groups (n=20); group A: no surface treatment (control group), group B: specimens in this group treated with 50μm Al2O3 and group C: specimens in this group treated with Er,Cr:YSGG laser. Sixty sound human premolars were used in this study, after construction of acrylic blocks, the occlusal surface of the teeth were ground flat, with diamond cutting disk to obtain a flat dentine surface . Prior to cementation of zirconia cylinders to tooth specimens subgroups (A1,B1,C1) will receive a coat of metal/zirconia primer and left to react for three minutes, while the subgroups (A2,B2,C2) were left undisturbed. Bonding surface of zirconia cylinder was then luted with SpeedCEM self adhesive resin cement under a static load of 2Kg. placed on the vertical arm of the surveyor and allowed to auto cure for 4minutes.The final cemented specimens were then stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24hours. All specimens were subjected to shear loading force in a universal testing machine at crosshead speed of 1mm/min. The shear bond strength values were analyzed statistically with one-way ANOVA; the fractured surfaces of zirconia cylinders were examined with a stereo-microscope to observe the failure mode. Results: The air borne-particle of 50μm followed by primer application showed significantly the higher bond strength than other groups. Conclusion : Within the limitation of this study, the results showed that sandblasting the bonding surface of zirconium cylinders with 50μmAl2O3 produced the highest values of shear bond strength , also the use of primer enhanced shear bond strength as well. Keyword: zirconia surface treatments, shear bond strength.

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 30 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
Comparing Explosive Strength and Speed – Strength in College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences’ Leagues of Basketball and Handball
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Publication Date
Fri Apr 13 2012
Journal Name
Kut Journal For Economic And Administrative Sciences
Using Different Methods to Estimate the Parameters of Probability Death Density Function with Application
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In this paper, the maximum likelihood estimates for parameter ( ) of two parameter's Weibull are studied, as well as white estimators and (Bain & Antle) estimators, also Bayes estimator for scale parameter ( ), the simulation procedures are used to find the estimators and comparing between them using MSE. Also the application is done on the data for 20 patients suffering from a headache disease.

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Ecological Engineering
Using Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict the Sweetness of Bananas at Different Drying Times
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Publication Date
Mon May 06 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Ecological Engineering
Using Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict the Sweetness of Bananas at Different Drying Times
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The consumption of dried bananas has increased because they contain essential nutrients. In order to preserve bananas for a longer period, a drying process is carried out, which makes them a light snack that does not spoil quickly. On the other hand, machine learning algorithms can be used to predict the sweetness of dried bananas. The article aimed to study the effect of different drying times (6, 8, and 10 hours) using an air dryer on some physical and chemical characteristics of bananas, including CIE-L*a*b, water content, carbohydrates, and sweetness. Also predicting the sweetness of dried bananas based on the CIE-L*a*b ratios using machine learn- ing algorithms RF, SVM, LDA, KNN, and CART. The results showed that increasing the drying

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 01 2021
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Theoretical structure of Eco-cities: subject review
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Given the importance of ecology and its entry into various fields in general and the urban environment particularly; ecological cities take wide ranges of application at multiple regional and global levels. However, it repeatedly noted that there was a state of cognitive confusion and overlapping in the term ecology comes from the diversity of implementation within several disciplines. Architects, designers, and planners have instilled biological development directly into the formal principles as well as the social structures of the ecological cities. Therefore, the research presents a rapid review of the most relevant areas that dealt with the ecological cities by research and analysis at various levels, from the concept and definition of

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Southwest Jiaotong University
IMPROVED STRUCTURE OF DATA ENCRYPTION STANDARD ALGORITHM
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The Internet is providing vital communications between millions of individuals. It is also more and more utilized as one of the commerce tools; thus, security is of high importance for securing communications and protecting vital information. Cryptography algorithms are essential in the field of security. Brute force attacks are the major Data Encryption Standard attacks. This is the main reason that warranted the need to use the improved structure of the Data Encryption Standard algorithm. This paper proposes a new, improved structure for Data Encryption Standard to make it secure and immune to attacks. The improved structure of Data Encryption Standard was accomplished using standard Data Encryption Standard with a new way of two key gene

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 31 2021
Journal Name
Toxins
The Crystal Structure of Bacillus cereus HblL1
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The Hbl toxin is a three-component haemolytic complex produced by Bacillus cereus sensu lato strains and implicated as a cause of diarrhoea in B. cereus food poisoning. While the structure of the HblB component of this toxin is known, the structures of the other components are unresolved. Here, we describe the expression of the recombinant HblL1 component and the elucidation of its structure to 1.36 Å. Like HblB, it is a member of the alpha-helical pore-forming toxin family. In comparison to other members of this group, it has an extended hydrophobic beta tongue region that may be involved in pore formation. Molecular docking was used to predict possible interactions between HblL1 and HblB, and suggests a head to tail dimer might f

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 01 2021
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Theoretical structure of Eco-cities: subject review
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Abstract<p>Given the importance of ecology and its entry into various fields in general and the urban environment particularly; ecological cities take wide ranges of application at multiple regional and global levels. However, it repeatedly noted that there was a state of cognitive confusion and overlapping in the term ecology comes from the diversity of implementation within several disciplines. Architects, designers, and planners have instilled biological development directly into the formal principles as well as the social structures of the ecological cities. Therefore, the research presents a rapid review of the most relevant areas that dealt with the ecological cities by research and analys</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Study the Effects of Machining Parameters on Surface Roughness for Free Form Surface Using Taguchi Method
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The surface finish of the machining part is the mostly important characteristics of products quality and its indispensable customers’ requirement. Taguchi robust parameters designs for optimizing for surface finish in turning of 7025 AL-Alloy using carbide cutting tool has been utilized in this paper. Three machining variables namely; the machining speeds (1600, 1900, and 2200) rpm, depth of cut (0.25, 0.50, 0.75) mm and the feed rates (0.12, 0.18, 0.24) mm/min utilized in the experiments. The other variables were considered as constants. The mean surface finish was utilized as a measuring of surface quality. The results clarified that increasing the speeds reduce the surface roughness, while it rises with increasing the depths and fee

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 08 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Evaluation Tv- Image Quality for Different Cable Signal Transmission Resistance Based on Contrast Edge Algorithm
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Some degree of noise is always present in any electronic device that
transmits or receives a signal . For televisions, this signal i has been to s the
broadcast data transmitted over cable-or received at the antenna; for digital
cameras, the signal is the light which hits the camera sensor. At any case, noise
is unavoidable. In this paper, an electronic noise has been generate on
TV-satellite images by using variable resistors connected to the transmitting cable
. The contrast of edges has been determined. This method has been applied by
capturing images from TV-satellite images (Al-arabiya channel) channel with
different resistors. The results show that when increasing resistance always
produced higher noise f

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